The invention relates to a pretension and lay-off method of a crane jib for a ship, belonging to the technical field of a crane. The crane comprises a luffing mechanism composed of a top pulley block, a jib, a winch, a luffing wire rope and a jib head pulley block and a bracket. The method comprises the following steps: A. operating the winch in the forward direction, loosening the jib and layingoff the jib onto the bracket; and B, operating the winch in the reverse direction, pulling the jib upwards to enable the pressure of the jib on the bracket to be less than the pressure on the bracketbefore being subjected to the upward pull, and stopping and shutting off the winch. The invention also relates to a pretension and lay-off device of a crane jib for a ship. The luffing mechanism alsocomprises a middle pulley arranged at the middle of the jib, and the luffing wire rope is connected with the jib head pulley block and the middle pulley through the top pulley block. The pretension and lay-off method and device of a crane jib for a ship can produce a pretension force on the jib by means of the luffing wire rope, thereby reducing the self-weight load of the jib as well as the influence and the destruction on the jib structure as a result of the shock load and the changing load of the bracket on the jib. Besides, the invention has the advantages of simple method and structure, convenient operation and low cost.