The invention relates to a mining geological detecting instrument, in particular to a pneumatic earthquake source for an earthquake-wave geological detecting instrument. The pneumatic earthquake source comprises a cylinder body, an air inlet joint, a steam-cylinder upper cover, a sealing magnetic absorbing plate, a strong magnetic plate, a stainless steel hammer head, a return spring, a
copper gasket, a lower cover hammer pad and
cushioning devices, wherein the air inlet joint is arranged on the steam-cylinder upper cover; the sealing magnetic absorbing plate, the strong magnetic plate, the stainless steel hammer head and the return spring are arranged in the cylinder body in sequence from top to bottom; the lower cover hammer pad is connected with the cylinder body by the plurality of
cushioning devices; and the upper surface of the lower cover hammer pad is provided with the
copper pad. The pneumatic earthquake source has the advantages that large
impact force generated to the ground can be met, the hammering effect is realized, simultaneously the force application in each time is uniform so as to generate good and consistent waveforms and finish large-area and multi-density multipoint test; and the whole design is compact, the carrying is convenient, the supporting is strong, the
cushioning is effective, the operation can be finished by single person and the anti-explosion requirement is met.