The welding, grinding and polishing switching integrated machining robot comprises a base plate, a machining table is fixedly installed at the top end of the base plate, a mechanical arm is fixedly installed at the position, corresponding to one side of the machining table, of the top end of the base plate, and fixing side plates are evenly, symmetrically and fixedly installed at the top end of the machining table; a driving screw rod is rotatably mounted between the two fixing side plates correspondingly, and one end of the driving screw rod penetrates through and is fixedly connected with a first transmission assembly. The machining robot is scientific and reasonable in structure and safe and convenient to use, and through the arrangement of a driving motor, a driven gear, a sliding block and a sliding plate, the machining efficiency of the machining robot in use is improved; according to the machining robot, the overall economic benefit of workpiece machining is improved, by arranging a conduction sliding rail, a clamping screw rod and a movable clamping plate, the adjustability of the machining robot when the machining robot is used for machining workpieces of different sizes is improved, and the workpiece clamping efficiency of the machining robot is indirectly guaranteed.