The invention discloses a vacuum pipeline speed measuring and
positioning system and method. The
system comprises a plurality of single-
spectrum light sources with different wavebands, a vehicle-mounted
image acquisition device that acquires spectral images of the plurality of single-
spectrum light sources with different wavebands, and a control device that processes the image to obtain a
tensor matrix of the image and locates the
train according to the
tensor matrix and
light source data pre-stored in a
light source database; the control device also judges whether the
light source changes or not, if not, data in the light source
database are updated with a
tensor matrix, if so, the tensor matrix is converted into a
column vector, the light source change distance is determined, whether light
source tracking recognition succeeds or not is judged, and if so, the
train speed is determined according to the light source change distance; and otherwise, whether the light source change distance is zero is determined, if so, data in the light source
database are updated by using the
column vector, otherwise, the data in the light source database are updated by using the
column vector and the light source database is triggered to send the column vector, and the updated light source change distance is determined according to the sent column vector so as to determine the
train speed.