The invention provides a full-automatic PCB laser coding machine with a sorting function. The full-automatic PCB laser coding machine comprises a module mechanism, a track conveying mechanism, a lasercoding optical mechanism, a CCD visual positioning, code scanning and detecting mechanism, a PCB sensor and a control mechanism. The module mechanism can move in the horizontal direction, and movement of the module mechanism enables the laser coding optical mechanism and a CCD camera to synchronously move, enables the laser coding optical mechanism to move to the position above a PCB coding position, and enables the CCD camera to move to a PCB mark position or a position above the PCB coding position. The control mechanism responds to generate a warning signal when code reading results fed back by the camera are unqualified. According to the full-automatic PCB laser coding machine with the sorting function, a method and a system, the CCD visual positioning, code scanning and detecting mechanism automatically positions the coding position, after coding through the laser coding optical mechanism is completed, the CCD visual positioning, code scanning and detecting mechanism conducts code scanning and detecting, and the situation that the entire batch of products are scrapped due to the fact that PCB products coded badly are put in storage is avoided.