The invention discloses a novel thermal insulation material, and the composition comprises expanded perlite, cement, gypsum powder, fibers, redispersible rubber powder, casein glue, and the like. The thermal insulation material has the advantages of high strength, aging resistance, excellent thermal insulation effect, energy conservation, environmental protection, fire protection, sound insulation, low cost, convenient use, and the like. The novel thermal insulation material can be directly applied on buildings, containers, pipelines, reactors, household appliances and the like through a plurality of construction methods, thereby achieving the effects of thermal insulation and energy conservation.