218results about "Nanoscale sensors" patented technology

The present invention relates generally to sub-microelectronic circuitry, and more particularly to nanometer-scale articles, including nanoscale wires which can be selectively doped at various locations and at various levels. In some cases, the articles may be single crystals. The nanoscale wires can be doped, for example, differentially along their length, or radially, and either in terms of identity of dopant, concentration of dopant, or both. This may be used to provide both n-type and p-type conductivity in a single item, or in different items in close proximity to each other, such as in a crossbar array. The fabrication and growth of such articles is described, and the arrangement of such articles to fabricate electronic, optoelectronic, or spintronic devices and components. For example, semiconductor materials can be doped to form n-type and p-type semiconductor regions for making a variety of devices such as field effect transistors, bipolar transistors, complementary inverters, tunnel diodes, light emitting diodes, sensors, and the like.

Provided are implantable or surface mounted biomedical devices and related methods for interfacing with a target tissue. The devices have a substrate and device component supported by the substrate. The components of the device are specially configured and packaged to be ultra-thin and mechanically compliant. In particular, device thicknesses are less than 1 mm and have lateral dimensions between about 1 μm and 10 mm, depending on the application. Delivery substrates may be incorporated to assist with device implantation and handling. The devices can be shaped to provide injection in a minimally invasive manner, thereby avoiding unnecessary tissue damage and providing a platform for long-term implantation for interfacing with biological tissue.

A device such as a filter or reflector includes a conductive layer including a periodic pattern of elements. The elements have shapes and sizes configured such that a transmittance or reflectance spectrum of the conductive layer has a drop at a long-wavelength end. The elements have a period configured such that the spectrum has a dip at a Plasmon mode resonant wavelength. The spectrum further includes a peal- between the dip and the drop.

A developers' tool kit including devices and components configured to be inserted or imbedded in an oral cavity or integrated body sensor of an animal or human. The device includes a receptacle for one or more sensors which is further configured to interface a plurality of one or more customizable functions and applications. The functions including, but not limited to, auxiliary body biosensors, data collections, alerting, tracking, reporting, communication network, preset biometric range, preventive-diagnostics to enhance health, and optimize athletic performance. The system includes technology-mining, data-mining, kinematics, integration, multi-media, reporting, and other platforms, analytics and diagnostics to accurately determine health and performance referred to as Oral Sensor Alert and Communication (OSAC). The invention provides innovative information systems, methods and diagnostic tool kits and platforms involving the aforedescribed devices from information available from oral biomarkers and other sources accessed using sensors in the oral cavity and auxiliary devices.

Embodiments of nanoelectronic sensors are described, including sensors for detecting analytes such as anesthesia gases, CO2 and the like in human breath. An integrated monitor system and disposable sensor unit is described which permits a number of different anesthetic agents to be identified and monitored, as well as concurrent monitoring of other breath species, such as CO2. The sensor unit may be configured to be compact, light weight, and inexpensive. Wireless embodiments provide such enhancements as remote monitoring. A simulator system for modeling the contents and conditions of human inhalation and exhalation with a selected mixture of a treatment agent is also described, particularly suited to the testing of sensors to be used in airway sampling.

An apparatus and method for detecting functional cellular activity within a volume of a tissue. The method includes inserting a three-dimensional array of optical emitters and optical detectors into a volume of a tissue, where the tissue volume includes one or more cells labeled with an optical reporter of cellular activity; illuminating the one or more cells with photons from the optical emitters of the three-dimensional array to generate optical signals from the optical reporter that labels the one or more cells; and detecting the optical signals using the optical detectors of the three-dimensional array, where the illumination includes one-photon excitation of the optical reporter.

The present invention relates generally to sub-microelectronic circuitry, and more particularly to nanometer-scale articles, including nanoscale wires which can be selectively doped at various locations and at various levels. In some cases, the articles may be single crystals. The nanoscale wires can be doped, for example, differentially along their length, or radially, and either in terms of identity of dopant, concentration of dopant, or both. This may be used to provide both n-type and p-type conductivity in a single item, or in different items in close proximity to each other, such as in a crossbar array. The fabrication and growth of such articles is described, and the arrangement of such articles to fabricate electronic, optoelectronic, or spintronic devices and components. For example, semiconductor materials can be doped to form n-type and p-type semiconductor regions for making a variety of devices such as field effect transistors, bipolar transistors, complementary inverters, tunnel diodes, light emitting diodes, sensors, and the like.

Disclosed is a system for real-time detection and annunciation of blood associated with menstruation and surgical wounds. The system comprises blood detection means, communication means for relay of blood detection information, and annunciation means to inform the user of the emanation of blood. Various system embodiments include local and remote as well as covert and non-covert annunciation to users or medical personnel, various forms of real-time blood detection sensors, blood analysis capability, and smart bandage telemetry.

Embodiments of nanoelectronic sensors are described, including sensors for detecting analytes such as anesthesia gases, CO2 and the like in human breath. An integrated monitor system and disposable sensor unit is described which permits a number of different anesthetic agents to be identified and monitored, as well as concurrent monitoring of other breath species, such as CO2. The sensor unit may be configured to be compact, light weight, and inexpensive. Wireless embodiments provide such enhancements as remote monitoring. A simulator system for modeling the contents and conditions of human inhalation and exhalation with a selected mixture of a treatment agent is also described, particularly suited to the testing of sensors to be used in airway sampling.

The invention generally relates to systems, methods, and apparatuses for an analyte sensor. In one aspect, an analyte sensing device comprises a sensor body member including at least one nanopore and an optical conduit in optical communication with the sensor body member. The optical conduit transmits optical energy to the sensor body member and receives reflected optical energy back from the sensor body member. A photodetector is optically coupled to the optical conduit to determine an optical parameter from the reflected optical energy.

The present invention includes a flexible sensor suitable for contact with skin comprising: a nanocomposite; and a top layer; where the sensor provides in-situ detection in sweat or other aqueous body fluids at the skin surface of at least one physiological parameter selected from the group consisting of a physiological salt component, temperature, moisture, humidity, or combinations thereof. The present invention further includes a method of fabricating a flexible sensor suitable for contact with skin comprising: electrospinning at least one polyamide-producing monomer to form a non-conductive polyamide substrate; attaching at least one plurality of conductive nanoscale attachments, wherein the nanoscale attachments are selected from nanotubes, nanoparticles, or combinations thereof, to form an intermediate layer; and functionalizing the intermediate layer to form a top layer.

The present invention relates to biosensors, in particular to surface-enhanced Raman biosensors for detection of in vivo and ex vivo analytes. In particular, the present invention provides compositions and methods for the in vivo detection of analytes such as glucose.

Provided herein are systems, methods, and apparatuses for an analyte sensor.

A novel multifunctional nano-probe interface is proposed for applications in neural stimulation and detecting. The nano-probe interface structure consists of a carbon nanotube coated with a thin isolation layer, a micro-electrode substrate array, and a controller IC for neural cell recording and stimulation. The micro-electrode substrate array contains wires connecting the carbon nanotube with the controller IC, as well as microfluidic channels for supplying neural tissues with essential nutrition and medicine. The carbon nanotube is disposed on the micro-electrode substrate array made by silicon, coated with a thin isolation layer around thereof, and employed as a nano-probe for neural recording and stimulation.

A device comprising a planar integrated circuit that includes an array of electrodes and at least one nanostructure, having a major axis, in electrical contact with at least one electrode. The device forms an interface between an integrated circuit platform and electro-physiologically active cells and is used in manipulate the same.

The invention relates to a sensor and guide wire assembly for intravascular measurements within a living body, wherein a sensor element, which is arranged at a distal portion of a guide wire, comprises at least one piezoresistive nanowire.

According to one aspect of the invention, the apparatus comprises a fluid collecting device configured to receive a sample of breath; a conditioning device coupled to the fluid collecting device and configured to receive the sample of breath and condition the sample with respect to at least one of temperature, flow rate, pressure, humidity, and concentration; and a sensing device coupled to the conditioning device and configured to receive the conditioned sample, wherein the sensing device includes a nanoparticle-based sensor and further whereby the analyte interacts with the sensing device to cause a change that is sensed by the sensing device and wherein the change comprises information useful in characterizing the analyte. Preferably, the apparatus is hand-held and characterizing the analyte is useful for health monitoring.

The invention relates to a capsule or chip or sensor comprising a marker / detector and signalling device / method associated with the development of a medical condition / disease and to its use. This In Situ Lab On a Chip Signalling device (ISLOGS device) is used for detecting a medical condition / disease in situ or in vivo (inside the body), for example by swallowing it for testing in the digestive tract or by putting it into the vagina, mouth or nose. All reactions takes place in the body and when the test result is positive the device will notify the subject by colorizing the tested body fluid or biomaterial (for example faeces, urine or saliva) or the device itself. The detection is made outside of the body when the biomaterial or ISLOCS device has left the body.

A thin-film, diaphragm based device is disclosed which can be used to perform an array of sensing and actuating operations where a very thin profile is desired, such as in millimeter, micrometer, or nanometer tight spaces.

A system for measuring an analyte of interest, particularly carbon dioxide, dissolved in a fluid media of a patient including a nanoelectronic sensor and a measurement instrument in communication with the sensor and configured to receive at least a signal from the sensor indicative of a response of the sensor to at least the analyte of interest.

The invention provides a quantum dot (QD) modified optical fiber-based biosensor which characterizes matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) enzyme activity at pain signaling sites in the central nervous system (CNS) in vivo. Related systems and peptide biomarker screening methods are also provided.

The invention provides a piezoresistive electronic skin, a preparation method and a use thereof. The piezoresistive electronic skin uses carbon nanotube film as the conductive layer and uses materials provided with micro-nano patterns, such as polydimethylsiloxane, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl formal, polyethylene, and so on, as the substrate, enabling the substrate has advantages of high flexibility and being pliable, and it needs low operating voltage and little power consumption, but has high sensitivity and short response time. More importantly, the invention uses the patterned flexible substrate as the basis, greatly improving the sensitivity of electronic skin reacting to tiny applied force from outside. The invention also provides a capacitive electronic skin and a preparation method thereof. Further, the invention also provides a use of the piezoresistive electronic skin or the capacitive electronic skin on speech recognition, pulse detection, medical robot, etc.

The present invention includes a flexible sensor suitable for contact with skin comprising: a nanocomposite; and a top layer; where the sensor provides in-situ detection in sweat or other aqueous body fluids at the skin surface of at least one physiological parameter selected from the group consisting of a physiological salt component, temperature, moisture, humidity, or combinations thereof. The present invention further includes a method of fabricating a flexible sensor suitable for contact with skin comprising: electrospinning at least one polyamide-producing monomer to form a non-conductive polyamide substrate; attaching at least one plurality of conductive nanoscale attachments, wherein the nanoscale attachments are selected from nanotubes, nanoparticles, or combinations thereof, to form an intermediate layer; and functionalizing the intermediate layer to form a top layer.

A nano-sniffer is provided for detecting chemicals and / or releasing chemicals based on detection of a chemical. The nano-sniffer may be less than about 150 nanometers in size. The nano-sniffer may be a passive, active, or semi-passive nano-sniffer. The nano-sniffer may be distributed to a subjects such as a human or animal or products, for example. The nano-sniffer may include a nano RFID component, including nano antennae that may comprise one or more carbon tubes. The nano-sniffer may include a nano battery. The nano-sniffer may include an environmentally reactive shell that reacts to its immediate environment to affix or adhere to a subject. The nano-sniffer may be constructed for direct or indirect distribution techniques such as by airborne techniques for inhalation, consumption distribution for ingestion, and contact distribution, for example.

Devices, systems, and methods for detecting nucleic acid hybridization, including single nucleic base mutations at low concentrations, are disclosed, using surface-tethered hairpin loop oligonucleotide probes and metal-nanoparticles conjugated to a hybridization detection sequence that is capable of binding the stem region of the opened hairpin loop oligonucleotide probe, without the use of labeling or target modification and capable of recycling.

An electrical signal output device and an electrical signal output method, which construct a single electrode by means of the property that the human skin and a friction layer material have different frictional electrical properties. The electrical signal output device comprises a friction layer (10), a resistor (40) and an electrode layer (20) which is closely fitted on the lower surface of the friction layer, wherein the electrode layer is electrically connected to an equipotential source (50) through the resistor. The electrical signal output device can effectively collect the mechanical energy generated in the human body and transform the mechanical energy into electric energy for storing, and can also monitor small activities of the human body by collecting electrical signals at the same time. The electrical signal output device is widely applied in the fields of medical care, health, etc., and has the characteristics of low costs, self-drive, a simple structure, etc.

A physical area network described herein enables significantly improved health monitoring and treatment by utilizing internal (in-body) mechanisms and information and external mechanisms and information.