The invention discloses a slow-release water-soluble fertilizer for yield increase and quality improvement of grape. Raw materials of the fertilizer comprise, by weight, 28-35 parts of urea, 10-25 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 20-28 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 15-27 parts of calcium nitrate, 1-5 parts of a polyoxamide inorganic silica gel material, 1-4 parts of poly-formamido succinic acid inorganic silica gel, 2-5 parts of poly-formamido succinic acid diatomite, 1-5 parts of meerschaum powder, 2-6 parts of China fir charcoal, 1-4 parts of methyl cellulose, 1-3 parts of beta-cyclodextrin, 15-25 parts of vinasse, 5-15 parts of triple superphosphate, 20-40 parts of cassava vinasse, 0.2-0.6 part of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 0.2-0.8 part of heavy calcium carbonate, 0.4-0.8 part of Diaminoferric Xanthohumate, 0.1-0.6 part of sodium selenite, 0.2-0.8 part of zinc chloride, 0.2-0.6 part of manganese sulfate and 0.001-0.008 part of complex probiotic.