98 results about "Rhizophora apiculata" patented technology

The invention provides a sewage treatment method of a vertical current mangrove forest constructed wetland ecosystem. The sewage treatment method comprises the following steps of: A, establishing a constructed wetland; B, paving a water inlet pipe on the surface layer of the constructed wetland flatly, wherein a plurality of holes are distributed at two sides of the bottom of the water inlet pipe; C, paving gravels at the bottom of a constructed wetland bed body, paving broken stones on the gravels, paving oyster shells on the broken stones, paving a PVC (Poly Vinyl Chloride) flexible plate with meshes on the oyster shells, paving mangrove forest planting soil on the flexible plate for plating mangrove plants; D, filling oyster shells in a water inlet region, artificially stocking large benthonic animals on the mangrove forest planting soil layer; and E, every other 8-15 years, completely felling the mangrove plants, and re-planting the mangrove plants. According to the invention, the mangrove plants as perennial woody plants are used as the plants in the constructed wetland, thus the problem that the plants in the wetland need to be harvested every year is saved, and a large quantity of manpower and material resources are saved.

The invention discloses a construction method of near natural mangrove forests at reef shallows. Three layers of cofferdams sequentially including a first cofferdam, a second cofferdam and a third cofferdam are arranged, wherein the first cofferdam is formed through piling of hollow wave resistant blocks, and mangrove plants are planted; a pioneer protection layer is between the first cofferdam and the second cofferdam, a near natural recovery layer is between the second cofferdam and the third cofferdam, and local mangrove forest plants are planted; and a seedling supply layer is in the thirdcofferdam. According to the construction method of near natural mangrove forests at reef shallows, the pioneer protection layer is arranged outside, so that the effects of preventing wind and preventing waves can be achieved, destruction of the wind and the waves to the near natural recovery layer is decreased, and planting of the local mangrove forest plants in the near natural recovery layer isfacilitated; mangrove plantlets are cultivated in the seedling supply layer, and seedlings can be voluntarily and continuously supplied to the near natural recovery layer, so that long distance purchase and transportation of seedling sources can be avoided, and the production cost can be reduced; and three layers are divided, so that ecological stability and species diversity of mangrove forest communities are increased. The construction method disclosed by the invention is used for the field of mangrove forest planting.

The invention discloses a mangrove plant big seedling transplantation protective cover and application thereof. The protective cover is barrel-shaped and is provided with no cover on the top or at the bottom, wherein the periphery of the cover body consists of a bamboo net; the interior of the cover body is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the bamboo net by using a plurality of fixing rods; and when the protective cover is used, the protective cover is sleeved from the space above a plant, and all the fixing rods and the bamboo net are partially implanted into soil. According to the mangrove plant big seedling transplantation protective cover, the impact of tide on a tree seedling can be reduced, bottom mud can be effectively prevented from being hollowed out by the tide, the survival rate of afforestation can be improved, particularly, the manual working time on tidal flat can be saved, and the resource is saved. The protective cover is made of a natural material, so that secondary pollution caused by an artificial synthetic material can be avoided, and the manual disassembly cost can be reduced through automatic rotting. The protective cover has the advantages of simple structure, low cost and convenience in use.

The invention discloses a mangrove forest ecological restoration method. The mangrove forest ecological restoration method comprises the following steps that firstly, environmental characteristics of a mangrove forest restoration area are investigated and measured, and the environmental characteristics comprise water environment characteristics, soil quality characteristics and wind wave magnitude; the mangrove forest restoration area is divided according to data obtained by investigation, and an area needing ecological restoration is determined; composite microbial strains are thrown or indigenous mangrove plants are planted for purifying sewage in the area needing water environment ecological restoration to improve the water quality; soil remediation is carried out in the area needing soil ecological restoration; local mangrove seedlings are planted and reinforced in the area needing ecological restoration according to magnitude of wind waves; and the mangrove forest restoration area is regularly monitored and maintained, and the plant growth state is observed. Through a microbial restoration technology and a mangrove forest ecological restoration technology, the survival rate of mangrove plants is increased, the water quality is purified, soil nutrients are improved, degradation of a mangrove forest ecological system is effectively restrained, and biological diversity is improved.

The invention provides a method for constructing mangrove forests in lagoons, and relates to the technical field of trees and mangrove forests. The method comprises the following steps of collecting data: collecting and gathering hydrogeology data and environment data at a planting region, and calculating the average water surface and water level; performing dam reclamation: performing dam reclamation, backfilling planting soil to form a continuous planting beach face, wherein the side near water, of the planting beach face is low, the side near the bank, of the planting beach face is high, the slope is 1:150-1:100, and according to the hydrological data, filling the average planting mud face until the average planting mud face is 0.2-0.5m higher than the average water surface and water level in the lagoons; performing trial planting: performing trial planting of mangrove plants on the planting mud face, and adjusting and determining mangrove forest planting technological parameters and planting varieties; and performing planting: according to planting technological parameters determined through trial planting, distributing nursery stocks, and performing forest sealing for conservation. Through the adoption of the method disclosed by the invention, the mangrove forests can be successfully constructed by the mangrove plants in the lagoons, the survival rate of the mangrove plants is high, and the root rotting rate is low.

The invention discloses a mangrove plant species rapid identification method based on an unmanned aerial vehicle, and the method comprises the steps: firstly preprocessing visible light remote sensingdata collected by the unmanned aerial vehicle to acquire a data set needed by a training model; then, generating a digital surface model of the research sample plot through three-dimensional point cloud reconstruction, and pre-classifying the plants in the image into three types by utilizing the height information of the plants represented by the digital surface model; and finally, obtaining classification results of a pixel-level type identification algorithm and an object-oriented type identification algorithm, constructing a mangrove plant classification identification weight database according to different species identification precisions of the two algorithms, and performing refined classification on a pre-classification result according to weights in the database to obtain an accurate mangrove plant type. And the precision of mangrove forest species identification is improved. When species identification is carried out on the same region at different time or in regions with similar plant community types, the weight parameters in the weight database can be directly called, so that the classification and identification efficiency and universality are improved.

The invention discloses a method for evaluating the health condition and human-induced restoration effect of mangrove forest and application thereof. According to the method, mangrove forest which is polluted on coastal wetland in Shenzhen City and is under restoration is taken as a research implementation object, and data of three different mangrove types, namely, aegiceras corniculatum, kenaelia candel and sonneratia apetala in a negative control region, a restoration region and a positive control region in August (summer) and November (winter) of 2014 is acquired respectively for analysis. As proved by the result, a mangrove forest health index selected with the method, and a health index computed according to a set index weight and an establish health evaluation system are consistent with the preferential order of the health state of the mangrove forest. The method is suitable for the health evaluation of manually-restored mangrove forest on coastal wetland in Shenzhen City, and can be adopted in other regions as a method for evaluating the human-induced restoration effect of the mangrove forest.

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural seedling raising, in particular to a degradable seedling raising pot for breeding rhizophora apiculata. The seedling raising pot is specially designed for a rhizophora apiculata growth environment, and comprises a seedling raising pot body, a base and an anchoring portion. In order to facilitate a root system to penetrate sand during planting with the pot body, an air hole is formed in the bottom of the seedling raising pot; in order to further fasten nursery stocks and prevent the same from lodging and rotting or being flushed awayby sweater, the seedling raising pot is provided with the anchoring portion and the base; the anchoring portion is arranged at the mouth of the pot and can rotate, the base is connected with the pot body through a connecting rod, and two ends of the base can be demounted. The degradable seedling raising pot is integrally made from a decomposable organic material, the pot body does not need to be taken out during planting, convenience, fastness and environment protection are achieved, the survival rate after planting is high, and the work efficiency is improved.

The invention discloses a method for constructing a mangrove forest on an offshore river bank. The method comprises the following steps of establishing a temporary cofferdam on the edge of the offshore river bank, excavating earthwork of the offshore river bank, reducing the elevation of the offshore river bank to form a planting slope, and dividing a mangrove pre-planting area and a semi-mangrovepre-planting area according to a first highest tide level line; improving the soil of the mangrove pre-planting area, and improving or replacing the soil of the semi-mangrove pre-planting area; laying an anti-scouring blanket on the slope surface of the planting slope; removing the temporary cofferdam, measuring to obtain a second highest tide level line, and dividing a mangrove planting area anda semi-mangrove planting area according to the second highest tide level line. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the planting slope is formed by reducing the elevation of the offshore river bank, and the soil on the planting slope is improved or replaced so as to be suitable for the growth of mangrove forest plants and semi-mangrove forest plants. The method not only aims at mudflat reconstruction, but also is wide in application range, capable of effectively increasing the distribution area of the mangrove forest, improving the forest stand quality, and improving the ecological value and landscape value of the offshore riverway.

The invention belongs to the technical field of creating frosts on coastal subtidal zone mud flat non-suitable for forests and in particular relates to a method for constructing and creating a mangrove protection forest on a mud flat non-suitable for frosts. The method comprises the following steps: (1) manufacturing culture tanks; (2) arranging the culture tanks, namely taking a lowest water level line where a coast land suitable for forests extends to an ocean as a reference line, setting a part at an elevation of 0.30m on the lowest water level line in an area of the land suitable for forests as an outer line of the land suitable for forests, arranging the culture tanks on a mud flat non-suitable for forests parallel to the outer line of the land suitable for forests, and exposing the top surfaces of the culture tanks outside the water level of a subtidal zone, wherein the top surfaces are 10cm higher than the elevation of the outer line of the land suitable for forests; and (3) filling the culture tanks with soil taken outside a tidal flat till the filling height is parallel to the elevation of the outer line of the land suitable for forests, and planting grown trees and seedlings of a mangrove forest in the culture tanks, or performing inter-cut on mangrove forest plant embryos in the culture tanks. By adopting the method provided by the invention, the mangrove forest is cultured in the subtidal zone of the front edge of a belt suitable for forests, wave prevention and siltation promotion can be achieved, the planting area of the mangrove forest can be increased to themaximum extent, the forest creation cost can be lowered, and the ecological benefits of a littoral environment can be increased.

The invention provides a mangrove constructed wetland typhoon preventing method. The method includes the steps of firstly, selecting a bay area near shore which can be normally submerged by tide wateras a planting site, building a cofferdam on the outer edge of the planting site to fix the beach, and filling muddy soil around the planting site into the cofferdam, wherein a fixing layer is laid atthe bottom of the cofferdam, and the seawater salinity of the planting site is not larger than 25%.; secondly, ridging in the planting site inside the cofferdam, arranging tidal furrows vertical to the ridges, and fertilizing and sterilizing the ridges; thirdly, planting mangrove seedlings from ridges above the mean sea level to the ridges on the high tidal flat, and arranging wave-preventing seedling supporting devices on one sides of the mangrove seedlings. By the method, the problems of mangrove lodging and low mangrove survival rate caused by bad mud flat conditions, head-on typhoon impact and the like can be solved.

The invention relates to the technical field of mangrove plant seedling raising, in particular to a mangrove plant seedling raising substrate and a seedling raising method. The substrate comprises beach sludge, sea sand, branch fertilizer, chicken manure and an AM microbial inoculum, and the volume ratio of the beach sludge to the sea sand to the branch fertilizer to the chicken manure to the AM microbial inoculum is (50-80): (10-40): (5-30): (5-15): (1-10). According to the mangrove plant seedling raising substrate, by adding the branch fertilizer into the substrate, the branch fertilizer enables the substrate to be loose and porous, and therefore development of mangrove plant roots is facilitated; in addition, the branch fertilizer serves as long-term fertilizer to supply fertilizer to mangrove plants for a long time, relative to the branch fertilizer, the chicken manure serves as short-term fertilizer to conduct early-stage fertilization on the mangrove plants, and the chicken manure and the branch fertilizer are complementary in fertilizer supply effect, so that nutrients are provided for growth of the mangrove plants. Subsequent frequent fertilization is reduced, and investment and cost of manual management are reduced.

The invention provides a mangrove plant rhizosphere growth-promoting nitrogen fixing bacterium (DZY-HS14) and an application thereof. The bacterium is the bacillus sp. DZY-HS14 screened from the rhizosphere settlings of the tropical mangrove plants and contains 16SrDNA serial and nifH and is stored in the CCTCC; the collection number is CCTCCNO: M207043. The strain has high biological nitrogen fixing activity; the microbial inoculum with the bacterium is used to breed mangrove plants such as rhizophora stylosa and bruguiera, which can evidently promote the growth of plants, thereby being capable of preparing the biological nitrogen fixing bacterium fertilizer promoting the growth of mangrove plants.

The invention belongs to the field of molecular ecology experiments, and particularly provides a CTAB (cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide) extraction method for an improved genome DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) version of an endangered semi-mangrove plant tung paulownia. The endangered semi-mangrove plant paulownia fortunei is rich in polysaccharide and polyphenol, so that the tissue grinding fluid is extremely viscous, and the extraction of nucleic acid with good quality is extremely difficult. On the basis of a traditional CTAB method, cells are split by adopting an improved lysis solution, and extraction is carried out through a mixed solution of Tris balanced phenol-chloroform-isoamyl alcohol in a certain proportion. The DNA is precipitated by using sodium acetate-isopropanol with improved volume, and then the DNA is purified so as to obtain the high-quality genome DNA. The DNA extracted by adopting the method for extracting the nucleic acid of the endangered semi-mangrove plant tung paulownia, provided by the invention, is high in concentration and purity and is not easy to degrade, and most importantly, polysaccharide and polyphenol can be effectively removed. A foundation is laid for subsequent molecular biology experiments such as PCR amplification, molecular marker technology development, genome library construction and the like.

The invention discloses a method for performing ecological restoration of hardened river banks by mangrove forest plants. The method comprises the following steps: removing concrete hard banks on two sides of a river channel, and protecting the banks by adopting gabion retaining walls; driving tightly arranged pine piles into a riverbed, 2-3 m away from the banks, on the inner sides of the gabion retaining walls, and filling the area defined by the pine piles and the river banks with soil to form a first beach face; in a river section with a wider river channel cross section and a lower flow speed, forming a stepped slope according to terrains; planting true mangrove plants on the first beach face; and planting the true mangrove plants and semi-mangrove plants sequentially from the near-water side to the near-shore side. According to the method, the maximum water passing amount of the cross section is increased by removing the concrete river banks and adopting the terrain design of the gabion retaining walls and the stepped slope, and the flood discharging function is enhanced. The mangrove forest plants are planted on the two sides of the river, formation of different types of habitats such as the river, mangrove forests and semi-mangrove forests is promoted, various water pollution indexes such as ammonia nitrogen, COD (chemical oxygen demand) and the like are obviously reduced, and DO (dissolved oxygen) is obviously increased.

The invention belongs to the aspect of molecular biology, and particularly relates to a method for extracting nucleic acid of endangered semi-mangrove plant Hernandia nymphaeifolia. The method comprises the following steps: cracking cells by using an improved lysis solution, performing extraction by using a mixed solution of Tris balanced phenol-chloroform-isoamyl alcohol in a certain proportion, and performing extraction by using Tris balanced phenol with the same volume in order to more thoroughly remove glycoprotein; and precipitating and purifying the DNA by using sodium acetate-isopropanol with improved volume, so as to obtain the high-quality genome DNA. The DNA extracted by the method provided by the invention is high in concentration and purity, is not easy to degrade, the damage of superoxide anion free radicals or active oxygen to the DNA is prevented, and a foundation is laid for subsequent molecular biology experiments such as PCR amplification, molecular marker technology development, genome library construction and the like.

The invention discloses an ecological base stock for field planting engineering of a mangrove forest, a preparation method for the ecological base stock and application of the ecological base stock. The ecological base stock for field planting engineering of the mangrove forest is prepared from a porous material, peat, a functional microbe and decomposed manure of livestock and poultry, wherein aratio (in parts by mass) of the porous material to the decomposed manure of livestock and poultry to the peat is (1 to 5): (2 to 3): (5 to 10); and the addition level of the functional microbe accounts for 1.5%-3.5% the total mass of the ecological base stock. The functional microbe is bacillus amyloliquefaciens IAE. The porous material comprises ceramsite, biochar large granules and a macro-porosity lightweight substance; the peat comprises pearlite and coco coir; and the decomposed manure comprises fermented chicken manure and cattle manure. The ecological base stock is laid in holes of a tidal flat for transplanting young mangrove plants. According to the ecological base stock, pores of soil/deposit are increased, water exchange capacity of the deposit is improved, the oxygen content ofroot systems of the young mangrove plants is increased, and the survival rate and growth speed of the young mangrove plants are increased.

The invention relates to the technical field of forestry afforestation, in particular to a rapid seedling raising method for semi-mangrove plant heritiera littoralis dryand. The rapid seedling raising method comprises the following steps that (1), seed collection and disinfection are carried out, specifically, mature and pest-free heritiera littoralis dryand fruits are collected and disinfected; (2), the fruits are pretreated, specifically, part of shells of the disinfected heritiera littoralis dryand fruits are cut off, the fruits with poor endosperm development are removed, and the fruits are soaked in a solution A to accelerate germination; (3), soil preparation is carried out, specifically, a seedbed is leveled, smooth drainage is ensured, and weeds are removed; (4), a medium is prepared, specifically, the culture medium is prepared from sea mud, sea sand and plant ash; (5), planting is carried out, specifically, the fruits subjected to germination acceleration are planted in a nutrition bag filled with the culture medium; and (6), seedlings are transplanted, specifically, when the height of the seedlings of the heritiera littoralis dryand is 20-30cm, the seedlings are transplanted into non-woven bags filled with the culture medium in the step (4), the height of the seedlings is 45-55cm, and the seedlings can be outplanted. The rapid seedling raising method for the semi-mangrove plant heritiera littoralis dryand has the advantages of being good in germination rate, seedling preservation rate and seedling height effect and short in seedling raising period.

The invention provides a seedling raising method for mangrove plants and bruguiera sexangula. The seedling raising method specifically comprises the steps of site selection and soil preparation, seedling raising substrate preparation, seed collection, sowing, water and fertilizer management, pest control, seedling hardening, outplanting and the like. According to the method, nutrient soil is adopted as a seedling substrate and specifically comprises 50-70 parts of red soil, 25-35 parts of cow dung, 8-12 parts of sandy soil, 2-5 parts of banana straw, 1-3 parts of leaves and a soil additive, and the adding amount of the soil additive is 2-6% of a weight of the red soil. The seedling raising method for the bruguiera sexangula is high in survival rate, low in environmental pollution and high in economic value.

The invention provides a mangrove forest ecological restorability evaluation method based on the unmanned aerial vehicle hyperspectrum, which comprises the steps of collecting samples in a research area in a plurality of preset periods, and obtaining a sample set, original plant function character data corresponding to plant function characters in the sample set and original soil attribute data corresponding to soil attributes in the sample set are obtained; performing remote sensing inversion on the original plant functional character data, performing spatial prediction on the original soil attribute data, and determining to-be-used plant functional character data and to-be-used soil attribute data; splitting the ecological restorability into resistance and reconstruction capability based on plant functional traits and resistance and reconstruction capability based on soil attributes, and calculating the ecological restorability of the mangrove plant according to the standby plant functional trait data and the standby soil attribute data. According to the invention, continuous monitoring of mangrove plant functional traits and soil attributes in a small scale can be completed, and quantitative estimation and evaluation of mangrove plant ecological restorability after interference is stopped are realized.

The invention relates to a method for preparing a novel triterpenoid saponin compound and application in diamondback moth control thereof. The triterpenoid saponin is obtained by extracting fraction of a mangrove-associated plant, namely Catunaregam spinosa, by using an organic solvent and then performing all kinds of conventional column chromatographic separation and high performance liquid chromatographic separation. As the novel triterpenoid saponin compound has a certain antifeedant effect on agricultural pests, the novel triterpenoid saponin compound can be used for preparing botanical pesticide.

The invention discloses a sheep feed additive and a preparation method thereof. The feed additive comprises the following raw materials: angelica sinensis, indigowoad root, farfugium japonicum, mangrove bark, hoya carnosa, Japanese polypody rhizome, flos sophorae, equisetum arvense, salicornia europaea, talcum powder, siberian nitraria fruit and umbilicaria hypococcina. The sheep feed additive has the beneficial effects that the sheep feed additive disclosed by the invention is suitable for a spring and summer alteration period or autumn, can effectively prevent enterotoxemia of sheep, and can also improve the disease capacity of the sheep; the raw materials of the sheep feed additive are all natural products, and have the advantages of high safety, no drug residue, no toxic or side effect and the like.