The invention discloses an implementation method for three-dimensional modeling based on a single picture, obtains foreground and background through image segmentation on a single picture input by a user, recognites and detectes four structural elements of a base, a layer, a cap and an edge in the foreground , carries out three-dimensional reconstruction through the modeling method of layered modeling and curve Morphing to achieve the effects of smooth, transitional and irregular curved surface modeling, and finally, carries out gridding, texture mapping and three-dimensional model format output to realize the three-dimensional modeling. According to the implementation method for three-dimensional modeling based on a single picture, the huge calculation amount and complex operation of multiple picture modeling are avoided, the real-time performance is good, the calculation amount is small, the visualization effect is good, and the application prospect and the application field are wide.