290 results about "Artificial surface" patented technology

Natural joint interfaces wear out and / or are damaged causing pain and disability. They can be currently replaced by artificial surfaces made of materials or in the near future by magnetic fields. They would benefit from a PVES (paramagnetic visco-viscoelastic supplement) that can replace or augment natural joint interfaces or augment total joint replacements. Joint replacement components can be modular and would benefit from a PVES to decrease wear and damp impact between modular parts of a single component. The PVES is a dynamic interface allowing components to be less rigid. Energy transmission is reduced. PVES can act as an interface between natural damaged joint surfaces obviating the need for classic total joint replacement or between the surfaces of artificial joint components to improve or supplement their function. These PVES can be controlled by magnetic fields with respect to their location, physical properties, loads, etc. PVES are typically made of paramagnetic ions and a substrate molecule. One such PVES can be made of gadolinium ions and hyaluronic acid to form gadolinium hyaluronate.

The invention discloses a waveguide structure based on an artificial surface plasmon device. The waveguide structure comprises a dielectric layer, a first metal sheet and a second metal sheet, the first metal sheet and the second metal sheet are oppositely and fixedly connected on two sides of the dielectric layer, periodically arranged grooves are formed in the first metal sheet and the second metal sheet respectively, the depths of the grooves positioned in the middles of the metal sheets are equal, and the depths of the grooves positioned in two ends of each metal sheet are gradually increased from the end to the middle respectively until the depths are equal to the depths of the grooves positioned in the middles of the metal sheets. Novel artificial surface plasmon units are specifically arranged to form the waveguide structure, a curved surface arch circuit is conveniently manufactured, and the waveguide structure has a high practical value. The invention further provides an amplifier of the waveguide structure based on the artificial surface plasmon device, and the amplifier can amplify an artificial surface plasmon wave in a wide frequency band.

The invention discloses an ultra-wideband artificial surface Plasmon low-pass filter which is mainly formed by a dielectric substrate layer and metallic foil layers printed on the both side surfaces of the dielectric substrate layer. Waveguide structures are engraved on the metallic foil layers. Each waveguide structure is formed by a middle surface Plasmon waveguide portion, symmetric microstrip line portions at both ends, and two transition portions. The ultra-wideband artificial surface Plasmon low-pass filter may achieve effective transmission of artificial surface Plasmon waveguide, and has symmetric structure, easy processing, compact size, a ultra-wide band and high filtering performance, and is especially suitable for being used in cooperation with a conventional microwave or terahertz transmission line.

The invention discloses a fixed frequency beam scanning leaky-wave antenna and a beam scanning method thereof. The antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, a metal strip and a metal floorboard positioned on front and back surfaces of the dielectric substrate, and a plurality of variable capacitance diode positioned on the front surface of the dielectric substrate, wherein the metal strip comprises a set of arc-shaped gradient microstrip structures and an artificial surface plasmon structure positioned between the gradient microstrip structures; the artificial surface plasmon structure comprises transition sections connected with the gradient microstrip structures and a plurality of groove units with periodically changed groove depth positioned between the transition sections; and the metal strip is connected with the metal floorboard via the variable capacitance diode and through holes. According to the antenna and the beam scanning method thereof provided by the invention, modulation on average surface impedance is achieved by adjusting the capacitance value of the variable capacitance diode, and fixed frequency beam scanning can be achieved along with the change of voltage; in addition, the antenna is simple to manufacture, convenient to operate and prone to integrate; and only a photoetching step is needed, so that cost is saved, machining errors caused by a multi-layer structure are avoided.

The invention discloses a digital programmable super surface. The digital programmable super surface is composed of a digital control unit and a controlled artificial electromagnetic surface, wherein the artificial electromagnetic surface is formed by artificial unit structures periodically arrayed, a switching diode is integrated in each artificial unit structure, the artificial unit structures can present two different electromagnetic characteristics under two different bias voltages, and namely each unit structure can be switched between two electromagnetic states in real time. The switching is realized through the bias voltages provided by the digital control part, the different bias voltages can be provided for the different unit structures, the artificial surface can achieve different electromagnetic functions, and each function corresponds to a set of control codes of the digital control unit. The digital programmable super surface has the advantages of being simple in design process, flexible, easy and convenient to use, and easy to machine and has important application prospects in high-performance antennas and the aspect of reducing a radar scattering cross section.

The present invention provides compositions and methods for the control and management of wildlife populations (including domesticated animals) and pests such as rodents, birds including geese, deer and other herbivores such as rabbits, ground hogs, raccoons, moose and elk, tunneling animals such as moles, voles and gophers and insects, carnivores and other organisms such as predators. Specifically provided are FIFRA exemption-based formulations which may be applied to natural or artificial surfaces.

The present invention provides compositions and methods for the control and management of wildlife populations (including domesticated animals) and pests such as birds including geese, deer and other herbivore such as rabbits, ground hogs, raccoons, moose and elk, tunneling animals such as moles, voles and gophers and insects, carnivores and other organisms. Specifically provided are geraniol oil-based formulations which may be applied to natural or artificial surfaces. Also provided are pest control systems incorporating the use of repellent or attractant formulations.

The invention discloses a transmission line, a leaky-wave antenna multiplexing device and a beam scanning method thereof. The device comprises a dielectric substrate, a metal strip and a metal floorboard positioned on the front and back surfaces of the dielectric substrate, and periodically alternatively arranged capacitors and variable capacitance diodes for connecting the metal floorboard and the metal strip via the through holes. The metal strip comprises gradient microstrip line structures at two ends and an artificial surface plasmon structure positioned therebetween. When the capacitance value of the variable capacitance diode is identical with that of the fixed capacitor, the surface impedance of the device is identical, and thus the function of the transmission line is achieved; when the capacitance value of the variable capacitance diode is not identical with that of the fixed capacitor, the surface impedance of the device is periodically modulated, and thus the radiation function of the leaky-wave antenna is achieved. Voltage is used as a regulation means, and fixed frequency beam scanning can be achieved along with the change of the voltage; the device is simple to manufacture, convenient to operate and prone to integrate; only a photoetching step is needed, so that cost is saved, and machining errors caused by a multi-layer structure are avoided.

The invention provides an ultra-thin ultra-wideband linearly polarized electromagnetic wave polarization conversion unit structure, which is formed by a three-layer structure and comprises an artificial surface electromagnetic structure on an uppermost layer, a medium on an intermediate layer and a metal plate on a bottom layer. Through designing the artificial surface electromagnetic structure, a plurality of plasma resonant cavities are achieved and an incident electromagnetic wave can be efficiently polarized and converted into a cross-polarized reflected wave. The ultra-thin ultra-wideband linearly polarized electromagnetic wave polarization conversion unit has a series of advantages of a periodic structure property, a compact size, a broadband, high conversion efficiency, simplicity in structure, a relatively small thickness and wide application, and is easily combined with a traditional device.

The present invention provides compositions and methods for the control and management of wildlife populations (including domesticated animals) and pests such as rodents, birds including geese, deer and other herbivores such as rabbits, ground hogs, raccoons, moose and elk, tunneling animals such as moles, voles and gophers and insects, carnivores and other organisms such as predators. Specifically provided are FIFRA exemption-based formulations which may be applied to natural or artificial surfaces.

The invention discloses a method for obtaining three-dimensional graphics data of cultural relics, comprising the following steps: obtaining three-dimensional coordinate value information, reflection intensity information, and scene image data information of each scanning point of cultural relics through ground laser radar; Eliminate error information and redundant information, obtain homogenized data through sampling and interpolation; construct a triangulation model based on the above homogenization data, and map reflection intensity information and scene image data information to the triangulation model to generate Color model of 3D graphic data information. In the method for obtaining three-dimensional graphic data of cultural relics described in the present invention, laser radar technology can be used to directly obtain three-dimensional data on the surface of cultural relics without contact, and real three-dimensional data of cultural relics can be obtained without damaging cultural relics. cracks, deformation of cultural relics and other information, and has an absolute advantage in obtaining large amounts of data.

The invention provides a compact closed loop resonator based on artificial surface plasmon. The resonator comprises a circular loop 1 and a metal grating 2, wherein the metal grating 2 is arranged on the circular loop 1; one end of the metal grating 2 is connected with an inner circle of the circular loop 1; the other end of the metal grating 2 extends certain length to a circle center; and a circular gap is reserved around the circle center. Frequency points, strength and Q values of resonance modes can be adjusted by changing structural parameters of the circular loop 1 and the metal grating 2. The resonator is small in size, high in resonance strength, high in sensitivity, high in resonance quality factor, simple in structure and easy to process, and can operate at terahertz, microwave and millimeter wave frequency bands by uniform scaling.

The present invention relates to a sewage treatment combined wet land system and its sewage treatment process. Said sewage treatment combined wet land system includes biological regulation pool, aerobic degradation and microbial culture pool, artificial underflow wet land unit and artificial surface flow wet land unit, and its sewage treatment process includes the measures of natural precipitation, biological absorption, degradation and conversion, aeration reaction and others so as to make the sewage obtain purification treatment.

Disclosed herein is a method of roughening a ceramic surface by forming mechanical interlocks in the ceramic surface by a chemical etching process, a thermal etching process, or a laser micromachining process. Also disclosed herein are components for use in semiconductor processing chambers (in particular, a deposition ring for use in a PVD chamber) which have at least one ceramic surface having mechanical interlocks formed therein by chemical etching, thermal etching, or laser micromachining. Ceramic surfaces which have been roughened according to the chemical etching, thermal etching, or laser micromachining process of the invention are less brittle and damaged than ceramic surfaces which are roughened using conventional grit blasting techniques. The method of the invention results in a roughened ceramic surface which provides good adherence to an overlying sacrificial layer (such as aluminum).

The invention provides an ultra wide band plasma filter provided with an artificial surface. The ultra wide band plasma filter comprises a coaxial waveguide of which the two ends are symmetrical, a transitional waveguide from the coaxial waveguide to a cylindrical plasma waveguide, and the intermediate cylindrical plasma waveguide, wherein the transitional waveguide comprises an inner conductor transition and an outer conductor transition; the inner conductor transition is realized through a periodic ring-shaped groove array of which the radius and the depth change simultaneously; the outer conductor transition is realized through a horn antenna of which the opening changes gradually as a curve changes; the cylindrical plasma waveguide consists of the periodic ring-shaped groove array of which the radius and the depth are constant. The ultra wide band plasma filter provided by the invention has an open symmetrical structure, the compact size, the wide band, a high performance and a simple structure, is especially suitable for being used with a traditional microwave or a terahertz transmission line in a matching manner, can be used as the novel wide band plasma filter, and provides a fire-new thought and scheme for the design and the application of the filter.

The invention discloses an artificial surface plasmon based same-frequency double-frequency dual-circularly-polarized leaky-wave antenna. The artificial surface plasmon based same-frequency double-frequency dual-circularly-polarized leaky-wave antenna comprises a medium substrate, a metal strip which covers the upper surface of the medium substrate and a metal floor plate which covers the lower surface of the medium substrate; the metal strip comprises co-surface waveguide matching structures at two ends and an artificial surface Plasmon structure in the middle; the artificial surface Plasmon structure comprises two sidebands respectively at the upside and the downside; each sideband comprises multiple artificial surface plasmon structures distributed according to a modulation period; groove unit structures between the upper and lower sidebands form an angle of 90 degrees; and the upper and lower sidebands are staggered symmetrically. The invention is a double-port leaky-wave antenna; different radiation modes are generated when feeding is carried out at different ports; dual-mode circular polarization can be realized within 8.6-9.0 GHz; mono-mode circular polarization can be realized with in 9.0 GHZ-10.5 GHz; and the artificial surface plasmon based same-frequency double-frequency dual-circularly-polarized leaky-wave antenna is simple to manufacture and convenient to operate, and has very high application foreground.

The invention discloses an artificial surface plasmon-based annular resonator. The artificial surface plasmon-based annular resonator is simple in structure and consists of metal units which are arranged periodically, wherein the thickness of each metal unit is far less than the operating wavelength, and the transmission of surface waves can be bound in the depth sub-wavelength size on the periphery of a metal strip to realize the high-efficiency transmission of energy. The surface plasmon on a straight waveguide can be coupled to a ring for transmitting and is re-coupled back to the straight waveguide after surrounding a circle to interfere with the artificial surface plasmon transmitted on the straight waveguide. The artificial surface plasmon-based annular resonator is of a planarized and structured surface metal strip structure, which supports the transmission of the surface plasmon; and electromagnetic surface waves are bound to the surface of the planarized and structured metal, are bound in the sub-wavelength size range of a structural surface in a direction vertical to the transmission direction, and are exponentially attenuated along the direction vertical to the surface, so that structural size can be scaled to make the resonator work in the frequency bands of terahertz, microwave and millimeter wave.

The invention discloses a differential filter based on artificial surface plasmon. The function of a differential wave filtering is achieved by means of a metal grating ring and mutual coupling and interference between a first straight metal grating structure and a second straight metal grating structure. The straight metal gratings and the metal grating ring are metal straps which are printed on a medium substrate, the thickness of each metal strap is nearly zero, the size of each metal strap is small, the length and the height of a unit structure are smaller than the operating wavelength, and the thickness of the unit structure is far smaller than the operating wavelength. Surface wave propagation can be bound in the size of deep sub-wavelength surrounding the metal straps, and efficient transmission of energy can be achieved. A dispersion curve of the metal surface can be changed by means of control over the depth, the width and the periodicity of a surface groove of a metal grating structure and control over distance between each straight metal grating and each metal grating, and the metal grating structure which meets the requirement of a working frequency is designed. A coaxial line inner conductor which extends outward is taken as a metal line to stimulate surface waves on the metal grating structure. The differential filter based on the artificial surface plasmon has the advantages of being wide in bandwidth, not obvious in internal dispersion of a pass band, stable in performance, and applicable to different wave bands such as microwaves, millimeter waves and Terahertz waves by means of scaling of structural parameters.

The invention provides an artificial surface plasmon-based low-loss transmission line, which comprises a dielectric substrate and a metal structure, wherein the metal structure is arranged on the dielectric substrate and comprises a coplanar waveguide, a coupling structure and an artificial surface plasmon transmission line; the artificial surface plasmon transmission line is sequentially connected with the coupling structure and the coplanar waveguide from the middle part to two ends; the coupling structure comprises an open curved metal structure and a periodic metal structure; the open curved metal structure extends outside from the coplanar waveguide; the groove depth of the periodic metal structure gradually changes; the artificial surface plasmon transmission line comprises periodically arranged metal units; grooves vertical to the length directions of periodically arranged artificial surface plasmons are formed in the metal units; the grooves are located at the same sides of the periodically arranged artificial surface plasmons; and the grooves are the same in depth and width. Compared with a microstrip line with the same size in a relatively wide band, the artificial surface plasmon-based low-loss transmission line has the advantage that the artificial surface plasmon transmission line has lower transmission loss.

Compositions and methods, including novel homogeneous microparticulate suspensions, are described for treating natural and artificial surfaces that contain bacterial biofilm, including unexpected synergy or enhancing effects between bismuth-thiol (BT) compounds and certain antibiotics, to provide formulations including antiseptic formulations. Previously unpredicted antibacterial properties and anti-biofilm properties of disclosed BT compounds and BT compound-plus-antibiotic combinations are also described, including preferential efficacies of certain such compositions for treating certain gram-positive bacterial infections, and distinct preferential efficacies of certain such compositions for treating certain gram-negative bacterial infections.

The invention discloses a microwave vortex wave generator based on artificial surface plasmon. The microwave vortex wave generator works in a microwave frequency band, double layers of artificial surface plasmon waveguides achieve transmission of electromagnetic waves, and the waveguides on the upper layer are connected to the waveguides on the lower layer through a metal through hole. The radiation part of the microwave vortex wave generator is mainly achieved through a series of circular patches which are placed beside the artificial surface plasmon waveguides, and meanwhile the circular patches also provide phases needed for generating different vortex waves as resonators. The microwave vortex wave generator can have different vortex waves with different orbit angular momentum modes at different frequency positions without making any changes in structure.

An artificial pitching mound. The artificial pitching mound includes an artificial pitching rubber and artificial pitching stride component fillable with microbeads or pellets. The artificial pitching mound reduces repetitive movement injuries for baseball and softball pitchers. The artificial pitching mound also allows positive muscle memory development with a surface that duplicates the feel of natural turf during practice session and allows the athlete's muscles to react the same on both the artificial surface and natural turf.

The invention relates to a symmetrical periodic groove leaky-wave antenna based on artificial surface plasmon polaritons, and relates to a leaky-wave antenna. A dielectric substrate is arranged; a metal structure covers the upper surface of the dielectric substrate; the metal structure comprises a trapezoidal coplanar waveguide transmission line feeding part, an artificial surface plasmon polariton gradual-change metal groove array part, a transition part and an artificial surface plasmon polariton periodic metal groove part; the trapezoidal coplanar waveguide transmission line feeding part ispositioned at one end of the dielectric substrate; the artificial surface plasmon polariton gradual-change metal groove array part is positioned in the middle of the dielectric substrate; the transition part is from the trapezoidal coplanar waveguide transmission line feeding part to the artificial surface plasmon polariton gradual-change metal groove array part; and the artificial surface plasmon polariton gradual-change metal groove array part is positioned at the tail end of the dielectric substrate. The working frequency band of the antenna is very wide; the corresponding working frequency band has relatively high gain and good directivity; and the symmetrical periodic groove leaky-wave antenna disclosed by the invention is simple in structure, simple and easy to manufacture, relatively small in size and good in performance, can be applied to actual working requirements, and has very important practical significance for application of the artificial surface plasmon polaritons in amicrowave frequency band.

The invention discloses an artificial surface plasmon coupler based on a transmission type phase gradient super surface and relates to the technical field of artificial surface plasmon. The coupler includes a phase gradient super surface and a square paster array. The phase gradient super surface is disposed exactly above the square paster array and a clearance is arranged between the phase gradient super surface and the square paster array. Through adjusting the length of square pasters, the dispersion relation of intrinsic artificial surface plasmon can be adjusted, so that artificial surface plasmon intrinsic wave vector on the square paster array is approximately equal to the wave vector of excited state surface vector in a specific bandwidth. In this way, surface wave generated on the phase gradient super surface is resonant coupled to the square paster array and finally intrinsic artificial surface plasmon of broadband is acquired through coupling and the intrinsic artificial surface plasmon propagates in a long range with low loss on the square paster array. The conversion efficiency of that propagation waves convert to artificial surface plasmon is improved. The invention provides technical means for designing and manufacturing high performance artificial plasmon equipment.

The invention discloses a grooved annular structure sensor based on microstrip line excitation. The grooved annular structure sensor based on microstrip line excitation comprises a grooved metal annular structure, a first dielectric layer, a second dielectric layer and an earth plate from bottom to top. The grooved metal annular structure comprises an annular grooved metal strip. Multiple grooves evenly distributed in the circumferential direction are etched in the annular grooved metal strip. A microstrip line is arranged between the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer. The microstrip line is formed by combining a short metal patch with a disc branch knot structure at the tail end of the metal patch. The microstrip line can efficiently excite artificial surface plasmon waves on the grooved metal annular structure. Compared with a traditional microwave sensor, the defect that a traditional resonant type sensor can only complete measurement at a certain specific frequency point is overcome, multiple resonant modes can be easily generated in a wide frequency band, the space resolution is high, and the sensor is very sensitive to the change of surrounding medium parameters and can achieve broadband high-sensitivity sensing.

The invention belongs to the technical field of antennas, and discloses a singular mode artificial surface plasmon-based broadband end-fire antenna, and a wireless communication system. The singular mode artificial surface plasmon-based broadband end-fire antenna comprises a feedback structure and a radiation structure, wherein the feedback structure comprises a conversion structure of a microstrip slot line, which can excite a singular mode artificial surface plasmon, the radiation structure consists of a period ripple metal strip with a gradually changing end, and both the feedback part andthe radiation part are printed on a dual-side copper covered medium plate. The dispersion characteristic of an artificial surface plasmon unit is analyzed by using an eigen mode method, and broadbandefficient radiation end-fire antenna in the microwave band is designed by analyzing a dispersion curve. Full wave electromagnetic simulation and processing tests are performed so as to prove that theantenna can realize broadband end-fire radiation in a designed band. The end-fire antenna has characteristics of broad working band, stable fire-end performance, thinness, light weight and easy processing, thereby having a bright application prospect in the field of novel broadband end-fire antennas.

The invention discloses an artificial surface plasmon broadband bandstop filter based on a composite U-shaped groove structure, and belongs to a bandstop filter. The filter comprises a dielectric substrate and metal printed on the dielectric substrate. The metal comprises a waveguide gradual change structure, grounding conductor planes, a periodic metal grating waveguide, and a U-shaped groove structure. The periodic metal grating waveguide is provided with the U-shaped groove structure, which indicates that no metal is printed. The periodic metal grating waveguide is an artificial surface plasmon transmitter, and two ends of the periodic metal grating waveguide are respectively connected with the waveguide gradual change structure. The grounding conductor planes are located at upper and lower sides of the waveguide gradual change structure. The artificial surface plasmon transmitter is a metal film, and the metal film is shaped in a manner that two sides, perpendicular to the length direction, of a rectangle are symmetrically provided with grooves. The grooves at the same side are arranged at equal intervals, and the widths and depths of the grooves are equal. The filter is simple in structure, is large in bandstop internal inhibition, is wide in band stop, and is easy to integrate with other microwave circuits.

The invention discloses a band-stop filter based on artificial surface plasmons. The structure works in a microwave frequency range, and a metal structure is only adhered to the upper layer of a medium. The band-stop filter is fed by conventional coplanar waveguides, and transition structures between the coplanar waveguides and artificial surface plasmon waveguides are utilized to realize impedance matching and wave number matching between the two kinds of waveguides. According to the invention, two unit structures of double-edge wrinkling strip line artificial surface plasmon waveguides are used to form a new unit structure, a certain distance interval of periodic arrangement is formed between every two new unit structures, and a new artificial surface plasmon transmission line is formed. The transmission line is characterized in that, capacitance structures are introduced into the conventional double-edge wrinkling strip line transmission line, and a stop band can be introduced into the frequency band of the artificial surface plasmons, so that the function of the band-stop filter is realized.