20 results about "Zeotropic mixture" patented technology

The invention discloses an ester exchange reaction process, and belongs to the technical field of chemical production. The invention discloses a transesterification process, which is characterized in that a raw material ester and a raw material alcohol react under the action of a catalyst to generate a product ester and a byproduct alcohol, and comprises the following process steps: adding additives such as the raw material ester, the raw material alcohol and the catalyst into a reactor, and reacting at a reaction temperature to obtain a reaction product; wherein in the reaction process, an entrainer preheated to a first temperature is sprayed into the reactor, and the entrainer and the by-product alcohol are subjected to azeotropic evaporation at a reaction temperature to remove the by-product alcohol; according to the method, the entrainer is sprayed into the reactor in the transesterification reaction process, and the low-boiling-point azeotropic mixture formed by mixing the entrainer and the byproduct alcohol is evaporated, so that the byproduct alcohol is effectively removed; according to the process, the consumption of raw materials and energy is remarkably reduced, meanwhile, the removal efficiency of the byproduct alcohol is improved, and a higher product conversion rate can be realized within a shorter reaction time.

The present invention discloses an adjustable large-temperature step-cross phase-change heat storage mixed working fluid high-temperature heat pump system, which belongs to the technical field of high-temperature heat pump systems. It includes a high-temperature heat pump circulation module and an open water supply module; the high-temperature heat pump circulation module is a circulation loop on the working fluid side, including a compressor, the working fluid side of three condensers, two gas-liquid separators, an evaporator and the working fluid side of three heat accumulators, and the circulating working fluid is an environmentally friendly binary non-azeotropic mixture; the open water supply module is an open loop on the water side, including a water pump, the water side of three condensers and the water side of three heat accumulators, and the working fluid on the water side is water. The present invention has three working conditions, namely direct heating working condition, heat accumulator heat storage working condition, and heat accumulator heat release working condition; the direct heating working condition achieves a reduction of irreversible losses by at least 14%; the heat accumulator heat storage working condition achieves a reduction of irreversible losses in the heat exchange process by at least 9%; the heat accumulator heat release working condition achieves an effective reduction of irreversible losses in the heat release process by at least 31%, thereby improving energy utilization.

The invention relates to a method for separating an n-propyl formate-n-propyl alcohol-water mixture by liquid-liquid phase separation coupling extractive distillation, which comprises the following steps of: dividing a raw material into a water phase and an organic phase by using a phase splitter based on the heterogeneous characteristic of an azeotropic system, and carrying out four-tower operation on a rectifying tower (C1), a rectifying tower (C2), a rectifying tower (C3) and a rectifying tower (C4) to obtain an n-propyl formate-n-propyl alcohol-water mixture. The efficient separation of the n-propyl formate-n-propyl alcohol-water mixture is realized. After separation, the molar fraction of n-propyl formate is greater than 99.99%, the molar fraction of n-propyl alcohol is greater than 99.99%, and the molar fraction of water is greater than 99.99%. The method provided by the invention realizes high-efficiency and low-energy-consumption separation of the n-propyl formate-n-propanol-water azeotropic mixture, and has economic benefits and environmental friendliness.

The invention relates to a method for separating acetone, methanol and dichloromethane through extractive distillation by using a mixed extractant. The extractive distillation has the characteristics of simplicity in operation, high flexibility and high separation efficiency. Compared with a single extraction agent, the mixed extraction agent can generate a unique effect, so that the azeotrope is easier to separate. On the basis of extractive distillation of a mixed extractant, a heat pump technology and a heat integration technology are combined to reinforce the process, efficient separation of a ternary mixture is realized, the molar fraction of acetone after separation is greater than 99.93%, the molar fraction of methanol is greater than 99.92%, and the molar fraction of dichloromethane is greater than 99.97%. The method solves the problem that the azeotropic system is difficult to separate by using conventional rectification, is simple to operate, is economical and environment-friendly, and can realize effective separation of the ternary azeotropic mixture.

The invention belongs to the technical field of refrigerants, and particularly relates to a near-azeotropic R410A low-GWP substitute refrigerant as well as a preparation method and application of the near-azeotropic R410A low-GWP substitute refrigerant. The alternative refrigerant is a near-azeotropic mixture and is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 60 to 70 parts of difluoromethane (R32), 25 to 35 parts of pentafluoroethane (R125) and 3 to 7 parts of hexafluoropropylene (R1216). The refrigerant disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of good environmental protection property, high refrigerating capacity per unit volume, small temperature slippage and excellent thermodynamic property, and is particularly suitable for direct replacement of a refrigerating system, and the existing equipment does not need to be transformed.

To provide an azeotropic mixture and a method for reducing 2333 - trifluoropropyne (TFPY) which is an impurity in the production of 333 - tetrafluoropropene (HFO - 1234yf).SOLUTION: A heterogeneous azeotrope or azeotrope-like composition comprising TFPY and hydrogen fluoride (HF), wherein the composition may comprise from about 71. 5wt.% to about 98. 8wt.% TFPY and from about 1. 2wt.% to about 28. 5wt.% hydrogen fluoride, and wherein the composition has a boiling point from about - 10.0 °C. to about 25.0 °C. at a pressure from about 61psia to about 171psia. This azeotrope or azeotrope-like composition can be used to separate TFPY as an impurity from 2-chloro - 333 - trifluoropropene (1233xf), 2-chloro - 1112 - tetrafluoropropane (HCFC - 244bb), or HFO - 1234yf compositions.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

The invention belongs to the technical field of refrigerants, and particularly relates to a low-GWP alternative refrigerant for R410A as well as a preparation method and application of the low-GWP alternative refrigerant. The alternative refrigerant is a near azeotropic mixture and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 to 35 parts of difluoromethane (R32), 35 to 55 parts of 1, 1, 1, 2, 2-pentafluoroethane (R125) and 20 to 30 parts of 1, 1, 2-trifluoroethylene (R1123). The refrigerant disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of good environmental protection property, high refrigerating capacity per unit volume, small temperature slippage and excellent thermodynamic property, and is particularly suitable for directly replacing an air conditioning system without modifying existing equipment.

To provide a dehydration concentration device which can suppress energy required for enhancing concentration of an organic compound.SOLUTION: A dehydration concentration device 25 dehydrates water from a mixture containing water and an organic compound, and enhances concentration of the organic compound, in which the organic compound is a water-soluble organic compound that has a boiling point of 100°C or higher at 1 atm and does not form an azeotropic mixture with water, includes a high temperature side cell 61 to which a mixture having a temperature set at lower than 100°C is introduced, a hydrophobic porous membrane 63 arranged so as to be capable of releasing water vapor from the high temperature side cell 61, and a low temperature side cell 62 that is arranged so as to sandwich the hydrophobic porous membrane 63 and face the high temperature side cell 61 at a prescribed interval from the hydrophobic porous membrane 63, and to which a coolant set at a temperature lower than the mixture is introduced.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

A process for separating an azeotropic mixture comprising exactly one distillation unit is proposed, wherein the azeotropic mixture comprises a first component and a second component, wherein the first and the second component form a first positive azeotrope, wherein the first positive azeotrope is heterogeneous or homogeneous, wherein the distillation unit comprises a vertical distillation column, a first inlet for receiving a first feed comprising the first component and the second component, a first outlet for discharging a first product, a second outlet for discharging a second product, and a third outlet for discharging the azeotropic mixture, wherein the distillation column further comprises an essentially vertically arranged, impermeable division wall arranged within the distillation column, characterized in that the division wall is arranged at and connected to the bottom of the distillation column such that it provides three sections within the distillation column, wherein a first section and a second section are arranged horizontally adjacent to each other and divided by the division wall, wherein a third section is located vertically above the first and the second section and above the division wall. The invention additionally proposes a device for separating an azeotropic mixture comprising exactly one distillation unit.

Processes for separating an azeotropic mixture are provided. In an embodiment, such a process comprises exposing an azeotropic mixture comprising a first (hydro)fluorocarbon and a second (hydro)fluorocarbon to an ionic liquid comprising a cation and a non-fluorinated anion at a temperature and a pressure at which the ionic liquid absorbs more of one of the first and second (hydro)fluorocarbons than another of the first and second (hydro)fluorocarbons as determined on a mass basis to form a (hydro)fluorocarbon-containing ionic liquid and a processed azeotropic mixture.

The present invention belongs to the field of the preparation of dimethyl carbonate, and discloses a separation method of dimethyl carbonate and methanol, which includes the following operating steps: S10, feeding the azeotropic mixture of dimethyl carbonate and methanol and the mixed solution of dimethyl sulfoxide and propylene oxide into the azeotrope feed port and the mixed solution feed port of an extraction reactive distillation column respectively; S20, withdrawing the mixed material liquid from the bottom of the extraction reactive distillation column and withdrawing methanol from the top of the extraction reactive distillation column; S30, feeding the mixed material liquid into a first distillation column for vacuum distillation, withdrawing the dimethyl carbonate product from the top of the column and withdrawing the mixed solution from the bottom of the column; S40, feeding the mixed solution into a second distillation column for vacuum distillation; The present invention realizes a high-efficiency on-line continuous separation effect, without the need to set complicated process conditions. The entrainer selected has a wide range of raw material sources, low energy consumption and reasonable operating costs, and is suitable as a separation process for industrial implementation and application.

The invention belongs to the technical field of solid refined product preparation, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a solid refined product. The alcohol buffer solution is added into the filtering cavity in advance, on one hand, full coating of alcohol molecules on the surface of a solid is promoted through the dilution effect of the alcohol buffer solution on a solid-liquid mixture, and the solid forms a loose structure so as to improve the subsequent treatment efficiency; on the other hand, by means of the buffering effect of the alcohol buffer solution, blockage caused by the fact that solid particles are directly attached to the surface of the sintered filter screen can be effectively reduced, and the continuity of the filtering process is guaranteed. Furthermore, by screening the matched alcohol solvent and solid material, the selected alcohol not only can be tightly adsorbed on the solid surface through intermolecular force and replace water molecules on the surface to form a stable coating layer, but also can form an azeotropic mixture with the lowest azeotropic point with water, so that the system can realize high-efficiency removal of the solvent at a lower temperature; and finally, the residual quantity of water and ethanol in the solid refined product is obviously reduced.

The invention belongs to the technical field of refrigerants, and particularly relates to a low-GWP refrigerant capable of replacing R410A as well as a preparation method and application of the low-GWP refrigerant. The alternative refrigerant is a near-azeotropic mixture and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 55 to 65 parts of difluoromethane (R32), 30 to 40 parts of 1, 1, 1, 2, 2-pentafluoroethane (R125) and 1 to 10 parts of n-butane (R600). Compared with R410A, the refrigerant disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the GWP value is obviously reduced, the slippage temperature of the refrigerant is lower, the environmental protection property is obviously improved, the refrigeration performance is excellent, and the thermodynamic property matching is good.

The invention relates to a binary azeotropic and azeotrope-like mixture composition and a preparation method thereof. In a normal-temperature liquid phase, a first component and a second component are uniformly mixed to obtain the binary mixed heat exchange working medium; the first component is perfluoro (4-methyl-2-pentene), and the second component is hexafluorobutene; the perfluoro (4-methyl-2-pentene) and hexafluorobutene copolymer is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 25.9 parts of perfluoro (4-methyl-2-pentene) and 74.1 parts of hexafluorobutene, the binary mixture prepared by the invention is an azeotropic mixture, and has higher latent heat of vaporization and lower global warming potential value. Except the azeotropic point, the components which are close to the azeotropic point and have the respective change within 1% by weight are azeotrope-like mixtures.

The invention relates to a ternary azeotropic mixture and a preparation method thereof. Comprising a first component, a second component and a third component, the first component is heptafluoro-1-methoxypropane, the second component is trans-dichloroethylene, and the third component is Z-hexafluorobutene; the preparation method comprises the following steps: preliminarily mixing heptafluoro-1-methoxypropane, trans-dichloroethylene and Z-hexafluorobutene in a low-temperature environment, and injecting the mixture into a pressurized nano-bubble fluidized bed for continuous mixing; filtering the mixed liquid, and standing in a normal-pressure storage tank to obtain a ternary mixed composition; the ternary mixture prepared by the invention has an azeotropic phenomenon when the first component is 31.3 parts by weight, the second component is 23.6 parts by weight, and the third component is 45.1 parts by weight. The prepared composition has the advantages of environmental friendliness, high latent heat, good chemical stability, high safety and the like. Except the azeotropic point, all the components which are close to the azeotropic point and have the respective change within 0.5% by weight are azeotrope-like mixtures.

The invention discloses a feed separation coupling gas phase feed type extractive distillation process which comprises the following steps: conveying two strands of first mixtures from a raw material tank, conveying one strand of first mixtures to a pre-fractionating tower, conveying the other strand of first mixtures to an extractive distillation tower, and conveying an azeotropic mixture obtained from the top of the pre-fractionating tower to the extractive distillation tower, meanwhile, a solvent is added into the extractive distillation tower through a pipeline, and a second mixture obtained in the extractive distillation tower is conveyed to a solvent recovery tower; compared with the prior art, the feeding separation coupling gas phase feeding type extractive distillation process disclosed by the invention is more energy-saving, can save a pre-fractionating tower reboiler under specific conditions, is also suitable for a system which is not suitable for a feeding separation type extractive distillation energy-saving method, and expands the application range of feeding separation type extractive distillation.

The invention discloses a method for extracting grease from dry microalgae powder by using an azeotropic mixture, which comprises the following steps: S1, drying harvested fresh microalgae mud until the moisture content is less than or equal to 6% to prepare dry microalgae powder; s2, preparing an azeotropic mixture, wherein the azeotropic mixture comprises ethanol, ethyl acetate, acetone and hexane, and the volume ratio of the ethanol to the ethyl acetate to the acetone to the hexane is 2: (0-5): (0-3): (3-5); s3, adding the azeotropic mixture obtained in the step S2 into the dry algae powder obtained in the step S1, carrying out ultrasonic treatment at 20-50 kHz, and centrifuging to obtain a primary extracting solution; s4, the azeotropic mixture is added into the algae residues again, centrifugation is conducted after even mixing, a secondary extracting solution is obtained and mixed with the primary extracting solution, the azeotropic mixture is removed through evaporation, and the microalgae oil is obtained.The method is high in microalgae oil extraction efficiency and can be applied to edible microalgae oil processing.

The invention belongs to the technical field of refrigerants, and particularly relates to an R410A low-GWP substitute refrigerant as well as a preparation method and application of the R410A low-GWP substitute refrigerant. The alternative refrigerant is a near-azeotropic mixture and is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 85 to 95 parts of difluoromethane (R32), 3 to 7 parts of trifluoroethylene (R1123) and 3 to 7 parts of hexafluoropropylene (R1216). The refrigerant disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of good environmental protection property, high refrigerating capacity per unit volume, small temperature slippage and excellent thermodynamic property, and is particularly suitable for direct replacement of a refrigerating system, and the existing equipment does not need to be transformed.

The invention discloses a feed separation type vapor-liquid coupling type extractive distillation process. A vapor-liquid coupling type extractive distillation device of the process comprises a pre-fractionating tower, an extractive distillation tower and a solvent recovery tower, the vapor-liquid coupling type extractive distillation process comprises the following steps: conveying two strands of first mixtures from a raw material tank, conveying one strand of first mixtures to a pre-fractionating tower, conveying the other strand of first mixtures to an extractive distillation tower, and conveying an azeotropic mixture obtained from the top of the pre-fractionating tower to the extractive distillation tower; the feed separation type vapor-liquid coupling type extractive distillation process is more energy-saving, an intermediate reboiler can be saved under certain conditions, the process is also suitable for a system which is not suitable for a feed separation type extractive distillation energy-saving method, and the application range of feed separation type extractive distillation is expanded.