The invention relates to an ionization device, in particular to a ring dielectric barrier discharge ionization device, which comprises an insulating medium cavity, discharge electrodes, a repeller electrode, an insulating medium and a power supply, wherein one end of the insulating medium cavity is open, and the other end of the insulating medium cavity is closed; a gas inlet is formed in a sidewall close to the closed end of the insulating medium cavity; the discharge electrodes are ring electrodes which form a group, closely surround the periphery of the middle part of the insulating medium cavity, and are clad by the insulating medium; the repeller electrode is a circular metal plate, and is arranged in the closed end of the insulating medium cavity and positioned above the discharge electrodes; and the power supply supplies power to the discharge electrodes. The ring dielectric barrier discharge ionization device has the characteristics of discharge stability, no electrode pollution, oxidation resistance, low power consumption, long service life, wide working air pressure range and the like, and can be widely applied in the fields of mass spectrometric ionization sources, plasma treatment, material preparation and the like.