181results about How to "Inhibition rate" patented technology

Provided herein are biomedical devices and methods of making and using biomedical devices for sensing and actuation applications. For example, flexible and/or stretchable biomedical devices are provided including electronic devices useful for establishing in situ conformal contact with a tissue in a biological environment. The invention includes implantable electronic devices and devices administered to the surfaces(s) of a target tissue, for example, for obtaining electrophysiology data from a tissue such as cardiac, brain tissue or skin.

A wireless combination time, frequency and spectral shaping communications method that transmits data in convolution unit matrices (data frames) of N×N (N²), where generally either all N² data symbols or elements are received over N spreading time intervals (each composed of N time slices), or none are. To transmit, each data element is assigned a unique waveform which is derived from a basic waveform of duration N time slices over one spreading time interval, where each basic waveform has a data element specific combination of a time and frequency cyclic shift. At the receiver, the received signal is correlated with the set of all N² waveforms previously assigned to each data element by a transmitter for that specific time spreading interval, producing a unique correlation score for each one of the N² data elements. The scores are summed over each data element, and this summation reproduces the data frame.

A wireless combination time, frequency and spectral shaping communications method that transmits data in convolution unit matrices (data frames) of N×N (N²), where generally either all N² data symbols are received over N spreading time intervals (each composed of N time slices), or none are. To transmit, the N² sized data frame matrix is multiplied by a first N×N time-frequency shifting matrix, permuted, and then multiplied by a second N×N spectral shaping matrix, thereby mixing each data symbol across the entire resulting N×N matrix (TFSSS data matrix). Columns from this N² TFSSS data matrix are selected, modulated, and transmitted, on a one element per time slice basis. At the receiver, the replica TFSSS matrix is reconstructed and deconvoluted, revealing the data. The method can accommodate multiple users at once, can adapt to changing channel conditions, and is particularly useful for coping with channel impairments such as Doppler shifts.

A system and method for adaptively controlling the encoded data rate in a data compression system. The system and method sets up alternative encoded bit streams for each segment of data and selects the alternative that would produce the bit rate closest to a predetermined target bit rate for transmission. Each segment of video input is quantized based on a set quantization settings to produce a plurality of quantized segments. Each quantized segment is then variable rate encoded to produce an alternative encoded bit stream. The data rate that would be required to transmit each alternative encoded bit stream is determined and compared with a predetermined target bit rate, which is set according to the transmission rate buffer status. The selected encoded bit stream is provided to the transmission rate buffer in preparation for transmission. Having processed one segment of data, the system and method then updates its parameters for processing the next segment of data. An updated target bit rate is determined based on the rate buffer status at this point. A rate versus quantization index model is derived according to the data rates of the encoded streams and the corresponding quantization indices. A new set of weighting mask functions is then produced in accordance with the model and the quantization indices. The new set of quantization indices is to be used for processing the next segment of data.

The present invention provides a dressing method of dressing a polishing pad used in a polishing apparatus for polishing a substrate. This method includes repetitively moving the dresser on an upper surface of the polishing pad in a radial direction of the polishing pad so as to perform a dressing process on the polishing pad, during the dressing process, measuring a height of an upper surface of the polishing pad at a predetermined point in one of plural zones on the polishing surface, and repeating the repetitive moving of the dresser and the measuring of the height of the upper surface of the polishing pad so as to measure the height of the upper surface of the polishing pad in all of the plural zones.

Embodiments of the invention are directed toward devices for emitting a volatile substance, and associated methods of producing such devices. In one embodiment, the delivery device for a volatile substance includes an active layer that is created from a dried polymer solution that contains the volatile substance. A release liner is in direct contact with the active layer, and covers a side of the active layer. The polymer solution may include thickeners, plasticizers, dyes, and preservatives. The devices may deliver volatile substances such as fragrances, masking odors, or therapeutic agents. Some embodiments of the invention are directed toward a patch by positioning a barrier layer on the active layer; the barrier layer may adhere to a surface, and isolate the surface from the active layer. Other embodiments are directed toward controlling the rate of delivery of the volatile agents from patches and other volatile delivery devices.

An apparatus and method for transmitting and receiving wireless packet data are provided. In a wireless packet data transmitter for transmitting to a wireless packet data receiver data packet on a transport channel and control information for supporting the transport channel on a control channel in a wireless packet data communications system, a padding bit eliminator eliminates optional padding bits of a variable size from a transport block for data packet transmission. A transport channel encoder for transport channel-encodes the transport block without the padding bits and transmits the encoded transport block on the transport channel. A control channel encoder control channel-encodes the control information including a padding bit number indicator indicating the number of the eliminated padding bits and transmits the encoded control information on the control channel.

A chemical mechanical polishing composition, the polishing composition includes polishing abrasive, an oxidizing agent, an accelerating compound, an inhibitor, a co-inhibitor, and a solvent as the remaining. The composition can maintain a high removal rate through polishing, meantime it has a feature to inhibit static etch rate and lower the defect of polishing including metal dishing and erosion. Hence it needs no change of the composition for simultaneously removing a most part of a metal layer, particularly for a first stage of polishing bulk copper layer and for a second micro-polishing stage of removing the remaining less copper; the present invention has the advantage of simplifying processing and reducing waste.

The present invention provides novel methods for the localized delivery of inotropic agents to the heart, including specific regions of the heart, such as the ventricles, for example in a subject undergoing cardiothoracic surgery, with the aim of supporting the myocardial contractile function of the heart.

A multiple heating/cooling zone control system is disclosed. A heating/cooling system control device continuously monitors heating/cooling zone demand and matches the heating/cooling device output capacity to the total space or heat input required. Within the calculated heating/cooling device output capacity the heating/cooling device is modulated based on zone temperature setpoint to further adjust heating/cooling device output. As heat/cooling loss is increased heating/cooling device capacity and modulation are increased. Should heat/cooling loss decrease heating/cooling device capacity and modulation are decreased. Since heat/cooling output is adjusted based on the heat loss(gain) the heating/cooling device can be immediately adjusted to the proper or matching heating/cooling rate even before water/air temperature based adjustments can be made. Hence, the overall effect of the control device is a reduction in cycles of the heating/cooling device and the life of the heating/cooling device is extended and subsequent energy is saved.

Disclosed is a system, apparatus and method for improving a transmission rate by using an ACK piggybacking of a TCP in an asynchronous network environment. When an ACK packet for confirming reception of TCP data downloaded from a sender is transmitted, the ACK packet piggybacks another IP packet (or an IP datagram) to be transmitted through an uplink, i.e. the ACK packet is transmitted together with the IP packet. This removes congestion between the ACK packet and the IP packet, which are transmitted through the uplink, and reduces loss or delay of the ACK packet, which deteriorates the transmission rate.

A fan drive system for driving an engine cooling fan mounted in a working machine is described. The fan drive system includes a variable displacement pump that supplies oil to an actuator and is also used as a hydraulic pump for the hydraulic motor that drives the cooling fan. A pump displacement of a variable displacement pump can be controlled in accordance with the load of the working machine, and when a load is not generated in the working machine, the pump displacement of the variable displacement pump can be controlled in accordance with a load pressure of a hydraulic motor which drives a cooling fan. Examples of such working machines include a forklift, a skid steer loader (SSL) and a crawler dump.

Technology for selecting promotion(s) to display in a page of an application for display to a user is described. An example method includes determining a promotion for a product; calculating for the promotion a posterior distribution of a user-action probability reflecting estimates for a user response to a display of the promotion for the product on a computing device of the user; determining the posterior distribution as collapsing beyond a certain threshold; responsive thereto, calculating an uncollapsed posterior distribution of the user-action probability reflecting modified estimates for the user response to the display of the promotion for the product on a computing device of the user; storing the uncollapsed posterior distribution of the user-action probability in a response database; and determining whether to select the promotion from the promotion database for display on a computing device of the user based on the modified estimates.

A primary cell having an anode comprising lithium or lithium alloy and a cathode comprising iron disulfide (FeS₂) and carbon particles. The electrolyte comprises a lithium salt preferably lithium iodide (LiI) dissolved in an organic solvent mixture. The solvent mixture preferably comprises dioxolane and dimethoxyethane. The electrolyte typically contains between about 100 and 2000 parts by weight water per million parts by weight (ppm) electrolyte therein. The anode may be lithium metal or preferably is a lithium alloy. A cathode slurry is prepared comprising iron disulfide powder, carbon, binder, and a liquid solvent. The mixture is coated onto a conductive substrate and solvent evaporated leaving a dry cathode coating on the substrate. The anode and cathode can be spirally wound with separator therebetween and inserted into the cell casing with electrolyte then added.

A vehicle controller for controlling the air-fuel ratio of an engine is provided. In one embodiment, the controller comprises a first exhaust gas sensor provided downstream of the catalyst for detecting oxygen concentration of exhaust gas, a first decimation filter connected to the first exhaust gas sensor, and a control unit connected to the first decimation filter. The control unit determines a manipulated variable for manipulating the air-fuel ratio. The first decimation filter oversamples, low-pass filters and then downsamples the output of the first exhaust gas sensor. The first decimation filter can remove chemical noise from the output of the exhaust gas sensor. In another embodiment, a second decimation filter is connected to a second exhaust gas sensor provided upstream of the catalyst for detecting the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas. The second decimation filter oversamples, low-pass filters and then downsamples the output of the second exhaust gas sensor. The second decimation filter can compensate the shortage of resolution of the air-fuel ratio sensor.

An electronic-component conveying device includes a conveying plate which moves in one conveying direction and has a plurality of component-holders arranged at a predetermined pitch along the conveying direction. This conveying device further includes component-containers each containing a plurality of electronic components for supplying the components to the holders. The electronic components are held by the holders while being conveyed by the conveying plate. Cameras, i.e. a component-detecting unit, are provided for detecting the presence of the electronic components in the holders. A controller, i.e. a component-feeding unit, is provided for feeding additional electronic components to each of the containers based on the detection of the presence of the electronic components.