The invention relates to a forming process of a resin-based three-dimensional braided composite material. The forming process comprises the following steps of (1) preparing prefabricated elements; (2) preparing a mold; (3), assembling the mold; (4) preparing resin; (5) injecting glue; (6) curing; and (7) opening the mold. The forming process of the resin-based three-dimensional braided composite material has the characteristics of low energy consumption, less environment pollution, accurate product size, good surface quality, high stability, high finished product rate, and capability of forming products with complex shapes. The mold manufacture and material selection are high in flexibility, and complex constructional elements with favorable surface quality and high dimension accuracy can be manufactured; the fiber volume of the composite material is high; the composite material product is low in porosity; the formed three-dimensional braided composite material generally is not required to be subjected to mechanical processing, and therefore, not only is the additional expense reduced, but also the fiber damage caused by post processing is also prevented. The forming process of the resin-based three-dimensional braided composite material is widely applied to the fields of aerospace, national defense, war industry, traffic transportation, buildings, civil industry and the like.