The invention discloses an FPGA-based real-time remote sensing image geographic reference method. The method comprises the steps of: S1. selecting geographic reference image coordinates to construct acontrol point-to-coordinate relationship model; S2. selecting corresponding coordinate parameters from the control point-to-coordinate relationship model to convert to-be-corrected image coordinates(xg, yg); S3, judging whether the to-be-corrected image coordinates (xg, yg) are positive numbers, and if so, entering the next step; otherwise, ending; S4, judging whether the to-be-corrected image coordinates (xg, yg) are within a selected geographic reference image range, and if so, entering the next step; otherwise, ending; and S5, obtaining a gray value of the to-be-corrected image coordinates (xg, yg) through the nearest-neighbor interpolation algorithm, and performing resampling to output a remote sensing image with geographic coordinates. The method is implemented by using FPGA as hardware, the design hardware language is the Verilog_HDL language, the algorithm code simulation is effective, and the real-time output of the geographic reference images is realized.