The invention discloses a manufacturing method of a stainless steel square pipe. A forged round ingot is adopted as a pipe billet and subjected to hot extrusion, cold deformation, heat treatment and surface treatment to form a finished product. The method comprises the specific steps that 1, a semi-finished round pipe corresponding to the finished product in size is prepared from the stainless steel pipe billet through the seamless forming technology comprising hot extrusion and cold rolling/cold drawing; 2, a square pipe meeting size requirements is prepared from the semi-finished round pipe through a two-pass drawing method, wherein the first pass is sink drawing, and the second pass is short mandrel liner drawing; and 3, heat treatment is carried out, wherein a roller bottom type heat treatment furnace is adopted for the finished product for solid solution heat treatment, and the heat treatment process comprises four stages. The stainless steel square pipe can be applied to waste heat exhaust heat exchangers of third-generation nuclear reactors such as AP1000, CAP1000, CAP1400 and Hualong One, has the special section shape, high corrosion resistance, high surface smoothness and high boundary dimension precision and is required to pass strict ultrasonic flaw detection and liquid penetrating tests.