The invention discloses a real-time automatic monitoring device for tunnel deformation. The real-time automatic monitoring device comprises at least one laser scanning mirror group, a plurality of composite target assemblies and an upper computer, wherein the laser scanning mirror group is composed of a laser emitter, a reflector group, a main embedded system and a shell. The laser emitter, the reflector group and the main embedded system are packaged in the shell, the reflector group can conduct X-direction scanning and Y-direction scanning on laser beams emitted by the laser emitter in a view field, and the laser beams can be kept at a fixed space angle to be emitted out according to an instruction of the main embedded system. The real-time automatic monitoring device overcomes the defects of complex operation, poor real-time performance, low efficiency, high site requirement, low repeated precision and the like in existing tunnel deformation measurement, is simple and convenient toinstall and deploy, high in measurement speed, high in precision, good in repeatability and large in measurement deformation displacement range, and can monitor multi-section deformation of a tunnel in real time.