The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine for treating primary liver cancer. The traditional Chinese medicine comprises the following raw materials proportioning by weight: 20 to 30 parts of oldenlandia diffusa, 20 to 30 parts of lobelia, 20 to 30 parts of agrimonia pilosa, 20 to 30 parts of herba scutellariae barbatae, 10 to 20 parts of morel, 2 to 4 parts of aweto, 8 to 15 parts of flos buddlejae and 10 to 20 parts of glossy privet fruit, which are added with water and decocted into decoction. For a patient with liver ascites, 20 to 30 parts of herba rostellulariae and 10 to 15 parts of areca are added. The traditional Chinese medicine has the advantages of protecting the liver, promoting liver cell regeneration, expanding the blood vessel of the liver, reinforcing the blood circulation in the liver and increasing the blood flow of the liver, thereby improving liver nutrition and oxygen supply and reinforcing the immunological function. The sources of all the medicinal materials are extensive, the medicinal materials can be mostly collected in southern regions, various Chinese herbal medicines are adopted to carry out comprehensive treatment with obvious effect and convenient taking, each prescription composition conforms to the prescription of medicine politics, the synthetic action of each medicine is utilized to treat the liver cancer, so that the traditional Chinese medicine has no toxic or side effect on a human body.