The invention discloses a vaccine refrigeration device. The vaccine refrigeration device structurally comprises a refrigerating case, a refrigerating circulation machine body, a handle, a vaccine containing case, a protection cover, a cover opening handle, a machine body heat radiating groove and a refrigerating maintenance cover plate, wherein the refrigerating case is shaped like a cuboid, the top end of the refrigerating case is in locking connection with the refrigerating circulation machine body, the refrigerating maintenance cover plate is in locking connection with the right side of thefront end of the refrigerating case in an inlaid manner, the machine body heat radiating groove is integrally formed in the middle of the front end of the refrigerating maintenance cover plate in a penetrating manner, and the vaccine containing case is shaped like a cuboid and is in locking connection with the upper portion of the refrigerating circulation machine body. When the vaccine refrigeration device is used, switching selection of a needed vaccine column can be conducted when the vaccine refrigeration device is not started by means of a mechanism formed by springs, gears, lamp post, bearings and the like, and selection stability can be guaranteed; and display prompt can be conducted, vaccine damage caused by stacking selection taking of vaccines is better prevented, and using is convenient to achieve.