The invention provides an ablative gas-phase product sampling device for a heat-proof material flat plate model, and relates to the technical field of aircraft ground assessment tests. The flat plate model is installed in the tool, upstream
airflow is used for heating the flat plate model, the flat plate model is heated to be ablated, and an ablated
gas phase product is released; a cooling
water channel is formed in the tool, so that the tool can work for a long time in a pneumatic thermal environment; the stop block is connected to the downstream side of the tool and used for limiting displacement of the flat plate model in the
airflow direction. The sampler is installed in the check block and used for collecting ablated
gas phase products released after the flat plate model is heated. The device can adapt to a severe test environment brought by high-temperature supersonic
airflow, in-situ sampling of ablated
gas phase products under the vacuum condition is achieved, and meanwhile the sampling process and the ablating process do not interfere with each other.