The invention discloses a deep-well aeration tank, an enhanced wastewater nitrogen and phosphorus removal device and an enhanced wastewater nitrogen and phosphorus removal method, relates to a deep-well aeration tank, a wastewater treatment device and a wastewater treatment method, and provides a water treatment method and device suitable for treating municipal wastewater, particularly municipal wastewater in northeast China, small in floor area, low in energy consumption and easy to operate and maintain. The deep-well aeration tank comprises an outer deep-well aeration tank barrel, an inner deep-well aeration tank barrel, a deaeration tank and an aeration device. The enhanced wastewater nitrogen and phosphorus removal device comprises a water storage tank, an anaerobic tank, an anoxic tank, the deep-well aeration tank, a first deaeration tank, a second deaeration tank, a secondary sedimentation tank, a water inlet pump, a sludge return pump, a nitrification liquid return pump, a water outlet and a sludge valve. The enhanced wastewater nitrogen and phosphorus removal method comprises the following steps: 1, domesticating activated sludge in the deep-well aeration tank; 2, treating wastewater; 3, discharging water treated by the secondary sedimentation tank through the water outlet, and discharging the residual sludge through the sludge valve. The enhanced wastewater nitrogen and phosphorus removal device has unit land area treatment capability of 20,000 cubic meters per day, organic load capable of reaching more than 0.8kgBOD/kgMLSS and high dissolved oxygen utilization rate.