460 results about "Pentanes" patented technology

Disclosed are aromatic polyester polyols, polyol based resin blends, and rigid closed-cell polyisocyanate-based foams made using the polyol based resin blends. The resin blends generally comprise:(a) an aromatic polyester polyol reaction product formed by inter-esterification of a phthalic acid based material; a hydroxylated material having a functionality of at least 2; and a hydrophobic material; and(b) a C4-C7 hydrocarbon blowing agent. Also disclosed is a method for preparing rigid closed-cell polyisocyanate-based foams comprising reacting a polyisocyanate and a polyol based resin blend.

An integrated refining process for the production of high quality gasoline blending components from low value components is disclosed. In addition there is disclosed a method of improving the operating efficiency of a refinery by reducing fuel gas production and simultaneously producing high quality gasoline blending components of low volatility. The processes involve the alkylation of a refinery stream containing pentane with ethylene using an ionic liquid catalyst.

Method and apparatus for providing real-time data indicative of the isotopic composition of formation fluids during drilling. The method includes the steps of: (a) providing a reference fluid having a known isotopic composition in a reference cell; (b) capturing a sample of formation; (c) providing at least one laser beam; (e) passing a beam through the reference fluid, measuring the reference-measurement beam before and after it passes through the reference fluid; (f) and passing a beam through the sample, measuring the beam before and after it passes through the sample, and calculating a first isotope concentration from those measurements. The measurements can provide information relating to the carbon isotopic composition of individual compounds in hydrocarbon gas mixtures, with the individual compounds including methane, ethane, propane, iso- or normal butane, or iso- or normal pentane.

A method for providing an anhydrous route for the synthesis of amine capped coinage-metal (copper, silver, and gold) nanoparticles (NPs) using the coinage-metal mesityl (mesityl=C6H2(CH3)3-2,4,6) derivatives. In this method, a solution of (Cu(C6H2(CH3)3)5, (Ag(C6H2(CH3)3)4, or (Au(C6H2(CH3)3)5 is dissolved in a coordinating solvent, such as a primary, secondary, or tertiary amine; primary, secondary, or tertiary phosphine, or alkyl thiol, to produce a mesityl precursor solution. This solution is subsequently injected into an organic solvent that is heated to a temperature greater than approximately 100° C. After washing with an organic solvent, such as an alcohol (including methanol, ethanol, propanol, and higher molecular-weight alcohols), oxide free coinage NP are prepared that could be extracted with a solvent, such as an aromatic solvent (including, for example, toluene, benzene, and pyridine) or an alkane (including, for example, pentane, hexane, and heptane). Characterization by UV-Vis spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy showed that the NPs were approximately 9.2±2.3 nm in size for Cu°, (no surface oxide present), approximately 8.5±1.1 nm Ag° spheres, and approximately 8–80 nm for Au°.

According to a process for production of alkylene oxide polymers offered by the present invention, an alkylene oxide is subjected to a polymerization reaction under presence of a catalyst in a solvent containing an aliphatic hydrocarbon having from five to seven carbon atoms and a branched structure. The aliphatic hydrocarbon is provided preferably by 2-methyl pentane, 3-methyl pentane, 2,3-dimethyl pentane, 2,4-dimethyl pentane, etc. The alkylene oxide is provided preferably by ethylene oxides and / or propylene oxides.

Method and apparatus for providing real-time data indicative of the isotopic composition of formation fluids during drilling. The method includes the steps of: (a) providing a reference fluid having a known isotopic composition in a reference cell; (b) capturing a sample of formation; (c) providing at least one laser beam; (e) passing a beam through the reference fluid, measuring the reference-measurement beam before and after it passes through the reference fluid; (f) and passing a beam through the sample, measuring the beam before and after it passes through the sample, and calculating a first isotope concentration from those measurements. The measurements can provide information relating to the carbon isotopic composition of individual compounds in hydrocarbon gas mixtures, with the individual compounds including methane, ethane, propane, iso- or normal butane, or iso- or normal pentane.

The invention discloses a catalyst for manufacturing olefin by low-carbon alkane dehydrogenation and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of preparation of basic organic chemical materials. The catalyst takes silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieve and alumina mixture as carriers, VIII group or IVA group elements as active components and alkaline-earth metal or rare-earth elements as auxiliary agents for the process of olefin preparation by ethane, propane, butane or pentane dehydrogenation. In the process of olefin preparation by low-carbon alkane dehydrogenation, catalyst is firstly reduced by hydrogen and then reacts, and finally the catalyst is in charcoaling regeneration and chlorination update; and reaction regeneration process flow has big choice, the reactor can adopt a fixed bed, a moving bed, a fluidized bed or a double-particle fluidized bed, and catalyst regeneration can be carried out in a device or out of the device. Compared with the existing catalyst for manufacturing olefin by low-carbon alkane dehydrogenation, the catalyst provided by the invention ensures that low-carbon alkane selectivity is above 95% in the olefin preparing process by low-carbon alkane dehydrogenation under high conversion rate.

Azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions are disclosed. The azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions are mixtures of E-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene with methyl formate, n-pentane, 2-methylbutane trans-1,2-dichloroethylene, 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane, n-butane or isobutane. Also disclosed is a process of preparing a thermoplastic or thermoset foam by using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions as blowing agents. Also disclosed is a process of producing refrigeration by using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions. Also disclosed is a process of using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions as solvents. Also disclosed is a process of producing an aerosol product by using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions. Also disclosed is a process of using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions as heat transfer media. Also disclosed is a process of extinguishing or suppressing a fire by using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions. Also disclosed is a process of using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions as dielectrics.

A composition useful as a blowing agent having no flash point or reduced combustibility comprising 2-chloropropane and a gas selected from the group consisting of a fluorohydrocarbon, perfluorocarbons, fluoroethers, hydrofluoropolyethers and mixtures thereof is disclosed. A polyisocyanurate foam or a polyurethane modified polyisocyanurate foam having a mainly closed cell structure and also a method for preparing this foam, the latter comprising closed cells wherein a foam blowing agent consisting of a mixture of 2-chloropropane and one or more HFC compounds including pentafluoropropane, pentafluorobutane, heptafluoropropane, hexafluoropropane or pentafluoroethane are disclosed. Pentanes can be added if desired. Azeotropic mixtures in which 2-chloropropane is an ingredient are disclosed.

The present invention provides a method of synthesizing fluorided metallocene catalyst components comprising contacting at least one fluoriding agent comprising fluorine with one or more alkylated metallocene catalyst components comprising one or more non-halogen leaving groups to produce a fluorided catalyst component; wherein from less than 3 equivalents of fluorine are contacted for every equivalent of leaving group. The method of the invention is exemplified by the following reaction which takes place in a non-coordinating diluent such as pentane: wherein one or both of the “Cp” rings may be substituted with an R group as described herein, and may be bridged. The reaction can be run at any desirable temperature, desirably between 10° C. and 35° C. The reaction product of the BF3 and dimethyl zirconocene is the fluorided zirconocene. The mole ratio of the BF3 fluoriding agent and the starting metallocene is less than 2:1 (fluoriding agent:metallocene) in one embodiment, and less than or equal to 1.6:1 in a particular embodiment, and less than or equal to 1.5:1 in a more particular embodiment, and less than or equal to 1.2:1 in yet a more particular embodiment.

Azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions are disclosed. The azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions are mixtures of E-1,1,1,4,4,5,5,5-Octafluoro-2-pentene with methyl formate, n-pentane, 2-methylbutane, 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane, trans-1,2-dichloroethylene, 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane, dimethoxymethane, cyclopentane or Z-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene. Also disclosed is a process of preparing a thermoplastic or thermoset foam by using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions as blowing agents. Also disclosed is a process of producing refrigeration by using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions. Also disclosed is a process of using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions as solvents. Also disclosed is a process of producing an aerosol product by using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions as propellants. Also disclosed is a process of using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions as heat transfer media. Also disclosed is a process of extinguishing or suppressing a fire by using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions. Also disclosed is a process of using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions as dielectrics. Also disclosed is a process for the separation of a chemical compound from a mixture of two or more chemical compounds using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions.

Preservative compositions for wood products is described. The compositions include at least one boron-containing material, such as but not limited to boric anhydride, and at least one silane-containing material, such as but not limited to methyltrichlorosilane. Optionally, at least one solvent, such as tetrahydrofuran, pentane, or water, may also be employed in the compositions. The compositions impart protection to the treated wood products, especially damage caused by exposure to water and insects.

Azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions are disclosed. The azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions are mixtures of Z-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene with methyl formate, pentane, 2-methylbutane, 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane, trans-1,2-dichloroethylene, 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane, dimethoxymethane, or cyclopentane. Also disclosed is a process of preparing a thermoplastic or thermoset foam by using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions as blowing agents. Also disclosed is a process of producing refrigeration by using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions. Also disclosed is a process of using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions as solvents. Also disclosed is a process of producing an aerosol product by using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions. Also disclosed is a process of using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions as heat transfer media. Also disclosed is a process of extinguishing or suppressing a fire by using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions. Also disclosed is a process of using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions as dielectrics.

A method and system of refining natural gas that improves the quality of liquefied natural gas and enables separation and recovery of hydrocarbons other than methane. The method of refining natural gas containing methane; any other hydrocarbon selected from the group consisting of ethane, ethylene, propane, propylene, n-butane, isobutane, 1-butene, n-pentane, and isopentane; carbon dioxide; and hydrogen sulfide, includes adjusting a pressure and temperature of the natural gas so that the methane is in the gas phase, the other hydrocarbon in the liquid phase, and the carbon dioxide and the hydrogen sulfide in the solid phase, respectively; separating the natural gas, of which the pressure and temperature has been adjusted, into a gas containing the methane and a suspension liquid; and separating the separated suspension liquid into a liquid containing the other hydrocarbon and a solid containing the carbon dioxide and the hydrogen sulfide.

Azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions are disclosed. The azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions are mixtures of Z-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene with methyl formate, pentane, 2-methylbutane, 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane, trans-1,2-dichloroethylene, 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane, dimethoxymethane, or cyclopentane. Also disclosed is a process of preparing a thermoplastic or thermoset foam by using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions as blowing agents. Also disclosed is a process of producing refrigeration by using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions. Also disclosed is a process of using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions as solvents. Also disclosed is a process of producing an aerosol product by using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions. Also disclosed is a process of using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions as heat transfer media. Also disclosed is a process of extinguishing or suppressing a fire by using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions. Also disclosed is a process of using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions as dielectrics.

A process for the isomerization of a feedstream comprising C5–C6 hydrocarbons where the process involves charging hydrogen and a feedstream comprising at least normal C5–C6 hydrocarbons into an isomerization zone and contacting said hydrogen and feedstream with an isomerization catalyst at isomerization conditions to increase the branching of the feedstream hydrocarbons and produce an isomerization effluent stream comprising at least normal pentane, normal hexane, methylbutane, dimethylbutane, and methylpentane has been discovered. Without passing through a stabilizer, the isomerization effluent stream is passed to a deisohexanizer zone to generate at least a stream enriched in methylbutane and dimethylbutanes. The stream enriched in methylbutane and dimethylbutanes is passed to an isomerate striper column to remove butane and lighter hydrocarbons and gasses. The remainder containing the methylbutane and dimethylbutanes is collected for use in, for example, gasoline blending.

The invention relates to a method for making an organic-inorganic composite expanded material. 100 to 5000 of target inorganic powder is added into an organic allyl monomer and is mixed with an evocating agent and an addition agent, suspension polymerization is realized in the mixture for 2 to 8 hours at certain temperature, 0.5 to 8 percent of the weight of the allyl monomer of pentane is added and is polymerized continuously at a temperature higher than 90 DEG C and the organic-inorganic composite particles are obtained. The expanded organic-inorganic composite particles form a composite material with good thermal insulation property and good flame retardant property.

The invention discloses a low-density and low thermal-conduction-index polyurethane foam stabilizer and a preparation method thereof. The stabilizer can be widely used in polyurethane blowing technique, and enable the thermal conduction index of the pentane-blowing polyurethane foam to be lowered down to 0.0195-0.0200W / m.K, and has excellent functions of heat protection and heat preservation. The low-density and low thermal-conduction-index polyurethane foam stabilizer of the invention is provided with the structures: wherein, the figure of m is 10-80, the figure of n is 1-10, the figure of x is 10-70, the figure of y is 0-30, and m plus n is 11-90, x plus y is 10-100; R can be paraffin, radical aromatic, acyloxy or hydrogen atom that contains 1-4 carbon atoms.

Disclosed are composite flame-retardant expandable polystyrene particles and a preparation technology thereof. The particles are prepared from the following components of: by weight, 100 parts of styrene monomer, 100-150 parts of water, 1-10 parts of expandable graphite, 1-12 parts of a phosphorus compound, 0.1-0.5 part of white oil, 0.1-0.5 part of polyethylene wax, 0.05-0.2 part of dicumyl peroxide, 0.2-0.8 part of benzoyl peroxide, 0.1-0.4 part of polyvinyl alcohol, 1.1-2.1 parts of tricalcium phosphate and 8-12 parts of pentane. By the addition of a composite fire retardant of expandable graphite and the phosphorus compound before polymerization of styrene, adverse influence of the fire retardant on performance of the product is reduced; expandable graphite and the phosphorus compound are halogen-free fire retardants, the particles have good environmental protection performance; by the addition of white oil, the particles have plasticising and internal lubricant functions as well as good stability and low volatility, and fluidity during the forming of polystyrene particles can be greatly improved; polyvinyl alcohol and tricalcium phosphate are dispersion stabilizers and by timely adding a proper amount of the dispersion stabilizers, the product appearance can be improved, the production efficiency can be raised, and cost can be reduced; and the addition of all the components guarantees the performance of the product.

Disclosed is a process for preparing pentane from light C5 distillate which comprises the steps of, subjecting light C5 distillate to hydrogenation reaction through catalyst fixed bed, the reaction pressure being 1.0-3.0 MPa, the reaction temperature being 15-35 deg. C, the mol ratio of hydrogen and total amount of unsaturated hydrocarbons in the C5 distillate being 1-5, the liquid hourly space velocity of the material being 1.0-5.0hr-1, the catalyst being loading type using Ni as active component, and using the mixture of Al2O3 and SiO2 as the carrier, passing particulate clay fixed bed at 150-170 deg. C so as to remove the residual unsaturated hydrocarbons, the liquid hourly space velocity of the material being 1.0-5.0hr-1, then removing light distillate through distillation segregation, the tower still temperature being 90-100 deg. C, the tower top temperature being 55-60 deg. C, the absolute pressure in the tower being 0.50-0.60 MPa, the reflux ratio being 2.5-3.5.

An azeotrope-like mixture consisting essentially of chlorotrifluoropropene and at least one component selected from the group consisting of pentane, hexane, methanol, and trans-1,2-dichloroethene.

A method for producing polyisocyanurate insulation foams, the method comprising contacting an A-side stream of reactants that includes an isocyanate with a B-side stream of reactants that include a polyol and a blowing agent, where the blowing agent includes isopentane and n-pentane in a substantial absence of cyclopentane.

It is described a prefractionation-physical absorption hybrid process and system for separation of a CO2-natural gas mixture containing more than 26 mol % CO2 and 0.1 mol % to 15 mol % in total one or more heavier hydrocarbons, such as ethane, propane, butanes, pentanes, and hexanes, with at least 0.0001 mol % in total one or more of pentanes and hexanes, particularly, a self-refrigerated process and system involving methanol as the absorbent.

The invention relates to a method for removing solvent from polymer solution generated by solution polymerization and an apparatus for removing solvent from such polymer solution. The method for removing solvent from polymer solution in accordance with the invention is a method for removing solvent by putting polymer solution and steam in contact with each other to remove the solvent by steam stripping, including a step of feeding a part of the steam into tube 2 for transferring polymer solution to tank 1 for removing solvent, and a step of feeding the remaining part of the steam into the inside of the tank for removing solvent. Particularly, the amount of the steam to be fed into the tube is preferably at 10 to 90 % by mass, when the whole amount of the steam is defined as 100 % by mass. The polymer contained in the polymer solution includes various polymers such as butadiene rubber, styrene - butadiene rubber, and ethylene - alpha -olefin - non-conjugated diene copolymer rubber. Further, the solvent is preferably n-hexane, n-pentane, cyclohexane, toluene and the like.

The invention relates to a method for testing oil oxidation stability. The method comprises the following steps of: supplying an oil processing device which comprises a thermostatic container and an oil container, wherein the oil container is arranged in the thermostatic container and is provided with an air intake pipe and an air outlet pipe; feeding the tested oil and a metal catalyst into the oil container; introducing air into the tested oil via the air intake pipe, wherein the flow of the air is 1 L / H to 20 L / H; measuring the temperature of the tested oil, orderly extracting samples from the tested oil according to a predetermined time sequence after the temperature of the tested oil is up to a set value, and measuring the viscosity, the acid value, the oxidation value and the nitration value of each sample; and measuring the content of an insoluble substance (n-pentane) of the remained oil in the oil container. Through the method, the samples can be sampled by many times during the testing process, so that a performance change trend of the oil is obtained; and the detergent dispersibility and the thermal oxidation stability of the oil can be evaluated.

Methods for making carbon materials are provided. In at least one specific embodiment, the method can include combining one or more polymer precursors with one or more liquids to produce a mixture. The mixture can be an emulsion, dispersion, or a suspension. The liquid can include hexane, pentane, cyclopentane, benzene, toluene, o-xylene, m-xylene, p-xylene, diethyl ether, ethylmethylketone, dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, mineral oils, paraffin oils, vegetable derived oils, or any mixture thereof. The method can also include aging the mixture at a temperature and time sufficient for the polymer precursor to react and form polymer gel particles having a volume average particle size (Dv,50) of the polymer particles in gel form greater than or equal to 1 mm. The method can also include heating the polymer gel particles to produce a carbon material.

The invention discloses a 1, 5-pentyl diisocyanate preparation method which includes the steps: (1) mixing 1, 5-pentane diamine transfer solution and extracting solvents, extracting 1, 5-pentane diamine and dewatering extracting solution to obtain mixed solution of the 1, 5-pentane diamine transfer solution and the extracting solvents; (2) adding catalysts and urea into the mixed solution of the 1, 5-pentane diamine transfer solution and the extracting solvents, supplementing an appropriate quantity of extracting solvents to form a reaction system, performing carbamic acid esterification on the 1, 5-pentane diamine and recycling excessive extracting solvents in the reaction system by reduced pressure distillation to obtain PDU; (3) mixing the PDU, heat carriers and the catalysts and performing thermal cracking reaction and separation to obtain the extracting solvents and PDI. According to the method, a large quantity of salts in the transfer solution can be removed by extracting solvent extraction, the extracting solvents can serve as raw materials for synthesizing the PDU, the PDI can be prepared by thermal cracking, and the extracting solvents serving as by-products can be recycled.

A process for preparing the superfine particles of high-purity cerium trifluoride includes proportionally mixing Cyanex 923 with diluent chosen from hexane, pentane, octane, etc to obtain composite extractant, extracting the Ce and F contained RE sulfate solution, washing and back extracting by strip liquid chosen from hydrogen peroxide, hydrazine hydrate, hydroxyamine hydrochloride, etc. Its purity is 99.9-99.999%.

The invention discloses a foamer composition, polyurethane rigid foam, a preparation method of the foamer composition, refrigeration equipment and a thermal insulation component. The foamer composition comprises 5-20 weight parts of pentane, 1-25 weight parts of 245fa and 0-5 weight parts of 134a. With the foamer composition disclosed by the invention, the polyurethane rigid foam can be effectively prepared.

A microbicidal composition containing: (a) a stabilized hypochlorite and bromide composition; and (b) at least one microbicide selected from among 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, 5-choloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, 4,5-dichloro-2-N-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one, 3-bromo-1-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin, poly(hexamethylenebiguanide hydrochloride), alkyl-dimethyl-benzylammonium chloride, pentane-1,5-dial (glutaraldehyde), 5-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propane-diol and 2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide.