The invention discloses a method for measuring trap parameters in an XLPE cable based on a polarizing-depolarizing current test. In the method, firstly, detrapping current is extracted from the polarizing current, then, staged linear fitting is executed for the detrapping current, moreover, fitting parameters A<m>. Tau<m> and Tau<m> are used to represent trap parameters, such as trap charge density and trap depth, in the XLPE current, and consequently, trap charge density and charge accumulation conditions of the XLPE cable insulation are reflected. The method provided by the invention can guarantee accuracy and effectiveness of trap parameter measurement; moreover, in the method, staged linear fitting is executed for the detrapping current, fitting effect is excellent, various interference signals are eliminated, thus, accuracy of trap parameter measurement is improved further; moreover, the method is based on a PDC nondestructive test method, has no high requirement on test apparatuses, is simple to operate, has no damage to cable insulation, has very high practicability in the aspect of acquiring XLPE cable trap characteristics, and is suitable for being generalized and used insuch field.