The invention provides a self-service vehicle renting management system and a self-service vehicle renting management method. The management system is based on technologies in terms of GPS (global positioning system)/GSM (global system for mobile communication) positioning systems, mobile communication systems, the internet, IC (integrated circuit) cards and the like. Self-service vehicle renting is realized by the aid of the management system and the management method, a user can use a user IC card stored with information including an identity card, a driving license, fingerprints and pre-stored fee to rent, transfer and return any vehicle in any one renting and returning (parking) lot within a network coverage range at any time and in any places, electronic money real-time settlement and any-time recharging are realized, and accordingly vehicle renting, returning and settlement are convenient, fast, safe and reliable. The self-service vehicle renting management method can be carried out nationwide, the user can rent a vehicle, return the vehicle, recharge and settle accounts in management centers of various cities only by the aid of the user IC card, and accordingly the vehicles are rented and returned highly freely temporally and spatially.