59 results about "Fluorescent radiation" patented technology

The present invention relates to a device for measuring a line current. Said device comprises at least three sensor elements having paramagnetic centres, a pump-radiation source, an optical system, and at least three photodetectors which function as part of receiving systems and are each associated with a sensor element. In addition, the device contains two magnetic field sources which generate different bias magnetic fields for each sensor element. The pump-radiation source emits pump radiation into the optical system, which distributes the pump radiation to the sensor elements and thereby irradiates the paramagnetic centres with the pump radiation. These centres emit fluorescence radiation, the intensity and phase shift of which depend on the AC drive signal of the evaluation and control device and on the magnetic flux density acting upon them. The fluorescence radiation is separated from the pump radiation by the optical system and guided onto the photodetectors. The evaluation and control device generates a single-frequency sinusoidal AC drive signal having a frequency of 22 MHz (-4 MHz / +7 MHz), or within a range of 18 MHz to 29 MHz. The lock-in amplifiers are coupled to the sensor elements and evaluate the output signal of the photodetectors with respect to the AC drive signal in order to produce measurement values. Based on these measurement values, the evaluation and control device determines an estimated value for the magnitude of the line current in the line.

Purely optically controllable switching device for purely optical control of the current flow in a line (LTG), wherein the purely optically controllable switching device comprises a line (LTG) and where one line (LTG) comprises a first line section and wherein one line (LTG) includes a second line section that is different from the first line section and does not overlap, and wherein the purely optically controllable switching device comprises an optically controllable switch (T2) and wherein the purely optically controllable switching device comprises one or more purely optical sensor elements (SE) and wherein the optically controllable switch (T2) is positioned in the line (LTG) between the first line section and the second line section and wherein the optically controllable switch (T2) in an “on” state electrically connects the first line section of the line (LTG) with the second line section of the line (LTG) and wherein the optically controllable switch (T2) in an “off” state electrically separates the first line section of the line (LTG) from the second line section of the line (LTG) and wherein an optical switching signal (SB) determines which of these two states, "On" state or "Off" state, the optically controllable switch (T2) assumes, and wherein the respective purely optical sensor element (SE) of the one or more purely optical sensor elements (SE) comprises a respective carrier material (TM) with respective crystals comprising one or more respective paramagnetic centers (NV), and wherein the respective purely optical sensor element (SE) of the one or more purely optical sensor elements (SE) emits a respective fluorescence radiation (FL) when irradiated with respective pump radiation (LB), which depends on the respective magnetic flux density B at the respective location of the respective purely optical sensor element (SE), and wherein the respective purely optical sensor element (SE) of the one or more purely optical sensor elements (SE) is positioned relative to the first line section such that a line current (I LTG) in the first section of the line (LTG) a magnetic field with a respective flux density B is generated at the respective location of the respective purely optical sensor element (SE), such that, at sufficient current strength, one or more respective paramagnetic centers (NV) of the respective purely optical sensor element (SE) influence the respective fluorescence radiation (FL) of these one or more respective paramagnetic centers (NV) of the respective purely optical sensor element (SE) in a specific respective way with respect to the respective purely optical sensor element (SE), characterized by that the purely optically controllable switching device has first respective means (LWL1, PL1, LIV) assigned to the respective purely optical sensor element (SE) for irradiating the one or more respective paramagnetic centers (NV) of the respective purely optical sensor element (SE) with respective pump radiation and that the purely optically controllable switching device second means (LWL2, F1, PD, LIV) which are assigned to the respective purely optical sensor element (SE), - for detecting and separating the respective fluorescence radiation (FL) of the one or more respective paramagnetic centers (NV) of the respective purely optical sensor element (SE) and - for the acquisition of a respective measurement signal, which depends on the respective intensity of the respective fluorescence radiation (FL) of the respective paramagnetic centers (NV1) of the respective purely optical sensor element (SE) and / or on the respective phase shift Δt of the respective modulation signal of the respective temporal course of the respective intensity of the respective fluorescence radiation (FL) of the respective paramagnetic centers (NV1) of the respective purely optical sensor element (SE) relative to the respective modulation signal of the respective temporal course of the respective intensity of the respective pump radiation (LB) irradiating the respective paramagnetic centers (NV1) of the respective purely optical sensor element (SE), or relative to a signal associated with this respective signal (e.g., respective transmit signal S5) and / or its respective temporal course, - wherein the respective first means and respective second means may comprise common respective device parts (LWL1, LWL2) relating to a respective purely optical sensor element (SE) individually and / or relating to several purely optical sensor elements (SE) depending on the application, and that the purely optically controllable switching device has third means (LIV) to generate an optical switching signal (SB) and to control the state of the optically controllable switch (T2) with this optical switching signal (SB) and that the optical switching signal (SB, SB') is derived from one or more respective intensities of one or more respective fluorescence radiation (FL, FL') of the respective paramagnetic centers (NV1, NV1') of one or more purely optical sensor elements (SE, SE') and / or from one or more respective phase shifts Δt of one or more respective modulation signals of one or more respective time profiles of one or more respective intensities of one or more respective fluorescence radiation (FL, FL') relative to one or more respective modulation signals of one or more respective time profiles of one or more respective intensities of one or more respective pump radiation (LB, LB') or relative to one or more respective signals associated with one or more respective signals (e.g.,depends on the transmission signals S5, S5') and / or their respective temporal progressions.

The invention belongs to the technical field of micro-nano optics, and discloses a multichannel multiplexing fluorescent display method and device. A metasurface is constructed, a plurality of unit structure arrays with different periods are spatially arranged on the metasurface, and the unidirectional radiation angle of guided wave fluorescence corresponding to each unit structure array is controlled by encoding the period of each unit structure array; by means of numerical aperture limitation of an imaging observation system, analog quantity regulation and control of the super-structure surface on the fluorescence radiation angle is converted into a discrete intensity coding state, a plurality of independently coded target fluorescence images are presented at different observation angles, and multi-channel multiplexing fluorescence display is achieved. According to the invention, multi-channel multiplexing display of fluorescence can be realized, the degree of freedom and flexibility of fluorescence multiplexing are improved, and the requirements of next-generation high-density display and information encryption can be met.

In one aspect, a dual-mode capillary electrophoresis system is disclosed, which comprises a plurality of capillaries for receiving a plurality of samples, a UV radiation source for generating UV radiation along a first path, a laser light source for generating laser radiation along a second path, and a galvanometric mirror configured to receive radiation from said UV radiation source along said first path and to receive light from said laser light source along said second path, and to direct said received UV radiation and said laser light onto a common optical path, said galvanometric mirror further being configured to scan said UV radiation and said laser light sequentially over said plurality of capillaries. The system can further include detectors for detecting the UV radiation as well as fluorescent radiation emitted by the samples in response to laser excitation.

The invention relates to an optical system, in particular for microlithography, having at least one optical element (100, 200, 300, 400) that comprises a substrate (105, 205, 305, 405) and at least one optically effective layer system (110, 210, 310, 311, 410) situated on this substrate (105, 205, 305, 405), and at least one monitoring unit (120, 220, 240, 320, 340) for monitoring a degradation state of this layer system (110, 210, 310, 311, 410), wherein the monitoring unit (120, 220, 240, 320, 340) comprises a detector (121, 221, 241, 321, 341) for detecting non-directed radiation (130, 230, 330, 430) that emanates from the optical element (100, 200, 300, 400) during the operation of the optical system, wherein the non-directed radiation (130, 230, 330, 430) detected by the detector comprises fluorescence radiation that is caused or modified in the event of an interaction of the layer system of the optical element with used light pre-sent during the operation of the optical system.

The invention relates to a measurement arrangement (100) for measuring concentration of gold in a sample (102). The measurement arrangement (100) comprises: a sample container (104a, 104b); an X-ray radiation source unit (106) configured to produce a radiation beam (112); a primary filter (108) arranged between the X-ray radiation source unit (106) and the sample container (104a, 104b) so that the primary filter (108) is in a close vicinity to the sample container (104a, 104b), wherein the primary filter (108) is configured to act as a filter and as a secondary target configured to excite a first fluorescence radiation (114) in response to an irradiation of the primary filter (108) with the radiation beam (112); and a radiation detector unit (110) configured to obtain a second fluorescence radiation (116) being characteristic to gold in response to an irradiation of the sample (102) with the first fluorescence radiation (114), wherein the second fluorescence radiation (116) is obtained from a direction (202) substantially perpendicular to the direction (204) of the maximum intensity of the radiation beam (112). The invention relates also to a method for measuring concentration of gold in a sample (102).

A method for analyzing the material composition of a vehicle tire comprises the following steps: Providing a sample (200) representing a section or the entire vehicle tire. Emitting laser radiation from a laser (300) with a first predetermined wavelength (W1) to excite a first section (201) of the sample (200). Receiving fluorescence radiation from the first section (201) of the sample (200). Measuring the received fluorescence radiation using a sensor device (400). Quantifying and converting the measured fluorescence radiation into digital data. Storing the digital data in a database (500). Classifying the digital data based on the fluorescence radiation and determining the material composition based on the classification.

The invention relates to a magnetic sensor (1) having a microwave source (6) and a sensor plate (2), the sensor plate (2) having a sensor crystal (5) with at least one magneto-optical defect, an excitation light source (3), a detector (7) and at least two permanent magnets (8). The sensor crystal (5) is arranged in such a way that the microwave radiation generated by the microwave source (6) can be absorbed by the at least one magneto-optical defect of the sensor crystal (5). The excitation light source (3) is arranged to emit an excitation light beam (4) and is configured and arranged in such a way that the excitation light beam (4) emitted by the excitation light source (3) can induce emission of fluorescent radiation in the at least one magneto-optical defect of the sensor crystal (5). The detector (7) is designed and arranged in such a way that it detects the emitted fluorescent radiation. The at least two permanent magnets (8) are arranged and arranged in such a way that they generate a uniform, static magnetic field in the sensor crystal (5).

The invention relates to a fluorescence microscopy system comprising a nonlinear optical medium (ML) and comprising: - a laser source (SL) suitable for delivering first laser pulses (IL1) having a first wavelength λ1; - a power optical modulator (MP) suitable for modulating a power of the first laser pulses (IL1) so as to form second laser pulses (IL2) having different optical powers; - said optical medium (MO) being suitable for the second pulses to propagate by undergoing self-focusing within the optical medium so as to define, for each second pulse, a focal point having a longitudinal position in the optical medium that is different from the other second pulses, laser radiation originating from the optical medium and having the second self-focused pulses, referred to as third pulses, being named the output beam (FS); - a microscope (M) suitable for: - collecting a first fluorescence radiation generated via the first wavelength λ1, by illuminating a sample (Ech) with the output beam; then - acquiring, from the first collected fluorescence radiation, at least one image of the sample for each of the third pulses illuminating the sample, each at least one image being associated with a transverse observation plane of the sample that is different from the other images.

The invention relates to a sensor system (NVMS) with quantum dots, which can comprise a paramagnetic center (NV1). The sensor system comprises a control / evaluation device (AWV), which preferably has a first pump radiation source (PL1), a radiation receiver (PD1), and irradiates the quantum dots with pump radiation (LB) by means of the first pump radiation source (PL1) in accordance with a transmission signal (S5). Fluorescent radiation (FL) which depends on a physical parameter is emitted when the quantum dots are irradiated with the pump radiation (LB). The control / evaluation device (AWV) generates a first output signal (out) with a signal component which represents a measured value from the fluorescent radiation (FL). The measured value depends on the value of the physical parameter. The control / evaluation device (AWV) adjusts the sensitivity of the quantum dots to the physical parameter by means of one or more compensation coils (LC) such that the receiver output signal (S0) of the radiation receiver (PD1) no longer has any components of the transmission signal (S5).

The invention provides a method and a system for collecting fluorescence spectrum data by using ultraviolet light and a medium. The method comprises the following steps: an ultraviolet irradiation step: irradiating a first region by using ultraviolet light with the wavelength of 300-390 nanometers; a signal acquisition step: acquiring a fluorescence radiation signal which contains fluorescence spectrum data and is emitted when the first area is excited, and imaging to obtain an image; a spectral data acquisition step: data acquisition points are selected from the image, gray values of the data acquisition points are substituted into a spectrum reconstruction algorithm, fluorescence spectrum data are obtained through calculation, and the spectral line peak value of the fluorescence spectrum data is between 400 nanometers and 800 nanometers. According to the technical scheme, the wave crests of the spectral data of different analytes can be located in the recognizable range of the imaging spectrum detection equipment.

In one aspect, the present teachings provide a system for performing cytometry that can be operated in three operational modes. In one operational mode, a fluorescence image of a sample is obtained by exciting one or more fluorophore(s) present in the sample by an excitation beam formed as a superposition of a top-hat-shaped beam with a plurality of beams that are radiofrequency shifted relative to one another. In another operational mode, a sample can be illuminated successively over a time interval by a laser beam at a plurality of excitation frequencies in a scanning fashion. In yet another operational mode, the system can be operated to illuminate a plurality of locations of a sample concurrently by a single excitation frequency, which can be generated, e.g., by shifting the central frequency of a laser beam by a radiofrequency. The detected fluorescence radiation can be used to analyze the fluorescence content of the sample, e.g., a cell / particle.

The invention relates to a sensor unit (1) having an optical system (2), an excitation light source (3), a first signal detector (4) and a reference detector (4), the optical system (2) having a lattice (6) with at least one defect, and the excitation light source (3) being configured to emit excitation radiation (7). The optical system (2) and the excitation light source (3) are arranged and cooperate with each other in such a way that a first portion of the excitation radiation causes emission of fluorescent radiation (8) in the lattice (6) and a second portion (10) of the excitation radiation is transmitted or reflected by the optical system (2). The first signal detector (5) is configured to at least partially detect the fluorescent radiation (8), and the reference detector (4) is arranged and configured such that the reference detector can at least partially detect a second portion (10) of the excitation radiation transmitted or reflected by the optical system (2). The invention also relates to a method for operating such a sensor unit (1).

The invention relates to a position sensor for the fluorescence-image-based position sensor system of at least one magnetised body (MK). The position sensor comprises a plurality of sensor elements (SE) which are arranged in one or more sensor element layers (SES). Said sensor element layer (SES) can expressly form a continuum, wherein the sensor elements can form a continuous layer of sensor elements lying directly on one another. Detection takes place via paramagnetic centres (NV), in particular NV centres in diamond crystals, which are excited by pump radiation (LB) to emit fluorescent radiation (FL). The intensities of the fluorescent radiation are optically captured by means of photodetector arrays (LSA). The magnetised body (MK) has magnetically differentiated surface regions and can move in up to six mechanical degrees of freedom. The fluorescence images are used to capture or estimate the position, orientation, curvature or distance of the body (MK) by means of computer- or machine-implemented algorithms. The position sensor is suitable in particular for high-precision position capture, even in the event of minimal movements or at a standstill, for example for applications in electric motors.

The application provides a composite energy transmission layer-based evaporation isotopic battery and a preparation method thereof, relates to the technical field of isotopic batteries, and comprises a radioactive source layer, a semiconductor material layer and a graphene quantum dot composite energy transmission layer arranged between the two layers. The graphene quantum dot composite energy transmission layer is formed by compounding graphene quantum dots and graphene-based materials. The graphene quantum dots generate fluorescent radiation under the excitation of radioactive source radiation. The fluorescent radiation is at least partially absorbed by a semiconductor energy conversion unit formed by the contact between the composite energy transmission layer and the semiconductor material layer, and an electron-hole pair is generated to realize electric energy output. Meanwhile, the semiconductor energy conversion unit can also directly respond to radioactive source radiation to generate an electron-hole pair to realize electric energy output. The application improves the energy utilization efficiency of the evaporation isotopic battery by constructing a composite energy utilization path of radiation energy + light energy-electric energy.

A method of detecting fetal cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) in the breath of the pregnant woman is provided. The method includes condensation of the breath sample to liquefy; selection of the target genome region locus; selection of primers that amplify the selected locus; selection of probes that attach to the replicated locus; introducing the targeted site primers and the breath sample into the PCR cycle and amplifying the targeted locus, if present in the sample; binding the probes specific to the amplified region; detecting the fluorescent radiation with the PCR reader and presenting it as data, if there is a targeted region in the breath sample.

The invention relates to a magnetic field sensor (1) with an NV diamond (2), an excitation light source (3) configured to emit an excitation beam (4) for exciting electronic states of the NV diamond (2), and arranged such that the excitation beam (4) emitted by it can generate an electric field within the NV diamond (2), a detector (5) arranged and configured to detect fluorescence radiation that the NV diamond (2) can emit as a result of irradiation with the excitation radiation (4), a microwave structure (6) arranged and configured to generate a microwave field within the NV diamond (2) for manipulating spin states of the NV diamond (2), a magnetic field generating device (7) configured to generate an internal, static magnetic field within the NV diamond (2), and comprising at least one permanent magnet (8), and a hood (10). and a base plate (11),which are arranged to form a closed chamber (12). The NV diamond (2), the excitation light source (3), the detector (5), and the microwave structure (6) are arranged within the closed chamber (12). The hood (10) has at least one recess (13) for receiving the at least one permanent magnet (8, 9).

The present invention provides a method and a system for collecting a fluorescence spectrum of an analyte, and a medium, and a device, which relate to the field of optical analysis. The method includes: irradiating and imaging a first area by infrared light to obtain a first image; dividing the first area into a testing point candidate area and a reference point candidate area based on grayscale distribution indicates uneven distribution of the analyte; irradiating and imaging the first area by ultraviolet light based on an excited fluorescent radiation signal, to obtain a second image; and based on a grayscale value selecting a testing point from the testing point candidate area, and collecting fluorescence spectral data of the testing point; and selecting a reference point from the reference point candidate area and collecting fluorescence spectral data of the reference point.

A spectrometer apparatus (110) and method of obtaining spectroscopy information about at least one object (112) are disclosed. The spectrometer device (110) comprises: i. At least one light source (114) for generating illumination light (116) for illuminating the object (112), the light source (114) comprising at least one light emitting diode (118) and at least one luminescent material (120) for converting primary light generated by the light emitting diode (118) into secondary light, the illumination light (116) comprises, at least in part, the primary light and the secondary light; ii. At least one broadband detector (128) for detecting detection light (130) from the object (112) within a spectral range comprising, at least in part, a spectral range of the primary light and the secondary light, the broadband detector (128) is configured to generate at least one primary detector signal upon detection of the detection light (130) within the spectral range of the primary light, where the broadband detector (128) is further configured to generate at least one secondary detector signal upon detection of the detection light (130) within the spectral range of the secondary light; and iii. At least one evaluation unit (136) for evaluating the primary detector signal and the secondary detector signal generated by the broadband detector (128) for determining temperature information (137) about the light source (114) from one of the primary detector signal or the secondary detector signal, and for deriving spectroscopy information about the object (112) from the other of the primary detector signal or the secondary detector signal by taking into account temperature information (137) about the light source (114).

The invention relates to a method for determining a contamination (1) of components for electrochemical cells, in particular components for water electrolysis, by means of fluorescence. The method comprises (S1) providing a component sample (2) for measuring the contamination, (S2) exciting the component sample (2) with fluorescence radiation, (S3) detecting the fluorescence generated by the excitation, and (S4) inferring an amount of contamination (1) of the component sample (2) from a recorded fluorescence signal (3), wherein a signal strength of the recorded fluorescence signal (3) is correlated with a correlation parameter (s) in order to verify the purity of the component sample (2). The invention further relates to the use of a fluorescence measurement and to a corresponding measuring device (20) for carrying out the method.

The present invention provides a method and system for target positioning analysis, a medium, and a device. The method includes: irradiating and imaging a first area of a body surface by infrared light, to obtain a first image of an imaging area; dividing the imaging area into different grayscale areas; selecting a grayscale area whose grayscale value meets preset requirements as an area in which a blood vessel is located; selecting, from an edge of the area in which the blood vessel is located, a grayscale area as an area in which skin is located; and irradiating the area in which the blood vessel is located and the area in which the skin is located, and respectively collecting fluorescence radiation signals excited in the area in which the blood vessel is located and the area in which the skin is located.

An FCS method, in which a sample that is to be measured and has fluorescent markers, illuminates the sample with excitation radiation over a bleaching time in order to bleach selected fluorescent markers. After bleaching has been carried out over at least one measurement period, FCS measurement data of the sample are acquired by illuminating the sample with excitation radiation and by detecting detection radiation brought about by the excitation radiation. During the bleaching time, intensity values of fluorescence radiation that has been brought about by the excitation radiation which is directed at the sample for bleaching purposes are continuously or repeatedly acquired and compared with a threshold value, and the acquisition of the FCS measurement data is started when the threshold value has been reached.

The invention relates to a magnetic field sensor (1) having an NV diamond (2), an excitation light source (3), which is designed to emit an excitation beam (4) for exciting electronic states of the NV diamond (2) and which is arranged such that the excitation beam (4) emitted thereby can generate an electric field within the NV diamond (2), a detector (5), which is arranged and designed to detect fluorescence radiation which the NV diamond (2) can emit as a result of irradiation with the excitation radiation (4), a microwave structure (6), which is arranged and designed to generate a microwave field within the NV diamond (2) in order to manipulate spin states of the NV diamond (2), a magnetic field generating device (7), which is designed to generate an internal, static magnetic field within the NV diamond (2) and which comprises at least one permanent magnet (8), and a hood (10) and a base plate (11), which are arranged such that they form a closed chamber (12). The NV diamond (2), the excitation light source (3), the detector (5) and the microwave structure (6) are arranged within the closed chamber (12). The hood (10) has at least one recess (13) for receiving the at least one permanent magnet (8, 9).

A method for optimizing parameters of a physical light propagation model. The method includes making available a physical model of a light propagation in an optical system, radiating an input-light distribution into an excitation path of the optical system using an illumination unit, passing the input light distribution through a scattering body, wherein the scattering body is placed in the excitation path of the optical system so that the input-light distribution is changed to a reflection-light distribution, recording the reflection-light distribution, transferring the recorded reflection-light distribution to the physical model, and calculating distortion parameters of the physical model based on the reflection-light distribution. The distortion parameters characterize the scattering body. The reflection-light distribution is at least partially reflected as fluorescence radiation by a fluorescence-capable body within the scattering body.

A spectrometer apparatus (110) and method of obtaining spectroscopy information about at least one object (112) are disclosed. The spectrometer device (110) comprises: i. At least one light source (114) for generating illumination light (116) for illuminating the object (112), the light source (114) comprising at least one light emitting diode (118) and at least one luminescent material (120) for converting primary light generated by the light emitting diode (118) into secondary light, the illumination light (116) comprises, at least in part, the primary light and the secondary light; ii. At least one broadband detector (128) for detecting detection light (130) from the object (112) within a spectral range comprising, at least in part, a spectral range of the primary light and the secondary light, the broadband detector (128) is configured to generate at least one primary detector signal upon detection of the detection light (130) within the spectral range of the primary light, where the broadband detector (128) is further configured to generate at least one secondary detector signal upon detection of the detection light (130) within the spectral range of the secondary light; and iii. At least one evaluation unit (136) for evaluating at least one of the primary detector signal and the secondary detector signal generated by the broadband detector (128) and for determining spectroscopy information about the object (112) from the at least one of the primary detector signal and the secondary detector signal.

The invention relates to a magnetometer (1) for detecting a magnetic field, comprising an excitation light source (2), which is designed to emit an excitation beam (3), a sensor crystal (4), which has at least one magneto-optical defect, and a device (8) for generating a microwave field. The sensor crystal (4), the device (9) for generating the microwave field and the excitation light source (2) are designed and arranged relative to one another, the excitation light source (2) is arranged in the sensor crystal (4) in such a way that an excitation light beam (3) emitted by the excitation light source (2) causes emission of fluorescent radiation in at least one magneto-optical defect of the sensor crystal (4) and the microwave field can be detected in the sensor crystal (4), and furthermore, the magnetometer (1) has a detector (5) which is designed and arranged such that the detector (5) emits fluorescent radiation in the sensor crystal (4) and at least two permanent magnets (6), the sensor crystal (4) has a detector and a permanent magnet, which are arranged and designed such that the detector detects the emitted fluorescent radiation, in such a way that the permanent magnet generates an at least approximately uniform static magnetic field in the sensor crystal (4). The sensor crystal (4) and the at least two permanent magnets (6) are arranged on a common positioning element (7).

The present invention provides a method and system for collecting fluorescence spectral data by ultraviolet light, and a medium. The method includes: ultraviolet light irradiation: irradiating a first area by the ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 300-390 nm; signal collection: obtaining a fluorescence radiation signal that comprises the fluorescence spectral data and that is emitted by the first area when excited, and performing imaging, to obtain an image; and spectral data collection: selecting a data collection point from the image, substituting a grayscale value of the data collection point into a spectrum reconstruction algorithm, and obtaining the fluorescence spectral data through calculation, where a peak value of a spectral line of the fluorescence spectral data is within 400-800 nm. According to the technical solution in this application, peaks of spectral data of different analytes can be kept within a recognizable range of an imaging spectral detection apparatus.

A method that includes performing a plurality of measurement sessions associated with different delay values, a measurement session includes (a) illuminating a region of a sample with radiation pulses that result is a generation of fluorescence pulses; wherein a radiation pulse forms a 2D spot on the region; detecting fluorescence radiation, by a 2D detector of a sensing unit, during detection windows that start at a given delay value from starts of the radiation pulses; wherein each detection window has a duration that (i) exceeds a duration of the fluorescence pulse, and (ii) does not exceed a time difference between adjacent radiation pulses; (b) aggregating, by the sensing unit, detection signals obtained during the detection windows that start at the given delay value from starts of the radiation pulses; and (c) determining decay information based of the detected radiation.

The present application relates to the field of new material detection, and discloses a kind of surface opening defect fluorescence imaging nondestructive evaluation process, comprising: determining the permeation process parameter, flushing the surface of the workpiece to be measured and real-time collection fluorescence radiation intensity, according to the slope of the change of fluorescence intensity with the change of washing time to determine the washing stop timing, monitor the dynamic growth of fluorescence radiation intensity after applying developer, when the intensity growth meets the preset stability criterion continuously, determine the exudation stable state and generate a trigger signal, open white light environment to identify defects, the evaluation driving force is reconstructed from the conventional clock cycle to the interface physical state evolution, the equilibrium characteristics of the elution of penetrant and capillary exudation kinetics are used to capture the process inflection point, the background fluorescence interference is inhibited and the defect signal is retained, the defect miss detection and halo contradiction produced by fixed time limit are eliminated, and the physical reproducibility of large batch workpiece detection is improved.

Housings (DE, WA, BO, LF1 to LF6) with a sensor system (IC, PL, PD1, BD1 to BD3, NV1, F1) and / or quantum technology system, which is hereinafter also referred to simply as a sensor system (IC, PL, PD1, BD1 to BD3, NV1, F1), wherein the housing (DE, WA, BO, LF1 to LF6) has a cavity (CAV) and wherein the housing (DE, WA, BO, LF1 to LF6) comprises a premolded open-cavity housing (WA, BO, LF1 to LF6) and wherein the sensor system (IC, PL, PD1, BD1 to BD3, NV1, F1) comprises a paramagnetic center (NV1) in the material of a sensor element and / or quantum technology device element that is part of the sensor system and wherein the sensor system (IC, PL, PD1, BD1 to BD3, NV1, F1) includes a receiver (PD1) and wherein the sensor system (IC, PL, PD1, BD1 to BD3, NV1, F1) comprises an integrated circuit (IC) and an evaluation circuit (M1, TP, M2, G) for generating an output signal (out) and wherein the sensor system (IC, PL, PD1, BD1 to BD3, NV1, F1) comprises a source (PL1) for excitation radiation (LB, LB1a, LB1b), in particular an LED (PL1), and wherein the sensor element with the paramagnetic center (NV1) is located in the cavity (CAV) of the housing (DE, WA, BO, LF1 to LF6) and wherein the receiver (PD1) is located in the cavity (CAV) of the housing (DE, WA, BO, LF1 to LF6) and wherein the source (PL1) for excitation radiation (LB, LB1a, LB1b) is located in the cavity (CAV) of the housing (DE, WA, BO, LF1 to LF6) and wherein the circuit (IC) is located in the cavity (CAV) of the package (DE, WA, BO, LF1 to LF6) and wherein the excitation radiation (LB, LB1a, LB1b) of the source (PL1) for excitation radiation (LB, LB1a, LB1b) causes the paramagnetic center (NV1) to emit fluorescence radiation (FL) and wherein this emission of this modulated fluorescence radiation (FL) depends on the magnetic flux at the location of the paramagnetic center (NV1) in the material of the sensor element and on the modulation of the incoming excitation radiation (LB, LB1a, LB1b) and wherein the housing (DE, WA, BO, LF1 to LF6) includes means (RE), - which direct the excitation radiation (LB, LB1a, LB1b) of the source (PL1) onto the paramagnetic center (NV1) and thus couple the source (PL1) for excitation radiation (LB, LB1a, LB1b), in particular the LED (PL1), with the paramagnetic center (NV1) inside the housing (DE, WA, BO, LF1 to LF6) and wherein the housing (DE, WA, BO, LF1 to LF6) includes a first filter (F1) which is an optical filter, and wherein the first filter (F1) is transparent to the fluorescence radiation (FL) of the paramagnetic center (NV1) in the material of the sensor element and where the first filter (F1) is not transparent to the excitation light of the source (PL1) for excitation radiation (LB, LB1a, LB1b) and wherein the receiver (PD1) receives and processes fluorescence radiation (FL) from the paramagnetic center (NV1) and wherein the receiver (PD1) together with the first filter (F1) forms a receiver which is essentially sensitive only to the fluorescence radiation (FL) of the paramagnetic center (NV1) in the material of the sensor element and is essentially not sensitive to the excitation radiation (LB, LB1a, LB1b) of the LED (PL1), and wherein the receiver (PD1) converts the detected fluorescence radiation (FL) into a received signal (S0) and wherein the sensor system is configured to generate a reduced received signal (S1) from the received signal (S0) by subtracting a feedback signal (S6) from the received signal (S0) by means of electrical feedback, or to generate the reduced received signal (S1) by means of optical compensation by irradiating a compensation LED (PLK) into the receiver (PD1), wherein the operation of the compensation LED (PLK) depends on the feedback signal (S6), and wherein the circuit (IC) and the evaluation circuit (M1, TP, M2, G) form a filter output signal (S4) from the reduced received signal (S1) and wherein the sensor system is configured to generate the feedback signal (S6) from the filter output signal (S4) and the transmit signal (S5), and where the filter output signal (S4) is then a measure of the amplitude of the fluorescence radiation (FL) reaching the receiver (PD1) and where the filter output signal (S4) is the output signal (out).