83results about "By biological separation" patented technology

A method and apparatus for sequestering CO₂ using algae comprises a plurality of vertically suspended bioreactors, each bioreactor being translucent and including a flow channel formed by a plurality of baffles. A culture tank contains a suspension of water and at least one algae and includes a plurality of gas jets for introducing a CO₂-containing gas into the suspension. The culture tank is in fluid communication with an inlet in each channel for flowing the suspension through the channel in the presence of light. A pump pumps the suspension into the channel inlet.

Methods of harvesting algae, and using algae as a biofuel, livestock feed, or food supplement are provided. The methods comprise contacting liquid algae suspensions with a filtration media. Depending upon the filtration media, the resulting algae and filtration media admixture is then utilized as a biofuel, livestock feed, food supplements, or for the extraction of algae oil. Admixtures comprising a combustible filtration media, such as coal, are particularly preferred. The methods are suitable for use with any algae species. Compositions for use as a biofuel, livestock feed, or food supplement are also provided. These compositions comprise an admixture of algae and a filtration media.

This process is unique in photosynthetic carbon sequestration. An on-site biological sequestration system directly decreases the concentration of carbon-containing compounds in the emissions of fossil generation units. In this process, photosynthetic microbes are attached to a growth surface arranged in a containment chamber that is lit by solar photons. A harvesting system ensures maximum organism growth and rate of CO2 uptake. Soluble carbon and nitrogen concentrations delivered to the cyanobacteria are enhanced, further increasing growth rate and carbon utilization.

A system for sequestering carbon emissions from a fuel combustor generally includes a combustion gas extraction module for extracting combustion gas from a fuel combustor and a greenhouse facility for receiving the extracted combustion gas and having at least one vegetation supporting soil bed for absorbing carbon dioxide from the received combustion gas. The extraction module includes a particulate removal unit for removing pollutants from the extracted combustion gas and a heat exchanger in downstream fluid communication with the particulate removal unit for cooling the extracted combustion gas.

A process is disclosed for gas separation wherein carbon dioxide in a mixed gas stream is converted to bicarbonate by contacting a gamma carbonic anhydrase enzyme designated as CAM in the temperature range of 40 degrees to 85 degrees C. in an enzyme catalyzed carbon dioxide capture system.

The present invention relates to a reactor and a process suitable for extracting carbon dioxide from carbon dioxide-containing gas stream. The reactor is based on a two module system where absorption occurs in one module and desorption occurs in the other module. The absorption and desorption modules in the system include at least one gas-liquid membrane (GLM) module and at least one direct gas-liquid contact (DGLC) module. The carbon dioxide extraction may be catalyzed by carbonic anhydrase.

In order to reduce incoming atmospheric carbon dioxide levels in compressed air prior to cryogenic distillation, a water spray cooling tower equipped with biocatalytic packing, or fed with absorptive reagents, is used to convert gaseous carbon dioxide into bicarbonate ions which dissolve in the cooling water. The hydration reaction and refrigeration occur synergistically. The bicarbonate ions are subsequently removed from the solution using the heat from the compressed air in a regenerator re-boiler unit, and then fed to a percolation cooling tower for releasing CO₂ and cooling.

The invention provides a gas purification apparatus for purifying effluent gas by treating VOCs and the CO₂ gas, comprising a biofiltration chamber containing micro-organisms for degrading the VOCs and producing a partially cleansed gas containing CO₂ gas by-product; and an enzymatic chamber comprising an enzyme capable of catalyzing the hydration of the CO₂ gas by-product into bicarbonate ions and hydrogen ions, to produce an ion rich solution and a purified gas. Additionally, a gas purification process is provided.

The present invention relates to use of heat-stable carbonic anhydrase in CO₂ extraction, e.g., from flue gas, natural gas or biogas. Furthermore, the invention relates to isolated polypeptides having carbonic anhydrase activity at elevated temperatures and isolated polynucleotides encoding the polypeptides. The invention also relates to nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides.

Two waste products, nitrate-rich sewage wastewater and power plant CO₂ emissions, are combined and converted into a renewable, biomass energy source, which supplies the fuel to the power plant. The power plant, wastewater treatment facility, and biomass growth unit are preferably located on one site and arranged for convenient transfer of the CO₂ and wastewater to the biomass growth unit; harvesting, processing and return of biomass from the growth unit as fuel to the power plant; and discharge of the de-nitrated wastewater into the same body of water used as the heat sink by the power plant, e.g., a lake, river, or sound. The present invention thus provides an integrated approach to minimization of CO₂ emissions and nitrate discharge while achieving improved efficiency in the generation and harvesting of the biomass.

The invention relates to a method for culturing microalgae by utilizing flue gas of a coal fired power plant, comprising the following steps of: firstly, introducing flue gas to a CO removing tower, and leading the trace amount of CO and NO to generate CO2 and N2 under the catalysis of active semicoke; leading the flue gas from the CO removing tower to enter a desulfurizing tower again, oxidizingSO2 in the flue gas into SO3 under the catalysis action of active semicoke by utilizing O2 contained in the flue gas, and absorbing the SO3 on a catalyst; leading the flue gas to enter a denitrifyingtower after passing through the desulfurizing tower, oxidizing the NO in the flue gas into NO2 under the catalysis of active semicoke by utilizing the O2 contained in the flue gas, and absorbing the NO2 on the catalyst; and introducing the purified flue gas to a microalgae culturing device, fixing the CO2 in the flue gas by oily microalgae and then passing through a flue gas-flue gas heat exchanger, and finally, exhausting the residual flue gas through a chimney. In the method, the flue gas of a thermal power plant is taken as one of raw materials for microalgae culture, high-quality oily microalgae is obtained as oil-producing materials, not only the environment is governed, but also fuel is produced, therefore, the method has very important social, economic and environmental benefits.

Disclosed are a device and method for trapping carbon resources in the atmosphere. The method includes the following steps: (1), transferring gaseous CO2 in the atmosphere into the biosphere to form solid organic carbon compounds through photosynthesis of rank vegetation, trapping CO2 in the atmosphere, and converting the CO2 into organic carbon compounds through microorganisms or enzyme, (2), trapping CO2 in the atmosphere in a physical method, (3), trapping CO2 in the atmosphere in a chemical method, (4), trapping CO2 in the atmosphere in a physicochemical method, and (5), carrying out carbon storage and sealing storage on the carbon resources trapped from the atmosphere to achieve negative growth of atmospheric CO2, reduce partial pressure of atmospheric CO2 gas, adjust the greenhouse effect and solve relevant environmental problems, putting the stored carbon products into global carbon trading, and carrying out technical control over the cyclic process of carbon cycle, carbon conversion, carbon storage, carbon sealing storage and carbon utilization so that people can use carbon sources fully and reasonably. Manual cultivation and planting of the rank vegetation are new power for carbon cycles on the earth.

A Capture Carbon Storage (CCS) Process for the economical capture of carbon dioxide from coal fuel gas, and the storage of the carbon dioxide as lipid oil or the use of the environmentally begin oil for transportation. The lipid oil may be refined into gasoline, biodiesel fuel, jet fuel, ethanol, and methane which provide a renewable energy resource for the United State's future energy needs. It is a new fuel form which has been both chemically and physically altered to reduce the emissions of carbon dioxide. It is a coal cleaning/upgrading process which produces a refined fuel, Hydrogen, that may be used to produce electricity and an environmentally begin biofuel for transportation. The renewable fuel will produce no carbon foot print at the internal combustion engine's exhaust pipe. The CCS Process will produce a 100% reduction in carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions into the atmosphere and thereby, stop the Global Warming.

The invention relates to a method and a device for synchronously removing sulfur dioxide and nitric oxide by a flue gas biological method. The device is formed by connecting a primary eluting tower, an adjusting tank, a secondary biological vulcanization tower, a biological synchronous desulfurization and denitrification tower, a sedimentation tank and a sulfur separator in series. A flue gas purification treatment technology has low inflowing air requirements, is not afraid of dust and heavy metal and does not need strict pre-treatment. Corresponding microorganisms are added into a biological flora to effectively remove heavy metal. Meanwhile, a synchronous desulfurization and denitrification flora is autotrophic bacteria and has certain removing effect on CO2. An operation condition is moderate and the equipment does not need to be antiseptic. Besides, an external substance such as COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) organic wastewater, only few microorganism nutrient substances and supplementing alkali for adjusting and controlling a pH (Potential of Hydrogen) value in the eluting tower need to be added; and a temperature needed by a rear-end biological reaction is maintained through heat obtained by front-end heat exchange. In a process, large-sized power consumption equipment is not needed; and the device and the method have the advantages that electric power consumption and water consumption are low compared with a conventional treatment process. Compared with the conventional cost, the cost of the whole process is 1/3 that of the conventional process, and the industrial production can be realized.