The invention discloses a high-rate quick-setting mining hole sealing material and a using method thereof, and belongs to mining hole sealing materials. The hole sealing material is prepared from thefollowing raw materials in percentage by mass: 10%-30% of quick-setting powder, 60%-80% of Portland cement, 1%-6% of bentonite, 0.3%-0.5% of sodium chloride, 0.1%-0.3% of sodium aluminate, 3%-8% of quick lime, 0.05%-0.2% of a water reducing agent and 0.05%-0.2% of an active agent through even stirring according to the mass ratio of 1: 1.6-2. The hole sealing material is high in multiplying power and short in setting time, the expansion multiplying power ranges from 10% to 100%, the final setting time is shorter than 120 min, the compressive strength and the setting time are not affected whilethe multiplying power is improved, the strength and the setting time of gas extraction are met, and the long-term effect of hole sealing is guaranteed. Due to the high-expansion property of the hole sealing material, the pipe wall is filled with the hole sealing material, gas leakage caused by pores is avoided, the safety performance is improved, materials are saved for extraction pipes with the same length, and the gas extraction cost is reduced. The hole sealing material has the advantages of low price, no toxicity, no pollution, high hole sealing efficiency, favorable flowability and favorable plasticity.