The invention provides a fishing reel capable of assembling and disassembling a rocker arm assembly through one hand. The fishing reel capable of assembling and disassembling the rocker arm assembly through one hand comprises a fishing reel body, a body cover, a winding reel, a transmission device and a rotator, the transmission device comprises a gear plate and the rocker arm assembly, the rocker arm assembly is connected with a center axis hole of the gear plate in an inserted mode, the rocker arm assembly comprises a hexagon heart, a rocker arm sleeve, a rocker arm and a handle, the rocker arm hexagon heart is connected with the rocker arm sleeve in an inserted mode, the rocker arm sleeve is connected with one end of the rocker arm, and the other end of the rocker arm is movably connected with the handle; the rocker arm assembly further comprises a control rod, two or more stop blocks, a ring spring and a tension knob, the control rod is inserted into a hexagon heart through hole of the rocker arm hexagon heart, and the stop blocks and the ring spring are assembled on the rocker arm hexagon heart. According to the fishing reel which is capable of conducting flexible combination and assembling and disassembling the rocker arm assembly through one hand, parts are simple, appearance modeling is easy, products are diversified, and the cost of an enterprise is greatly reduced.