The invention relates to a geothermal energy high-efficiency heat exchanger comprising a bearing keel, heat exchange plates, heat exchange pipes, guide pipes, temperature sensors and pressure sensors.The bearing keel comprises locating racks, guide sliding rails, sliding chutes and hoisting rings; the heat exchange plates are embedded in the locating rack, and the heat exchange pipes are installed on the upper and lower surfaces of each heat exchange plate separately; the two ends of each heat exchange pipe communicate with the guide pipes separately, and at least three temperature sensors are provided, wherein at least one temperature sensor is embedded on the outside surface of the heat exchange plate, and the rest temperature sensors are located at the connection positions between thetwo ends of each heat exchange pipe and the guide pipes; at least two pressure sensors are provided, and uniformly distributed on the outside surface of the locating rack around the axis of the locating rack. According to the high-efficiency heat exchanger, on one hand, the working efficiency of geothermal energy resource collection can be improved effectively, and the construction cost of the collection operation is reduced; on the other hand, the structure of geothermal energy resource collection equipment is simplified effectively, and the reliability and stability of the geothermal energyresource collection are improved; and the operation cost is reduced.