110 results about "Fluorescent radiation" patented technology

The invention relates to an optically controllable switching device having a first and second line section, between which an optically controllable switch (T2) is inserted, and having a sensor element (SE). The optically controllable switch (T2) disconnects or connects depending on an optical switching signal (SB), whether the switch is "on" or "off". The sensor element (SE) comprises a carrier material (TM) with crystals comprising one or more paramagnetic centers (NV). When irradiated with pump radiation (LB), the sensor element (SE) emits fluorescent radiation (FL) which depends on the magnetic flux density B at the location of the sensor element (SE). A line current (I LTG) in the first line section of the line (LTG) generates a magnetic field with a flux density B which, with sufficient current strength, influences the fluorescent radiation (FL) from one or more paramagnetic centers (NV). The optically controllable switching device has first means (LWL1, PL1, LIV) for irradiating the one or more paramagnetic centers (NV) with pump radiation (LB) and second means (LWL2, F1, PD, LIV) for detecting and separating the fluorescent radiation (FL) and for detecting a measured value signal which depends on the intensity of the fluorescent radiation (FL) and / or on the phase shift of the modulation signal of the temporal profile of the intensity of the fluorescent radiation (FL). The optically controllable switching device has third means (LIV) for generating an optical switching signal (SB) and for controlling the state of the optically controllable switch (T2) using this optical switching signal (SB).The optical switching signal (SB) depends on the intensity of the fluorescence radiation (FL) and / or on the phase shift of the modulation signal of the temporal course of the intensity of the fluorescence radiation (FL).

The invention relates to a purely optical fuse with a first and second line section, between which an optically controllable switch (T2) is inserted, and with a sensor element (SE). The sensor element (SE) comprises a carrier material (TM) with crystals comprising one or more paramagnetic centers (NV). When irradiated with pump radiation (LB), the sensor element (SE) emits fluorescent radiation (FL) that depends on the magnetic flux density B at the location of the sensor element (SE). A line current (I LTG) in the first line section of the line (LTG) generates a magnetic field with a flux density B which, with sufficient current strength, influences the fluorescence radiation (FL) from one or more paramagnetic centers (NV). The optically controllable switching device has first means (LWL1, PL1, LIV) for irradiating the one or more paramagnetic centers (NV) with pump radiation (LB) and second means (LWL2, F1, PD, LIV) for detecting and separating the fluorescence radiation (FL) and for detecting measured values which depend on the intensity of the fluorescence radiation (FL) and / or on the phase shift of the modulation signal of the temporal progression of the intensity of the fluorescence radiation (FL). The purely optical fuse compares these measured values with intensity and / or phase shift threshold values.The optically controllable switching device has third means (LIV) for generating an optical switching signal (SB) depending on the comparison result and for controlling the state of the optically controllable switch (T2) with this optical switching signal (SB).

The invention relates to a sensor head (20), wherein the sensor head (20) comprises a sensor element (11), a glass fiber and / or an optical waveguide (6). The sensor element (11) is mechanically and optically connected to the first end of the glass fiber or the optical waveguide (6) such that the glass fiber or the optical waveguide (6) can irradiate the sensor element (11) with pump radiation of a pump radiation wavelength, which the glass fiber or the optical waveguide (6) transports in the direction of the sensor element (6), and the glass fiber or the optical waveguide (6) can detect fluorescence radiation with a fluorescence radiation wavelength from the interior of the sensor element (11) and transports it in the direction away from the sensor element (6). The sensor head comprises a ceramic ferrule (7) with an inner tube along its longitudinal axis.The optical fiber (6) is inserted into the inner tube of the ferrule (7) so that the sensor element (11) is located at the other end of the ferrule (7) and / or protrudes from the inner tube of the ferrule (7). The ferrule (7) is inserted into a hollow tip (3) so that the sensor element (11) is preferably located at the tip of the hollow tip (3). The hollow tip (3) is inserted into a ceramic tube (2). The sensor head (20) comprises a shuttle (8). The glass fiber or the optical fiber (6) is guided within the shuttle (8). The shuttle (8) is inserted within the ceramic tube (2). The hollow tip (3) closes the ceramic tube (2). A holder (1) is pushed or plugged onto the ceramic tube (2). The glass fiber or the optical fiber (6) is guided outside the sensor head (2) in an outermost fiber shield (5).The sensor element (11) comprises crystals with paramagnetic centers that emit fluorescence radiation upon irradiation with pump radiation of the pump radiation wavelength. The crystal can, in particular, comprise diamond with NV centers and / or ST1 centers and / or TR1 centers as paramagnetic centers.

The present invention relates to a device for measuring a line current. Said device comprises at least three sensor elements having paramagnetic centres, a pump-radiation source, an optical system, and at least three photodetectors which function as part of receiving systems and are each associated with a sensor element. In addition, the device contains two magnetic field sources which generate different bias magnetic fields for each sensor element. The pump-radiation source emits pump radiation into the optical system, which distributes the pump radiation to the sensor elements and thereby irradiates the paramagnetic centres with the pump radiation. These centres emit fluorescence radiation, the intensity and phase shift of which depend on the AC drive signal of the evaluation and control device and on the magnetic flux density acting upon them. The fluorescence radiation is separated from the pump radiation by the optical system and guided onto the photodetectors. The evaluation and control device generates a single-frequency sinusoidal AC drive signal having a frequency of 22 MHz (-4 MHz / +7 MHz), or within a range of 18 MHz to 29 MHz. The lock-in amplifiers are coupled to the sensor elements and evaluate the output signal of the photodetectors with respect to the AC drive signal in order to produce measurement values. Based on these measurement values, the evaluation and control device determines an estimated value for the magnitude of the line current in the line.

The invention relates to a measuring head comprising an insulating body (IK), a first and second end fitting (EB1, EB2) with fastening means (BFE) for a line (LTG), and a sensor element (SE). The sensor element (SE) comprises a carrier material (TM), one or more crystals comprising paramagnetic centers (NV1), and a first and second optical waveguide (LWL1, LWL2), which may be identical to one another. The sensor element (SE) is mechanically connected to the first end fitting (EB1), which has fastening means (BFE) for fastening the line (LTG). The second end fitting (EB2) has means for fastening the first and / or second optical waveguide (LWL1, LWL2) to the first and / or second end fitting (EB2), respectively. The first and / or second optical waveguide (LWL1, LWL2) are guided within the insulating body (IK) in an electrically insulated manner from the first (EB1) to the second end fitting (EB2). The first end fitting (EB1).The first optical fiber (LWL1) and / or the second optical fiber (LWL2) are attached to the first end fitting (EB1). The second optical fiber (LWL2) detects fluorescent radiation (FL) from the sensor element (SE), while the first optical fiber (LWL1) transports pump radiation (LB) through the insulating body (IK) to the sensor element (SE) and irradiates the sensor element (SE) with pump radiation (LB). When irradiated with pump radiation (LB), the paramagnetic centers (NV1) of the sensor element (SE) emit fluorescent radiation (FL), which depends on the magnetic flux density B at the location of the sensor element (SE).

The present invention relates to a current sensor with an electrical conductor having at least two meander loops. Each meander loop consists of a first and a second conductor section, which are connected in series and run in parallel. The distances between the conductor sections are different for the two meander loops. Sensor elements with NV centers and / or paramagnetic centers are placed in the slots of the meander loops. The current sensor has means for irradiating these centers with pump radiation, separating the generated fluorescent radiation, and detecting the intensity and time delay of the fluorescent radiation. This enables precise measurement of the current strength by evaluating the fluorescent radiation of the NV centers and / or paramagnetic centers in the meander loops.

Purely optically controllable switching device for purely optical control of the current flow in a line (LTG), wherein the purely optically controllable switching device comprises a line (LTG) and where one line (LTG) comprises a first line section and wherein one line (LTG) includes a second line section that is different from the first line section and does not overlap, and wherein the purely optically controllable switching device comprises an optically controllable switch (T2) and wherein the purely optically controllable switching device comprises one or more purely optical sensor elements (SE) and wherein the optically controllable switch (T2) is positioned in the line (LTG) between the first line section and the second line section and wherein the optically controllable switch (T2) in an “on” state electrically connects the first line section of the line (LTG) with the second line section of the line (LTG) and wherein the optically controllable switch (T2) in an “off” state electrically separates the first line section of the line (LTG) from the second line section of the line (LTG) and wherein an optical switching signal (SB) determines which of these two states, "On" state or "Off" state, the optically controllable switch (T2) assumes, and wherein the respective purely optical sensor element (SE) of the one or more purely optical sensor elements (SE) comprises a respective carrier material (TM) with respective crystals comprising one or more respective paramagnetic centers (NV), and wherein the respective purely optical sensor element (SE) of the one or more purely optical sensor elements (SE) emits a respective fluorescence radiation (FL) when irradiated with respective pump radiation (LB), which depends on the respective magnetic flux density B at the respective location of the respective purely optical sensor element (SE), and wherein the respective purely optical sensor element (SE) of the one or more purely optical sensor elements (SE) is positioned relative to the first line section such that a line current (I LTG) in the first section of the line (LTG) a magnetic field with a respective flux density B is generated at the respective location of the respective purely optical sensor element (SE), such that, at sufficient current strength, one or more respective paramagnetic centers (NV) of the respective purely optical sensor element (SE) influence the respective fluorescence radiation (FL) of these one or more respective paramagnetic centers (NV) of the respective purely optical sensor element (SE) in a specific respective way with respect to the respective purely optical sensor element (SE), characterized by that the purely optically controllable switching device has first respective means (LWL1, PL1, LIV) assigned to the respective purely optical sensor element (SE) for irradiating the one or more respective paramagnetic centers (NV) of the respective purely optical sensor element (SE) with respective pump radiation and that the purely optically controllable switching device second means (LWL2, F1, PD, LIV) which are assigned to the respective purely optical sensor element (SE), - for detecting and separating the respective fluorescence radiation (FL) of the one or more respective paramagnetic centers (NV) of the respective purely optical sensor element (SE) and - for the acquisition of a respective measurement signal, which depends on the respective intensity of the respective fluorescence radiation (FL) of the respective paramagnetic centers (NV1) of the respective purely optical sensor element (SE) and / or on the respective phase shift Δt of the respective modulation signal of the respective temporal course of the respective intensity of the respective fluorescence radiation (FL) of the respective paramagnetic centers (NV1) of the respective purely optical sensor element (SE) relative to the respective modulation signal of the respective temporal course of the respective intensity of the respective pump radiation (LB) irradiating the respective paramagnetic centers (NV1) of the respective purely optical sensor element (SE), or relative to a signal associated with this respective signal (e.g., respective transmit signal S5) and / or its respective temporal course, - wherein the respective first means and respective second means may comprise common respective device parts (LWL1, LWL2) relating to a respective purely optical sensor element (SE) individually and / or relating to several purely optical sensor elements (SE) depending on the application, and that the purely optically controllable switching device has third means (LIV) to generate an optical switching signal (SB) and to control the state of the optically controllable switch (T2) with this optical switching signal (SB) and that the optical switching signal (SB, SB') is derived from one or more respective intensities of one or more respective fluorescence radiation (FL, FL') of the respective paramagnetic centers (NV1, NV1') of one or more purely optical sensor elements (SE, SE') and / or from one or more respective phase shifts Δt of one or more respective modulation signals of one or more respective time profiles of one or more respective intensities of one or more respective fluorescence radiation (FL, FL') relative to one or more respective modulation signals of one or more respective time profiles of one or more respective intensities of one or more respective pump radiation (LB, LB') or relative to one or more respective signals associated with one or more respective signals (e.g.,depends on the transmission signals S5, S5') and / or their respective temporal progressions.

The invention relates to an optically controllable switch (T2) with a sensor element (SE). The sensor element (SE) comprises a carrier material (TM) with crystals and paramagnetic centers (NV). When irradiated with pump radiation (LB), the sensor element (SE) emits fluorescent radiation (FL) that depends on the magnetic flux density B at the location of the sensor element (SE). A conduction current (I LTG ) in an inner line section (LTG +) generates a magnetic field with a flux density B such that, at sufficient current strength, the fluorescent radiation (FL) influences paramagnetic centers (NV1). Preferably, the optically controllable switch (T2) comprises a microelectronically manufactured semiconductor switch having the electronic switching component. Preferably, the respective sensor element (SE) is a respective microstructured sensor element (SE) on the surface of the microelectronically manufactured semiconductor switch and / or in the metallization stack of the microelectronically manufactured semiconductor switch.

The invention relates to an optically controllable switching device having a first and second line section, between which an optically controllable switch (T2) is inserted, and having a sensor element (SE). The optically controllable switch (T2) disconnects or connects depending on an optical switching signal (SB), whether the switch is "on" or "off". The sensor element (SE) comprises a carrier material (TM) with crystals comprising one or more paramagnetic centers (NV). When irradiated with pump radiation (LB), the sensor element (SE) emits fluorescent radiation (FL) which depends on the magnetic flux density B at the location of the sensor element (SE). A line current (I LTG) in the first line section of the line (LTG) generates a magnetic field with a flux density B which, with sufficient current strength, influences the fluorescent radiation (FL) from one or more paramagnetic centers (NV). The optically controllable switching device has first means (LWL1, PL1, LIV) for irradiating the one or more paramagnetic centers (NV) with pump radiation (LB) and second means (LWL2, F1, PD, LIV) for detecting and separating the fluorescent radiation (FL) and for detecting a measured value signal which depends on the intensity of the fluorescent radiation (FL) and / or on the phase shift of the modulation signal of the temporal profile of the intensity of the fluorescent radiation (FL). The optically controllable switching device has third means (LIV) for generating an optical switching signal (SB) and for controlling the state of the optically controllable switch (T2) using this optical switching signal (SB).The optical switching signal (SB) depends on the intensity of the fluorescence radiation (FL) and / or on the phase shift of the modulation signal of the temporal course of the intensity of the fluorescence radiation (FL).

A current sensor for detecting an electrical current in a line (LTG) comprises means for optical excitation and fluorescence analysis of non-magnetic centers (NV) or paramagnetic centers (NV) in isotropic sensor elements (SE1, SE2). Pump radiation (LB) with a specific wavelength and intensity is used to generate fluorescent radiation (FL), the intensity and time delay of which are measured relative to the pump radiation. The current sensor generates a magnetic field through the current flow, which floods the non-magnetic centers (NV) with different magnetic flux densities (B1, B2). The current value (ILTG) is determined from the detected fluorescence intensities and delays. A computing module (CTR) enables the evaluation, storage, transmission, or output of the data.

An apparatus (100) for optically characterizing a textile sample (106) includes a display subsystem (102) including an observation window (108). A radiation subsystem (114) includes a radiation source (120) for directing first, ultraviolet radiation (122) and second, visible radiation (123) toward the sample (106) and causing the sample (106) to produce fluorescent radiation (124) and reflected radiation (125). A sensing subsystem (126) includes an imager (130) for capturing the fluorescent radiation (124) and reflected radiation (125) in an array of pixels (408). A control subsystem (132) includes a processor (136) for controlling the display subsystem (102), the radiation subsystem (114), and the sensing subsystem (126), and for generating a fluorescent and reflected radiation image (400) containing both spectral information and spatial information about the fluorescent radiation (124) and the reflected radiation (125).

The invention belongs to the technical field of micro-nano optics, and discloses a multichannel multiplexing fluorescent display method and device. A metasurface is constructed, a plurality of unit structure arrays with different periods are spatially arranged on the metasurface, and the unidirectional radiation angle of guided wave fluorescence corresponding to each unit structure array is controlled by encoding the period of each unit structure array; by means of numerical aperture limitation of an imaging observation system, analog quantity regulation and control of the super-structure surface on the fluorescence radiation angle is converted into a discrete intensity coding state, a plurality of independently coded target fluorescence images are presented at different observation angles, and multi-channel multiplexing fluorescence display is achieved. According to the invention, multi-channel multiplexing display of fluorescence can be realized, the degree of freedom and flexibility of fluorescence multiplexing are improved, and the requirements of next-generation high-density display and information encryption can be met.

The present invention describes a method for determining compensated measured values ​​of at least two physical quantities using a sensor system. The sensor system comprises at least one sensor element (SE) with crystals containing color centers. Both the first and the second physical quantity act on the sensor element (SE). A computer system (RSYS) controls the method. First, the sensor element (SE) is irradiated with modulated pump radiation (LB). A program code and configuration parameters for implementing a correction method are provided, with these parameters being stored in a memory of the sensor system or the computer system (RSYS). The fluorescence radiation (FL) of the color centers, which is influenced by the physical quantities, is recorded.Fluorescence parameters are determined from the temporal course of the intensity of the fluorescence radiation (FL) and the pump radiation (LB) and are then expressed as vector components of a fluorescence vector (F. v ). A first measured value of the first physical quantity is determined by mapping the fluorescence vectors to a sensor state vector (S z ) is determined using a neural network model (NNM) using configuration parameters determined by a training program. As a result, the first measured value depends only on the first and not on the second physical quantity, resulting in a compensated measured value. This compensated measured value is ultimately output, stored, transmitted, or reused.

In one aspect, a dual-mode capillary electrophoresis system is disclosed, which comprises a plurality of capillaries for receiving a plurality of samples, a UV radiation source for generating UV radiation along a first path, a laser light source for generating laser radiation along a second path, and a galvanometric mirror configured to receive radiation from said UV radiation source along said first path and to receive light from said laser light source along said second path, and to direct said received UV radiation and said laser light onto a common optical path, said galvanometric mirror further being configured to scan said UV radiation and said laser light sequentially over said plurality of capillaries. The system can further include detectors for detecting the UV radiation as well as fluorescent radiation emitted by the samples in response to laser excitation.

The invention relates to an optical system, in particular for microlithography, having at least one optical element (100, 200, 300, 400) that comprises a substrate (105, 205, 305, 405) and at least one optically effective layer system (110, 210, 310, 311, 410) situated on this substrate (105, 205, 305, 405), and at least one monitoring unit (120, 220, 240, 320, 340) for monitoring a degradation state of this layer system (110, 210, 310, 311, 410), wherein the monitoring unit (120, 220, 240, 320, 340) comprises a detector (121, 221, 241, 321, 341) for detecting non-directed radiation (130, 230, 330, 430) that emanates from the optical element (100, 200, 300, 400) during the operation of the optical system, wherein the non-directed radiation (130, 230, 330, 430) detected by the detector comprises fluorescence radiation that is caused or modified in the event of an interaction of the layer system of the optical element with used light pre-sent during the operation of the optical system.

In one aspect, a method of sorting cells in a flow cytometry system is disclosed, which includes illuminating a cell with radiation having at least two optical frequencies shifted from one another by a radiofrequency to elicit fluorescent radiation from the cell, detecting the fluorescent radiation to generate temporal fluorescence data, and processing the temporal fluorescence data to arrive at a sorting decision regarding the cell without generating an image (i.e., a pixel-by-pixel image) of the cell based on the fluorescence data. In other words, while the fluorescence data can contain image data that would allow generating a pixel-by-pixel fluorescence intensity map, the method arrives at the sorting decision without generating such a map. In some cases, the sorting decision can be made with a latency less than about 100 microseconds. In some embodiments, the above method of sorting cells can have a sub-cellular resolution, e.g., the sorting decision can be based on characteristics of a component of the cell. In some embodiments in which more than two frequency-shifted optical frequencies are employed, a single radiofrequency shift is employed to separate the optical frequencies while in other such embodiments a plurality of different radiofrequency shifts are employed.

The invention relates to a measurement arrangement (100) for measuring concentration of gold in a sample (102). The measurement arrangement (100) comprises: a sample container (104a, 104b); an X-ray radiation source unit (106) configured to produce a radiation beam (112); a primary filter (108) arranged between the X-ray radiation source unit (106) and the sample container (104a, 104b) so that the primary filter (108) is in a close vicinity to the sample container (104a, 104b), wherein the primary filter (108) is configured to act as a filter and as a secondary target configured to excite a first fluorescence radiation (114) in response to an irradiation of the primary filter (108) with the radiation beam (112); and a radiation detector unit (110) configured to obtain a second fluorescence radiation (116) being characteristic to gold in response to an irradiation of the sample (102) with the first fluorescence radiation (114), wherein the second fluorescence radiation (116) is obtained from a direction (202) substantially perpendicular to the direction (204) of the maximum intensity of the radiation beam (112). The invention relates also to a method for measuring concentration of gold in a sample (102).

A method for analyzing the material composition of a vehicle tire comprises the following steps: Providing a sample (200) representing a section or the entire vehicle tire. Emitting laser radiation from a laser (300) with a first predetermined wavelength (W1) to excite a first section (201) of the sample (200). Receiving fluorescence radiation from the first section (201) of the sample (200). Measuring the received fluorescence radiation using a sensor device (400). Quantifying and converting the measured fluorescence radiation into digital data. Storing the digital data in a database (500). Classifying the digital data based on the fluorescence radiation and determining the material composition based on the classification.

The invention relates to a magnetic sensor (1) having a microwave source (6) and a sensor plate (2), the sensor plate (2) having a sensor crystal (5) with at least one magneto-optical defect, an excitation light source (3), a detector (7) and at least two permanent magnets (8). The sensor crystal (5) is arranged in such a way that the microwave radiation generated by the microwave source (6) can be absorbed by the at least one magneto-optical defect of the sensor crystal (5). The excitation light source (3) is arranged to emit an excitation light beam (4) and is configured and arranged in such a way that the excitation light beam (4) emitted by the excitation light source (3) can induce emission of fluorescent radiation in the at least one magneto-optical defect of the sensor crystal (5). The detector (7) is designed and arranged in such a way that it detects the emitted fluorescent radiation. The at least two permanent magnets (8) are arranged and arranged in such a way that they generate a uniform, static magnetic field in the sensor crystal (5).

The invention relates to a fluorescence microscopy system comprising a nonlinear optical medium (ML) and comprising: - a laser source (SL) suitable for delivering first laser pulses (IL1) having a first wavelength λ1; - a power optical modulator (MP) suitable for modulating a power of the first laser pulses (IL1) so as to form second laser pulses (IL2) having different optical powers; - said optical medium (MO) being suitable for the second pulses to propagate by undergoing self-focusing within the optical medium so as to define, for each second pulse, a focal point having a longitudinal position in the optical medium that is different from the other second pulses, laser radiation originating from the optical medium and having the second self-focused pulses, referred to as third pulses, being named the output beam (FS); - a microscope (M) suitable for: - collecting a first fluorescence radiation generated via the first wavelength λ1, by illuminating a sample (Ech) with the output beam; then - acquiring, from the first collected fluorescence radiation, at least one image of the sample for each of the third pulses illuminating the sample, each at least one image being associated with a transverse observation plane of the sample that is different from the other images.

The invention relates to a sensor system (NVMS) with quantum dots, which can comprise a paramagnetic center (NV1). The sensor system comprises a control / evaluation device (AWV), which preferably has a first pump radiation source (PL1), a radiation receiver (PD1), and irradiates the quantum dots with pump radiation (LB) by means of the first pump radiation source (PL1) in accordance with a transmission signal (S5). Fluorescent radiation (FL) which depends on a physical parameter is emitted when the quantum dots are irradiated with the pump radiation (LB). The control / evaluation device (AWV) generates a first output signal (out) with a signal component which represents a measured value from the fluorescent radiation (FL). The measured value depends on the value of the physical parameter. The control / evaluation device (AWV) adjusts the sensitivity of the quantum dots to the physical parameter by means of one or more compensation coils (LC) such that the receiver output signal (S0) of the radiation receiver (PD1) no longer has any components of the transmission signal (S5).

The invention relates to an optically controllable switching device having a first and second line section, between which an optically controllable switch (T2) is inserted, and having a sensor element (SE). The optically controllable switch (T2) disconnects or connects depending on an optical switching signal (SB), whether the switch is "on" or "off". The sensor element (SE) comprises a carrier material (TM) with crystals comprising one or more paramagnetic centers (NV). When irradiated with pump radiation (LB), the sensor element (SE) emits fluorescent radiation (FL) which depends on the magnetic flux density B at the location of the sensor element (SE). A line current (I LTG) in the first line section of the line (LTG) generates a magnetic field with a flux density B which, with sufficient current strength, influences the fluorescent radiation (FL) from one or more paramagnetic centers (NV). The optically controllable switching device has first means (LWL1, PL1, LIV) for irradiating the one or more paramagnetic centers (NV) with pump radiation (LB) and second means (LWL2, F1, PD, LIV) for detecting and separating the fluorescent radiation (FL) and for detecting a measured value signal which depends on the intensity of the fluorescent radiation (FL) and / or on the phase shift of the modulation signal of the temporal profile of the intensity of the fluorescent radiation (FL). The optically controllable switching device has third means (LIV) for generating an optical switching signal (SB) and for controlling the state of the optically controllable switch (T2) using this optical switching signal (SB).The optical switching signal (SB) depends on the intensity of the fluorescence radiation (FL) and / or on the phase shift of the modulation signal of the temporal course of the intensity of the fluorescence radiation (FL).

The invention provides a method and a system for collecting fluorescence spectrum data by using ultraviolet light and a medium. The method comprises the following steps: an ultraviolet irradiation step: irradiating a first region by using ultraviolet light with the wavelength of 300-390 nanometers; a signal acquisition step: acquiring a fluorescence radiation signal which contains fluorescence spectrum data and is emitted when the first area is excited, and imaging to obtain an image; a spectral data acquisition step: data acquisition points are selected from the image, gray values of the data acquisition points are substituted into a spectrum reconstruction algorithm, fluorescence spectrum data are obtained through calculation, and the spectral line peak value of the fluorescence spectrum data is between 400 nanometers and 800 nanometers. According to the technical scheme, the wave crests of the spectral data of different analytes can be located in the recognizable range of the imaging spectrum detection equipment.

In one aspect, the present teachings provide a system for performing cytometry that can be operated in three operational modes. In one operational mode, a fluorescence image of a sample is obtained by exciting one or more fluorophore(s) present in the sample by an excitation beam formed as a superposition of a top-hat-shaped beam with a plurality of beams that are radiofrequency shifted relative to one another. In another operational mode, a sample can be illuminated successively over a time interval by a laser beam at a plurality of excitation frequencies in a scanning fashion. In yet another operational mode, the system can be operated to illuminate a plurality of locations of a sample concurrently by a single excitation frequency, which can be generated, e.g., by shifting the central frequency of a laser beam by a radiofrequency. The detected fluorescence radiation can be used to analyze the fluorescence content of the sample, e.g., a cell / particle.

The invention relates to a sensor unit (1) having an optical system (2), an excitation light source (3), a first signal detector (4) and a reference detector (4), the optical system (2) having a lattice (6) with at least one defect, and the excitation light source (3) being configured to emit excitation radiation (7). The optical system (2) and the excitation light source (3) are arranged and cooperate with each other in such a way that a first portion of the excitation radiation causes emission of fluorescent radiation (8) in the lattice (6) and a second portion (10) of the excitation radiation is transmitted or reflected by the optical system (2). The first signal detector (5) is configured to at least partially detect the fluorescent radiation (8), and the reference detector (4) is arranged and configured such that the reference detector can at least partially detect a second portion (10) of the excitation radiation transmitted or reflected by the optical system (2). The invention also relates to a method for operating such a sensor unit (1).

The invention relates to a position sensor for the fluorescence-image-based position sensor system of at least one magnetised body (MK). The position sensor comprises a plurality of sensor elements (SE) which are arranged in one or more sensor element layers (SES). Said sensor element layer (SES) can expressly form a continuum, wherein the sensor elements can form a continuous layer of sensor elements lying directly on one another. Detection takes place via paramagnetic centres (NV), in particular NV centres in diamond crystals, which are excited by pump radiation (LB) to emit fluorescent radiation (FL). The intensities of the fluorescent radiation are optically captured by means of photodetector arrays (LSA). The magnetised body (MK) has magnetically differentiated surface regions and can move in up to six mechanical degrees of freedom. The fluorescence images are used to capture or estimate the position, orientation, curvature or distance of the body (MK) by means of computer- or machine-implemented algorithms. The position sensor is suitable in particular for high-precision position capture, even in the event of minimal movements or at a standstill, for example for applications in electric motors.

The application provides a composite energy transmission layer-based evaporation isotopic battery and a preparation method thereof, relates to the technical field of isotopic batteries, and comprises a radioactive source layer, a semiconductor material layer and a graphene quantum dot composite energy transmission layer arranged between the two layers. The graphene quantum dot composite energy transmission layer is formed by compounding graphene quantum dots and graphene-based materials. The graphene quantum dots generate fluorescent radiation under the excitation of radioactive source radiation. The fluorescent radiation is at least partially absorbed by a semiconductor energy conversion unit formed by the contact between the composite energy transmission layer and the semiconductor material layer, and an electron-hole pair is generated to realize electric energy output. Meanwhile, the semiconductor energy conversion unit can also directly respond to radioactive source radiation to generate an electron-hole pair to realize electric energy output. The application improves the energy utilization efficiency of the evaporation isotopic battery by constructing a composite energy utilization path of radiation energy + light energy-electric energy.

A method of detecting fetal cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) in the breath of the pregnant woman is provided. The method includes condensation of the breath sample to liquefy; selection of the target genome region locus; selection of primers that amplify the selected locus; selection of probes that attach to the replicated locus; introducing the targeted site primers and the breath sample into the PCR cycle and amplifying the targeted locus, if present in the sample; binding the probes specific to the amplified region; detecting the fluorescent radiation with the PCR reader and presenting it as data, if there is a targeted region in the breath sample.

The present invention discloses a high-channel fluorescence radiation differential microscopy imaging method and device, comprising a laser, a beam splitter, a fiber mode selection module, a light field adjustment module, a microscopy module, a detection module, and a control unit. The fiber mode selection module is used to time-share select N hollow excitation light spots and N solid excitation light spots that overlap in spatial position. The N excitation light spots, the light field adjustment module, the microscopy module, and the N detection optical fibers included in the detection module correspond one-to-one to form N independent FED microscopy imaging channels. This method can acquire structural information of a sample to be tested in parallel, thereby improving the imaging speed of the FED.

The invention relates to an optically controllable switch (T2) with a sensor element (SE). The sensor element (SE) comprises a carrier material (TM) with crystals and paramagnetic centers (NV). When irradiated with pump radiation (LB), the sensor element (SE) emits fluorescent radiation (FL) that depends on the magnetic flux density B at the location of the sensor element (SE). A conduction current (I LTG ) in an inner line section (LTG +) generates a magnetic field with a flux density B such that, with sufficient current strength, the fluorescent radiation (FL) influences paramagnetic centers (NV1). Preferably, the optically controllable switch (T2) comprises a microelectronically manufactured semiconductor switch having the electronic switching component. Preferably, the respective sensor element (SE) is a respective microstructured sensor element (SE) on the surface of the microelectronically manufactured semiconductor switch and / or in the metallization stack of the microelectronically manufactured semiconductor switch.