The invention relates to a test-tube membrane component and a membrane accumulator with the same, belongs to the technical field of energy storage, and is intended to effectively solve the problem that an existing accumulator has low energy accumulation density and low practicality and economy. The membrane accumulator comprises fixing bolts, positioning plates, support orifice plates, test-tube membrane components, porous supports, a support framework, a solution, a solution outlet connection tube, a solution inlet connection tube, a steam connection tube, fastening bolts, a lower sealing orifice plate, sealing filler, an upper sealing orifice plate, and a housing. When the membrane accumulator experiences inside crystal, water vapor may enter the solution via a semipermeable membrane of the membrane component, the crystal absorbs the water vapor so as to be diluted, and heat released increases the crystal dissolving speed. When enhancing heat transfer and mass transfer efficiency is required, more test-tube membrane components can be added in the accumulator via simple operations so as to arrive at enhancement. The test-tube membrane component and the membrane accumulator are simple in structure, good in operational reliability, good in crystallization resistance, and high in energy accumulation density, and mass transfer efficiency can be enhanced via simple operations.