The invention discloses cellulosimicrobium cellulans and a method for producing trehalose through the penetration fermentation of the cellulosimicrobium cellulans. The new strain is named as the cellulosimicrobium cellulans S32, and the preservation number of the strain is CGMCC (China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center) N0.5841. According to the method, glucose serves as a substrate; the penetration fermentation is performed on the cellulosimicrobium cellulans S32 after the cellulosimicrobium cellulans S32 is cultured; after being subjected to stress, cellulosimicrobium cellulans cells generate more trehalose synthetase systems and become permeability cells; and a great deal of intracellular trehalose synthetase systems are synthetized into extracellular trehalose. The conversion rate from the glucose to the trehalose reaches 60%, carbohydrate by-products are avoided, the product is easy to separate, the production processes are intensive, the equipment investment is less, and the production cost is lower. Due to the good non-specificity protective effect on large biological molecules, the prepared trehalose has a wide application prospect in the fields of medicaments, cosmetics, foods and the like.