The invention discloses a
layout method of a mountain profile meteorological
observation system, which comprises the following steps of: establishing a multivariate
nonlinear regression precipitation equation, respectively drawing a straight line from the lowest point h1 or h '1 of the altitude to the highest point h2 of the altitude for the altitude H of a place where
precipitation needs to be calculated, and starting from the lowest point h1 or h' 1 of the altitude near the straight line; one point is taken every 100 m is increased until the highest altitude h2 is reached, and the slope direction A and the slope S corresponding to the altitude position are searched by utilizing GIS
software. And calculating to obtain
precipitation P at the positions h1-h2 or h '1-h2, checking whether the precipitation P has a maximum value or not, if so, determining that the altitude corresponding to the maximum precipitation P is the maximum precipitation height D or D', and arranging an
automatic weather station at the position. According to the method, the change rule of the
mountain range precipitation can be reflected more accurately by establishing the multivariate
nonlinear regression precipitation equation which comprehensively considers various topographic factors such as the altitude, the slope direction and the gradient.