The invention discloses a double-gap test piece capable of quantifying the influence of
stress gradient on life, which comprises the following steps of: firstly, determining a
stress concentration coefficient required by the test piece, and determining the geometric dimension of a gap according to a related manual; then, single-notch test pieces are machined respectively, fatigue tests are completed, and parameters of the life prediction model are fitted according to test results; further arranging the two notches on one test piece, calculating the
stress distribution of the double-notch test piece by using a
finite element program, finely adjusting the geometric dimensions of the notches to meet the requirement that the stress and strain of the roots of the two notches are the same, and calculating the
stress gradient influence factors of the two notches at the same time; further completing a double-notch fatigue test, recording experimental data, and determining a minimum observation number by adopting a variable coefficient method until the number meets a confidence coefficient requirement; and finally detecting the prediction precision by using the service life prediction model. According to the method, data errors caused by
machining and
casting of the test piece are eliminated, the test precision is improved, and the influence of the
stress gradient on the fatigue life can be visually and quantitatively detected.