The invention discloses a high-sensitivity light spectrum acquisition and test system with a board waveband covering visible light. The high-sensitivity light spectrum acquisition and test system with the board waveband covering visible light is characterized in that: the test system is composed of a light source, an acquisition light path, a photoelectric device, a signal acquisition circuit, an ARM (Advanced RISC Machine) processing circuit and a touch display screen, wherein the light source transmits a simulated full solar spectrum into the acquisition light path by a quartz optical fiber, and the light spectrum becomes parallel light through a collimating lens, then the parallel light is irradiated to a focusing lens through a holographic grating, converged and transmitted onto a detector; a current signal of the light spectrum is converted into a voltage signal by a read-out circuit, and the voltage signal is input to the signal acquisition circuit; the signal acquisition circuit inputs a signal of the read-out circuit to the processing circuit; the signal of the read-out circuit is digitally filtered, displayed and stored by an embedded ARM signal processing software; and the touch display screen performs light spectrum acquisition and test. Compared with the prior art, the high-sensitivity light spectrum acquisition and test system with the board waveband covering visible light provided by the invention has the advantages of integrated functions of acquisition, displaying and storage, high sensitivity in weak light detection, high signal-to-noise ratio, fastness and convenience, and suitability for portable and mobile applications.