The invention discloses a synthesis method of starch-based N-butyl glucose lauramide used as a surfactant, which comprises the following steps of: adding water to starch to prepare starch milk, regulating the pH value, adding calcium chloride and amylase, heating in a water bath to enable the starch to be subjected to liquefaction reaction, inactivating enzymes at high temperature after complete liquefaction, regulating the pH value, adding saccharifying enzymes, heating in the water bath, carrying out saccharification, inactivating enzymes at high temperature, cooling and filtering to obtaina hydrolyzed glucose solution; adding the hydrolyzed glucose solution and n-butylamine by the amino-sugar ratio, adding water, a color resisting agent and a polymer rhodium catalyst simultaneously, heating while stirring, controlling the pH value of the system, and carrying out amination to prepare N-butyl glucosamine; and adding aminate and lauric acid, adding aminoacylase simultaneously, heating while stirring, controlling the pH value of the system, and carrying out acidylation to prepare the N-butyl glucose lauramide. The invention has the advantages of simple process, low cost and high utilization ratio of raw materials and the product has low surface tension, excellent foaming performance, no toxicity and no stimulation and can be biologically degraded easily.