112 results about "Reaction scheme" patented technology

One aspect of the invention relates to ensuring service continuity of a multicast service received from an access node assigned to a first and a second pool area simultaneously. Another aspect of the invention relates to the establishment of a user plane between a user plane entity and different access nodes assigned to different pool areas simultaneously for multicast or broadcast services. To ensure service continuity of the multicast service, it is proposed that the MME serving the mobile terminal registers at the UPE providing the multicast user plane to the access node irrespective of the UPE being assigned to the same pool area / tracking area as the MME. To facilitate efficient resource utilization in the distribution of service data to access nodes located in a overlapping region of pool areas, the invention further suggests proactive and reactive schemes for ensuring the selection of a common UPE for overlapping pool areas thereby ignoring consider pool area boundaries.

The invention includes an UV absorbing complex polyol polyester polymer that is the product of a reaction scheme that includes: (i) the esterification of a polyol and a dianhydride, wherein the esterification is carried out under conditions that facilitate substantially only anhydride opening, to form a polyester polymer comprising at least two pendant carboxylic groups, and at least two hydroxyl groups; and (ii) the reaction of at least one pendant carboxylic group and at least one terminal hydroxyl group of the polyester polymer with an epoxide having a functional group, wherein the epoxide comprises an UV absorbing moiety.Also included are linear UV absorbing complex polyol polyester polymers represented by Formula (XI):wherein R3 is independently selected from an UV absorbing moiety; R4 and R5 are each independently selected from a hydrocarbon group, and n is an integer of 1 to 1000.A crosslinked UV absorbing complex polyol polyester polymer that is reaction product of a random copolyesterification esterification reaction and / or the esterification product of: a monofunctional carboxylic acid and / or ester that comprises an UV absorbing moiety, at least one of a diol, a polyol, a diacid and / or an ester is also included within the scope of the invention. The resulting polymer has an UV absorbing functionality of greater than 2.0.

The invention provides new synthetic routes for cardiolipin with different fatty acids and / or alkyl chains with varying chain length and also with or without unsaturation. The reaction schemes can be used to generate new forms of cardiolipin, including cardiolipin variants. The cardiolipin prepared by the present methods can conveniently be incorporated into liposomes and other lipid formulations that can also include active agents such as hydrophobic or hydrophilic drugs. Such formulations can be used to treat diseases or in diagnostic and / or analytical assays. Liposomes also can include ligands, e.g., for targeting them to a cell type or specific tissue.

A polyester including a macromeric unit, wherein the macromeric unit has (a) at least two lactone derived units, (b) an initiating core, and (c) a coupling unit, wherein the initiating core is linking the at least two lactone derived units to form a macromerdiol and wherein the coupling unit and the initiating core have a carbon chain of a length sufficient to alter hydrophobicity of the polyester, and thereby enable the polyester to degrade according to a surface erosion mechanism. The polyesters of the present invention are suitable for a wide range of biomedical applications including drug delivery, imaging, scaffolding for tissue engineering, coating of various surfaces such as for example implantable devices as well as colloids and microparticles. FIG. 1 is a reaction scheme depicting the preparation of polyesters of the invention.

Described is a system and method for synthesizing polymeric molecules such as oligonucleotides and polypeptides. The system is capable of continuously synthesizing molecules by providing an array of reaction sites and an array of stations for carrying out synthetic manipulations. The reaction sites in the former array can be placed in a fixed order and at fixed intervals relative to each other. Similarly, the stations can be placed in a fixed order and at fixed intervals relative to each other. The two arrays can be moved relative to each other such that the stations carry out desired steps of a reaction scheme at each reaction site. The relative locations of the stations and the schedule for the relative movement can correlate with the order and duration of reaction steps in the reaction scheme such that once a reaction site has completed a cycle of interacting with the full array of stations then the reaction scheme is complete.

The invention is directed to a process for producing intermediates of a compound which exhibits an activated blood coagulation factor Xa inhibitory action and which is a useful preventive and a therapeutic agent for thrombotic diseases. The intermediate production process is represented by the following reaction scheme.

A process for producing amidine derivatives represented by the following reaction scheme, characterized in that the reactions of steps 1 and 3 are conducted in acetonitrile and the reaction of step 2 is conducted in acetone. 1

Described is a system and method for synthesizing polymeric molecules such as oligonucleotides and polypeptides. The system is capable of continuously synthesizing molecules by providing an array of reaction sites and an array of stations for carrying out synthetic manipulations. The reaction sites in the former array can be placed in a fixed order and at fixed intervals relative to each other. Similarly, the stations can be placed in a fixed order and at fixed intervals relative to each other. The two arrays can be moved relative to each other such that the stations carry out desired steps of a reaction scheme at each reaction site. The relative locations of the stations and the schedule for the relative movement can correlate with the order and duration of reaction steps in the reaction scheme such that once a reaction site has completed a cycle of interacting with the full array of stations then the reaction scheme is complete.

The present invention concerns improved methods and compositions for preparing SN-38 conjugates of proteins or peptides, preferably immunoconjugates of antibodies or antigen-binding antibody fragments. More preferably, the SN-38 is attached to the antibody or antibody fragment using a CL2A linker, with 1-12, more preferably 6 or less, most preferably 1-5 SN-38 moieties per antibody or antibody fragment. Most preferably, the immunoconjugate is prepared in large scale batches, with various modifications to the reaction scheme to optimize yield and recovery in large scale. Other embodiments concern optimized dosages and / or schedules of administration of immunoconjugate to maximize efficacy for disease treatment and minimize side effects of administration.

The invention provides new synthetic routes for cardiolipin with different fatty acids and / or alkyl chains with varying chain length and also with or without unsaturation, particularly a short-chain cardiolipin. The methods comprise reacting a 1,2-O-sn-diacyl / 1,2-O-sn-dialkyl glycerol or a 2-O-protected glycerol, with a phosphoramidite reagent or a phosphate triester to produce a protected cardiolipin, which is deprotected to prepare the short chain cardiolipin. The reaction schemes can be used to generate new variants of cardiolipin. The cardiolipin prepared by the present methods can be incorporated into liposomes, which can also include active agents such as hydrophobic or hydrophilic drugs. Such liposomes can be used to treat diseases or in diagnostic and / or analytical assays. Liposomes can also include ligands for targeting a particular cell type or specific tissue.

The present invention relates to the preparation and use of (colored) organic particles carrying electric charge as electrophoretic (image) displaying particles, to electrophoretic dispersions comprising the organic particles carrying electric charge, electrophoretic (image) devices (especially displays) comprising the colored organic particles carrying electric charge, to the novel functionalized particles, and to their use. The particles are obtainable according to a method represented by the reaction scheme as given in FIG. 1.

Multiple reaction schemes, process steps and intermediates are provided for the synthesis of epoxymexrenone, useful as a diuretic, and other compounds of Formula Iwherein the variables are as defined by the specification.

Disclosed are preloaded analysis modules comprising reagents disposed within a barrier material capable of liberating the reagents, at a time advantageous to a reaction scheme, when exposed to certain activation conditions or reagents. Also disclosed are related methods for analyzing samples with such modules.

The present invention relates to the preparation and use of (colored) organic particles carrying electric charge as electrophoretic (image) displaying particles, to electrophoretic dispersions comprising the organic particles carrying electric charge, electrophoretic (image) devices (especially displays) comprising the colored organic particles carrying electric charge, to the novel functionalized particles, and to their use. The particles are obtainable according to a method represented by the reaction scheme as given in FIG. 1.

The invention provides a dapoxetine hydrochloride synthetic method. The method includes the steps of (1) subjecting a compound (9) and (-)-beta-chlorodiisopinocampheylborane to reduction reaction in an organic solvent at the temperature of 10 DEG C-80 DEG C to obtain a compound (12); (2) subjecting a compound (8) and alkali to reaction in an organic solvent for 2 hours-14 hours at the temperature of 0 DEG C-10 DEG C, adding the compound (12) obtained in step (1), and performing alkylation reaction for 15 hours-40 hours at the temperature of 0 DEG C-10 DEG C to obtain a compound (13); (3) subjecting the compound (13) obtained in step (2) and thionyl chloride to reaction in an organic solvent at the temperature of -10 DEG C-0 DEG C to obtain a compound (14); (4) subjecting the compound (14) obtained in step (3) and dimethylamine to reaction in an organic solvent at the temperature of 20 DEG C-30 DEG C to obtain dapoxetine free amine and to reaction with an ethanol solution of hydrogen chloride to obtain hydrochloric acid dapoxetine. The dapoxetine hydrochloride synthetic method is high in yield and product optical purity. The reaction scheme is shown in the description.

To provide methods of forming fluorescence-producing organometallic complexes which can ensure high durability when used in organic electroluminescence devices. For example, a compound 106 is prepared in accordance with the following reaction scheme.

The present invention concerns improved methods and compositions for preparing SN-38 conjugates of proteins or peptides, preferably immunoconjugates of antibodies or antigen-binding antibody fragments. More preferably, the SN-38 is attached to the antibody or antibody fragment using a CL2A linker, with 1-12, more preferably 6-8, alternatively 1-5 SN-38 moieties per antibody or antibody fragment. Most preferably, the immunoconjugate is prepared in large scale batches, with various modifications to the reaction scheme disclosed herein to optimize yield and recovery in large scale. Other embodiments concern optimized dosages and / or schedules of administration of immunoconjugate to maximize efficacy for disease treatment and minimize side effects of administration.

There is described a process for treatment of a fluid comprising an oxidizable contaminant. The process comprises the step of contacting the wastewater with a combination of: (i) a sulfide, (ii) a complex of Fe(III) and a chelating agent, and (iii) an oxidant. It has been discovered that of treatment of a fluid containing an oxidizable contaminant employing iron(III)-chelates as the Fenton catalyst may be significantly improved by including a sulfide in the reaction scheme. As described herein, by employing sulfide ion, the present inventors have been able to: (i) increase the rate of iron recycling from minutes or hours to a few seconds, and (ii) destroy benzene in an oil and gas refinery (OGR) wastewater in less than one minute. It is believed that these findings in OGR wastewater can be extended to other fluids containing other oxidizable contaminants.

The present disclosure generally relates to processes, apparatuses and custom catalysts designed to depolymerize a polymer. In one embodiment, the present invention relates to a de-polymerizing apparatus, catalysts and reaction schemes to obtain useful monomers including fuel products by “in situ” reactions using coupled electromagnetic induction.

A process, preferably continuous, for producing hydrogen gas comprising contacting in the liquid phase at least one oxidizable organic substance in the presence of a mixture comprising at least one conductive catalyst and an aqueous alkaline carbonate electrolyte, wherein at least one bicarbonate composition produced by reaction of the electrolyte is regenerated and the at least one oxidizable organic substance comprises a oxygenated hydrocarbon, for example methanol and / or dimethyl ether. In a preferred embodiment the alkaline electrolyte is regenerated using steam. Various advantageous reaction schemes are described, utilizing, e.g., co-current and countercurrent stream flow and alternative tower sequence arrangements.

The present invention concerns improved methods and compositions for preparing SN-38 conjugates of proteins or peptides, preferably immunoconjugates of antibodies or antigen-binding antibody fragments. More preferably, the SN-38 is attached to the antibody or antibody fragment using a CL2A linker, with 1-12, more preferably 6-8, alternatively 1-5 SN-38 moieties per antibody or antibody fragment. Most preferably, the immunoconjugate is prepared in large scale batches, with various modifications to the reaction scheme disclosed herein to optimize yield and recovery in large scale. Other embodiments concern optimized dosages and / or schedules of administration of immunoconjugate to maximize efficacy for disease treatment and minimize side effects of administration.

A process for preparing a non-racemic aminoalcohol is provided. The process includes the step of contacting a chiral alpha-amino carbonyl compound and hydrogen, in the presence of a non-racemic hydrogenation catalyst, at a temperature, pressure and for a length of time sufficient to produce the non-racemic aminoalcohol. In a preferred embodiment, the process can be described by the reaction scheme: where R is hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl or hetereoaryl group; and E can be hydrogen, COOR, CONHR, CONR2, COOH, COR, CN, NO2, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl or hetereoaryl group.

The invention relates to a biocatalytic method for producing p-vinylphenols, comprising a three-stage one-pot reaction according to the following reaction scheme: (A) wherein a) an optionally substituted phenol (1) is bound to pyruvic acid (BTS) to form the optionally substituted tyrosine (2) by means of catalytic action of a tyrosine phenol-lyase (TPL) and in the presence of ammonium ions, b) ammonia is eliminated from the tyrosine (2) by means of catalytic action of a tyrosine-ammonia-lyase (TAL) or phenyl-ammonia-lyase (PAL), in order to produce an optionally substituted p-coumaric acid (3), and c) the p-coumaric acid (3) undergoes a decarboxylation by means of catalytic action of a phenolic acid decarboxylase (PAD), in order to produce the desired, optionally substituted p-vinyl phenol(4); d) wherein the resultant CO2 is removed from the reaction system, in order to move the chemical equilibrium of all three reaction steps in the direction of the products.

This invention pertains to a process for producing ultra-fine rutile titanium dioxide powders. This particular compound is useful as UV-blocker in paints, plastics, coatings, pigments and sunscreens. The new process comprises the steps of providing a hot gas stream and of introducing therein firstly: - a titanium-bearing first reactant; and - a carbon- and / or nitrogen-bearing second reactant; the temperature of said gas stream being chosen so as to vaporize said first and second reactants, these being selected so as to form, at the prevalent temperature, titanium carbide, titanium nitride or a mixture thereof, as a nano-sized precursor; and, thereafter: - a volatile oxygen-bearing reactant selected so as to react with the nano-sized precursor, converting it to nano-sized titanium dioxide powder having a rutile content of at least 50%. This reaction scheme allows for the manufacture of powders with or without doping elements with a primary particle size between 1 and 100 nm.

The present invention concerns improved methods and compositions for preparing SN-38 conjugates of proteins or peptides, preferably immunoconjugates of antibodies or antigen-binding antibody fragments. More preferably, the SN-38 is attached to the antibody or antibody fragment using a CL2A linker, with 1-12, more preferably 6 or less, most preferably 1-5 SN-38 moieties per antibody or antibody fragment. Most preferably, the immunoconjugate is prepared in large scale batches, with various modifications to the reaction scheme to optimize yield and recovery in large scale. Other embodiments concern optimized dosages and / or schedules of administration of immunoconjugate to maximize efficacy for disease treatment and minimize side effects of administration.

Disclosed herein are novel platinum-based complexes possessing one nitrile substituent group (mononitrile) covalently-bonded to the platinum, one or more nitrogen donor ligands capable of forming hydrogen bonds with the bases in DNA or RNA and leaving groups (i.e., L1 and L2) which can be hydrolyzed in vivo to active species, which can then form coordinate adducts with DNA or RNA at the Guanine or Adenine bases thereof. Also disclosed herein are the reaction schemes for the synthesis of said platinum complexes, as well as methods of treatment of various types of cancer by the administration of a pharmaceutically-effective dose of said novel platinum complexes.

Provided is a process for producing 1,2,4-triazole compound (5), or a salt or hydrate thereof which comprises reacting compound (1) with Rc-X (2) to give compound (3), reacting compound (3) with a nitrilization agent to give compound (4), and then removing the group Rc, as shown by the reaction scheme: (Wherein Ra, Rb and Rd represent a group, Rc represents a group which can be removed by an acid) A 1,2,4-triazole compound (5) having an optionally substituted 2-cyanopyridin-4-yl group at 3-position and an optionally substituted aromatic group at 5-position which inhibits a xanthine oxidase and is useful for treatment of gout and hyperuricemia can be obtained from compound (1) in a high yield without requiring isolation of reaction products in the course of reactions.