The invention discloses a settlement and convergence preventing hydraulic side supporting device for lower bench excavation of a soft rock tunnel. The settlement and convergence preventing hydraulic side supporting device structurally comprises two bearing plates, linkage through pipes, an adjusting force-balancing device, and splicing rods; and the two bearing plates are horizontally mounted on the two side faces of the lower end of the adjusting force-balancing device, and the linkage through pipes are vertically mounted on the front surface of the adjusting force-balancing device. Gas is delivered to an extrusion pneumatic box through a flow-guiding gas pipe, the gas pressure in the extrusion pneumatic box is increased to extrude a linkage bent plate, and then an extrusion force-unloading plate is pushed to conduct extrusion force-unloading on the bearing plates; through an adjusting mechanism and a linkage mechanism in the adjusting force-balancing device, the size of the supporting device can be adjusted at will, and the situation that the supporting force of the tunnel supporting device is insufficient, then the tunnel supporting device needs to be re-manufactured, consequently, the construction quality is increased, and the construction speed is delayed is prevented; and meanwhile, through an anti-pressing mechanism, the situation that mountain force borne by all parts of the tunnel device is different, consequently, the single part bears force for a long time, the structure is damaged, and tunnel collapse is caused is prevented.