The invention discloses a micro-ecological composition for improving constipation by targeting intestinal flora and a preparation of the micro-ecological composition. The micro-ecological compositioncomprises probiotics, prebiotics and medicinal and edible traditional Chinese medicines, wherein the probiotics are selected from at least one of bifidobacterium animalis, bifidobacterium adolescentis, bifidobacterium longum, bifidobacterium breve, lactobacillus rhamnosus, lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus helveticus, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus reuteri, lactobacillus paracasei and bacillus coagulans; the prebiotics are selected from at least one of stachyose, fructo-oligosaccharide, isomalto-oligosaccharide, galacto-oligosaccharide, inulin, resistant dextrin and xylooligosaccharide; and the medicinal and edible traditional Chinese medicines are selected from at least one of semen sesami nigri, semen cassiae, fructus cannabis, honey, semen lablab album, semen coicis, poria cocos and lotus leaves. The micro-ecological composition can effectively regulate intestinal tract micro-ecology in a targeted mode, and finally the purpose of improving constipation is achieved.