76results about How to "The sample preparation process is simple" patented technology

The invention relates to a method for the auxiliary identification of comma bacillus by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). The method comprises the following steps of: 1, selecting 40 to 45 plants of fresh comma bacillus cultures, and pretreating the samples; 2, collecting maps of all bacterial strain samples; 3, analyzing and unitizing the obtained maps by using BioTyper software to obtain a comma bacillus standard map; 4, preparing samples of microbes to be detected by the step 1; 5, collecting MALDI-TOF MS maps of the samples to be detected according to the step 2; and 6, comparing the MALDI-TOF MS maps, which are obtained in the step 5, of the samples to be detected with the comma bacillus standard map, and determining a detection result according to matching fractions. By the method, a comma bacillus identification mass spectrogram database and the comma bacillus standard map are established successfully, so the simple, convenient, microscale, supermatic and accurate identification of the comma bacillus can be realized.

The invention discloses a device for testing the hardness, fracture toughness and residual stress of a brittle material with an indentation method, belonging to the technical field of material property representation. The device comprises a frame and an image acquiring system, wherein the frame is provided with an eye lens, a height-adjustable testing operation platform and an adjusting rotating wheel; a loading system is arranged in the frame, and comprises a fixing support base, a lever, a mandrel, a hanging rod, a middle main shaft and a second motor; and a first motor and the second motor of the loading system are connected with a computer through an I/O (Input/Output) control card. In the invention, the conventional digital image low-load Vickers hardness meter is improved, so that the micro-hardness of a material can be directly tested, and the fracture toughness and residual stress of an interface system of the brittle material and a brittle coating film material can be directly tested; and the device can be widely applied to departments such as industrial enterprises, universities, academies and the like for rapidly detecting relevant indexes.

The invention discloses a modular soil body permeability tester. The modular soil body permeability tester comprises a soil body seepage system, a seepage condition control system and a data acquisition system. According to the modular soil body permeability tester, different modular components are assembled to simulate various test conditions so as to scientifically and effectively research the seepage characteristics of a soil body. The modular components include a top box, an organic glass cylinder, a bottom box, an artificial rainfall module, a reversed filter component and the like. According to the modular soil body permeability tester, the mounting and the detaching are convenient, the preparation of samples is facilitated, and water is recycled in a seepage process, so that the water resource can be saved; besides, each modular component can be freely selected and arranged aiming at different research purposes, so that the tester has height expandability and can meet various test requirements; by utilizing a modular design idea, the tester has the advantages of diversity, economy, high efficiency, expandability and the like, and measured test parameters are accurate.

The invention discloses a sample preparation method and a compaction device for immature soil base materials. The method comprises the steps that the interior of a mold is coated with a lubricating oil layer, the immature soil base materials are put into the mold layer by layer, the immature soil base material layers in the mold are compacted through a jack every time one layer of immature soil base material is laid, and therefore a sample to be detected is obtained; the compaction speed of the jack is 0.5 mm/s, the compaction pressure of the jack is 18-19 K/N, and the compaction time of the jack is 3-5 min; the compaction device comprises a test bed, the test bed is sequentially provided with a first platform and a second platform in parallel in the horizontal direction from top to bottom, the second platform is coaxially provided with the jack, a gasket, the mold and a pressing column in sequence from bottom to top in the vertical direction, and the top end of the pressing column abuts against the first platform. Compared with a traditional hammer test, a press compaction test and a jack compaction test, the compressive strength of a test piece compacted by the jack is more stable than the compressive strength of a test piece compacted by the other two test methods, test piece overall deformation is good, and the test piece has good ductility when compacted.

The invention discloses a fractal theory-based method for analyzing the surface microscopic topography of an insulating material after flashover, comprising the following steps: Step 1: performing a flashover discharge experiment on the insulating material, and obtaining an AFM surface topography diagram of the insulating material; Step 2: converting the AFM surface topography image of the insulating material into a grayscale image; the size of the grayscale image is m×m; Step 3: processing the grayscale image with a fractal method or a multifractal method , to obtain fractal parameters; step 4: quantitatively analyze the surface micro-morphology of the insulating material after flashover according to the fractal parameters. The invention combines the grayscale method, fractal theory and AFM microscopic observation means to analyze the surface morphology of the insulating material after flashover, the advantages of the three are fully utilized, and the analysis results are more effective and reliable.

The invention provides a propellant/lining interface crack critical intensity stress factor detection method for evaluating the structural integrity and the storage life of a solid rocket engine. The detection method comprises three steps: a step 1: preparing a sample, including selecting the sample and producing blocks, and cutting the test blocks into slices and carrying out incision; a step 2: carrying out a tensile test and recording an image; a step 3: processing data and carrying out calculation for analysis. The unidirectional tensile test is carried out for the sample by a stretcher, a crack initiation time and the image are recorded during a crack initiation and expansion process by a CCD digital optical microscope, the obtained image is processed by a digital image processing technology, a displacement change of a front corresponding point of the crack tip in the sample stretching processing, a change relation of the propellant/lining interface crack critical intensity stress factor over time is calculated, and finally the propellant/lining interface crack critical intensity stress factor is obtained from the change relation and the crack initiation time. The detection method has the advantages of sample preparation convenience, reasonable indexes, accurate calculation and reliable data.

The invention provides a quantitative detecting method for interface reaction degree of an aluminum-carbon composite material. By utilizing the property that an interface reaction product Al4C3 is easy to hydrolyze, the quantitative detecting method comprises the following steps: firstly, accelerating a to-be-detected sample to be dissolved through electrochemical reaction; then, precisely measuring the concentration of a CH4 gas generated by hydrolyzing Al4C3 through gas chromatography; and finally, calculating the interface reaction degree. The quantitative detecting method is simple to operate, high in detecting and analyzing speed and high in precision, suitable for quickly and quantitatively detecting the interface reaction degree of various carbon material reinforced aluminum-based composite materials including carbon nano tubes, carbon fibers, graphene, graphite flake, graphite particles, diamonds, silicon carbide and the like.

The invention relates to a fiber heat conductivity determination method. The method includes: uniformly winding or adhering to-be-tested fibers to form test samples with N different arrangement angles, sequentially determining heat conductivity of the test samples and processing data. Compared with the prior art, the fiber heat conductivity determination method has the advantages that test principle simplicity and convenience in sampling are realized, internal structures of the samples are undamaged, test stability is achieved, integral distribution of fiber heat conductivity in different fiber directions can be directly reflected, the problem of failure in clear reflection of corresponding relation between each directional structure of fibers and heat conductivity in the prior art can be solved, heat conductivity test of heterogeneous or anisotropic materials according to a hot-wire method is realized, and advantages and disadvantages of fiber heat conductivity can be assessed comprehensively.

The invention provides a quantitative detection device and a quantitative detection method for the interface reaction degree of an aluminum-carbon composite material. The device comprises a direct current electrolytic reaction generation system, a gas collection system and a gas detection system which are connected with one another in sequence. The theory of the method is that due to the property that an interface reaction product Al4C3 is easy to hydrolyze, dissolving of a sample to be detected is accelerated by virtue of electrochemical reaction, then the gas concentration of CH4 generated by Al4C3 hydrolysis is subjected to precise detection by gas chromatographic analysis, and finally the interface reaction degree is calculated. The device and the method are easy to operate, high in detection and analysis speed, high in precision and suitable for quick and quantitative detection of the interface reaction degree of various carbon material enhanced aluminum-based composite materials such as a carbon nano tube, carbon fibers, graphite, graphite scales, graphite particles, diamonds, and silicon carbide and the like.

The invention discloses a method for measuring a GaN-based LED (light emitting diode) polarization electric field by utilizing photoluminescence spectra. The method comprises the following steps of manufacturing a GaN-based LED testing sample, completely radiating the testing sample by utilizing laser, and measuring output light current and light voltage; connecting a positive voltage with an n electrode of the testing sample and connecting a negative voltage with a p electrode of the testing sample to form reverse bias; applying the reverse bias equal to the light voltage to the testing sample; measuring the photoluminescence spectra of the testing sample, and recording light-emitting wavelength of the testing sample; increasing the reverse bias step by step, and measuring the spectrum and the wavelength; when the wavelength is gradually changed from the short wavelength to the long wavelength, stopping increasing the reverse bias and stopping measuring; reducing the light voltage from the reverse bias when the measurement is stopped to obtain polarization voltage of the testing sample; calculating a polarization electric field of the testing sample according to the polarization voltage. According to the method for measuring the GaN-based LED polarization electric field by utilizing the photoluminescence spectra, which is disclosed by the invention, the requirements on samples are simple, the sample manufacturing is convenient, the testing result can be quickly obtained, and the active demands on test data in production, research and development techniques are facilitated to be met.

The invention discloses a full-automatic locking barrel type sampling, sample preparation and packaging system for bulk materials. The system comprises filling devices (1), barrel supply conveying devices (2), a transfer conveying device (3), a sealing device (4), a packaging barrel (5) and an electric control device. The system completely adopts computer-controlled automatic operation of filling and packaging, the effect of human factors such as responsibility, emotions and the like of operators on the production schedule can be avoided through the automatic operation, meanwhile, the limitation of proficiency of the operating skill of the operators can be avoided, human and sample separation can be realized, man-made cheating can be avoided, and defects of manual operation can be completely avoided; the state of the packaging barrel is completely controlled, a manager can inquire the working condition of the packaging barrel in real time, and use data of the packaging barrel can be recorded by a central control computer and can be checked conveniently at any time; and samples have the higher safety, and the system is particularly applicable to filling and packaging of the bulk materials for sampling and sample preparation.

The invention discloses a ball mark type coating thickness meter comprising a grinding ball, a rotating arm, a motor, a detection station and an instrument rack, wherein the rotating arm, the motor and the detection station are arranged on the instrument rack; the grinding ball is arranged between the rotating arm and the detection station and is pressed on the surface of the detection station; the motor is in mechanical driving connection with the rotating arm; the grinding ball is driven by the motor through the friction of a trapezoid groove of the rotating arm to carry out press grinding on the surfaces of samples; and the coating thickness is measured and calculated according to grinding mark graphic data. The invention has the advantages of short measuring period, high speed, small size of the equipment, low cost and simpleness and convenience for operating and sampling, and is especially suitable for quickly measuring the coating thickness having low requirement for the coating thickness.

The invention provides a cotton fiber roll automatic dismounting device, and belongs to the technical field of textile detection equipment. The cotton fiber roll automatic dismounting device comprisesa machine frame assembly, a cotton lifting-apart mechanism, a cotton discharging mechanism and a power mechanism, wherein the cotton shifting mechanism is used for shifting cotton fiber roll, the cotton shifting mechanism comprises a tip plate and a first execution element which is arranged on the frame assembly and is used for driving the tip plate to move in the first direction; the cotton discharging mechanism is arranged on the frame assembly and is used for allowing the cotton fiber rolls winding and used for expanding the cotton fiber rolls in second direction; and the power mechanism is used for providing power for the cotton shifting mechanism and the cotton discharging mechanism. According to the device, the cotton shifting mechanism and the cotton discharging mechanism are driven by the power mechanism to shift the cotton fiber rolls and expand the cotton fiber rolls towards the two sides, so that the expanded cotton fiber rolls fall down due to self weight, the cotton fiberrolls can be automatically disassembled, disassembling process is soft, the cotton fiber is small in damage and is not easy to lose, disassembling time is short, the efficiency is high, and convenience is provided for subsequent sample preparation and detection processes; the device relates to an instrument for textile material detection, and the device is suitable for disassembling of a small amount with 2.5-20 grams of cotton fiber rolls.

The invention discloses an in-situ synchronous test method and device for the fracture toughness and the residual stress of a fragile material. The test method can be used for testing the fracture toughness and the residual stress of a single fragile material and also for testing the fracture toughness and the residual stress of a system interface of a surface fragile coating material. A ratio of equivalent elastic modulus to hardness is calculated according to a volume ratio of residual indentations in two materials, so that the precision of testing on fracture toughness and residual stress of the interface of the fragile material is improved. The load Vickers indentation device researched based on the test method mainly comprises a loading system, an observation system, an image acquisition system, a heating system, a cooling system and a high-temperature gas absorption system. The whole device is simple in structure and easy to operate, and can be used for synchronously measuring the fracture toughness and the residual stress of the fragile material at different temperatures.

The invention relates to a soil test instrument, in particular to a roadbed filler swelling capacity tester which comprises a test cylinder and a dial indicator, the upper end of the test cylinder is open, a sample in a compacted state is filled in the test cylinder, the dial indicator is vertically and detachably connected to the upper portion of the test cylinder, and a measuring head of the dial indicator abuts against the upper portion of the sample through the upper end opening of the test cylinder. Due to the fact that the sample is subjected to water immersion testing after actual roadbed filler construction is simulated and compacted, the state of the sample is close to the state of actual roadbed filler, the swelling amount of the sample can reflect the swelling amount of the actual roadbed filler more accurately, and the purpose of improving the testing precision of the swelling amount of the roadbed filler is achieved.

An element grain boundary segregation semi-quantitative method based on a scanning electron microscope is disclosed. The method includes sample preparation, energy spectrum analysis at a grain boundary, and acquisition of a segregation amount at the grain boundary according to an equation shown in the description. Segregation element solid solution values at the grain boundary and in crystal grains are defined respectively in the description. N<r> is the number density of a reference element. The diameter d1 of an electron beam spot can be obtained by Monte Carlo electron trajectory simulation with software Casino, and the chemical width of the segregation element at the grain boundary can be obtained according to an equation shown in the description. The method achieves semi-quantitative analysis of grain boundary segregation under the platform of the scanning electron microscope and has advantages of simple sample preparation, relatively easy operation, and the like. In the method, an energy spectrum is collected at the grain boundary through the scanning electron microscope, and contribution of crystal grains is deducted from the grain boundary energy spectrum to obtain chemical component information at the grain boundary. The method can be widely applied in the technical field of material characterization.