The invention relates to a production process of high-toughness and ultra-high strength steel and a production system thereof. The production system comprises a descaling box, a roughing mill, a temperature waiting roller table, a finishing mill, an ultra-fast cooling system, a thermal straightening machine, steel splitting racks and an open flame tempering furnace. The production process comprises the following steps of: fully heating a plate blank, discharging the plate blank from a furnace, descaling the plate blank, sequentially performing rough rolling, temperature waiting, finish rolling, on-line ultra-fast quenching and fast thermal straightening, separating the plate blank from a main production line through the steel splitting racks, fast sending a steel plate into the open flame tempering furnace for heat insulation, performing carbon distribution at PT (carbon distribution temperature), discharging the steel plate from the furnace, and then performing air cooling. The sequential arrangement of equipment of the production line is as follows: the heating furnace, the plate blank, the descaling box, the roughing mill, an intermediate blank, the finishing mill, a pre-straightening machine, an ultra-fast cooling unit, the thermal straightening machine, the first steel splitting rack, the open flame tempering furnace, the second steel splitting rack, a thick plate cooling bed and an intermediate plate cooling bed.