The invention discloses hirudo polypeptide with functions of antithrombus and brain nerve cell protection and application of the hirudo polypeptide, and relates to the fields of traditional Chinese medicine, natural medicine and health care products. The structure of the hirudo polypeptide is presented as a formula I, human umbilical vein endothelial cell expressing vascular hemophilia factor (vWF) and a plasminogen activator inhibitor-1(PAI-1) can be significantly lowered at the low concentration of the hirudo polypeptide, the survival rate of nerve cells after oxygen and glucose deprivationis increased, platelet aggregation in vitro is inhibited, the plasma recalcification time is prolonged, formation of thrombi in vivo is reduced, neurobehavior after cerebral infarction of a rat is improved, encephaledema is relieved, the area of cerebral infarction is reduced, the toxicity is low, good application prospects are achieved, and the hirudo polypeptide can be used for preparing medicine or health care products for treating or adjuvant therapy of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, thrombi and cerebral post-stroke nerve function deficit. The formulaI is NH2-Leu-D-Leu-Ser-Gly-Val-R whitmantide A: R=D-Leu-Gly-COOHwhitmantide B: R=D-Leu-Gly-Gly-COOH whitmantide C: R=COOH.