The invention provides a nanoparticle-modified silicon-acrylic composite exterior wall heat-insulating coating, and its raw materials include the following components in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of silicon-acrylic emulsion, 2-5 parts of hollow glass microspheres, and 8-parts of diatomaceous earth 15 parts, 5-10 parts of nano-silica, 6-10 parts of hollow ceramic microspheres, 3-6 parts of nanometer far-infrared ceramic powder, 5-10 parts of heat-reflecting and heat-insulating powder, 5-10 parts of mica powder, aluminum oxide 2-5 parts of powder, 5-10 parts of titanium dioxide, 0.1-0.3 parts of pH regulator, 0.5-1.0 parts of dispersant, 0.2-0.5 parts of defoamer, 1.0-2.5 parts of coalescent, 0.5-0.5 parts of thickener 0.8 parts, 1-3 parts of antifreeze, 0.1-0.3 parts of leveling agent, 0.1-0.3 parts of preservative, 20-50 parts of deionized water. The invention also provides its preparation method, the coating has good properties of nanoparticles, antibacterial properties, alkali resistance, scrub resistance, stain resistance and aging resistance, reflective heat insulation, environmental protection, aesthetics, outdoor weather resistance , Low thermal conductivity and other advantages.