The invention discloses a temperature measuring control device and method for a novel battery and an assembled battery, which are applied to static and dynamic temperature measurement of various batteries and battery packs thereof. The temperature measuring control device comprises a temperature sensing front end, a temperature signal acquisition and calculation module, a battery management module, a communication module and a terminal and independent display module, and is powered by a battery pack, wherein the temperature sensing front end, the temperature signal acquisition and calculation module, the battery management module, the communication module and the terminal and independent display module are sequentially connected; an independent power supply module is connected with the temperature signal acquisition and calculation module and the battery management module respectively; the battery pack is connected with the battery management module; the temperature sensing front end comprises a fiber or grating sensor, and is arranged on the battery pack through a heat-conducting and fixing component. The temperature measuring control device is convenient to arrange, easy and convenient to operate and high in temperature measuring accuracy, can effectively monitor the temperature change of each battery in each region in real time, is continuous in detection point, wide in range, electrically neutral, resistant to radio frequency and electromagnetic interference, flame-proof, explosion-proof, resistant to corrosion and resistant to high pressure, and can work in a variety of environments.