3132 results about "Electro-optics" patented technology

Systems and methods are disclosed for classifying objects using electro-optical and synthetic aperture radar images through multi-modal feature alignment and fusion. A computing system acquires and preprocesses image data, then aligns features across modalities using a multi-modal alignment engine. A cross-modal attention fusion network extracts and integrates complementary information using transformer-based attention mechanisms. A modality-specific feature extraction framework processes EO and SAR images through specialized branches, ensuring optimal feature representation. An adaptive fusion decision system dynamically determines the best fusion strategy based on image quality and confidence scores. A self-supervised consistency controller enforces alignment between EO and SAR features using contrastive learning. The fused representations are processed by a neural network to generate object classifications. This system improves accuracy and robustness in environments where one modality may be degraded or missing, enhancing applications such as remote sensing, surveillance, and autonomous navigation.

The invention provides a liquid crystal composite for an active-matrix-addressed electro-optical display device and application of the liquid crystal composite. The liquid crystal compound comprises a compound with a general formula (I) which occupies 10 percent to 30 percent of the total weight of the liquid crystal composite, a compound with a general formula (II) which occupies 5 percent to 30 percent of the total weight of the liquid crystal composite, a compound with a general formula (III) which occupies 10 percent to 40 percent of the total weight of the liquid crystal composite, and a compound with a general formula (IV) which occupies 10 percent to 60 percent of the total weight of the liquid crystal composite. The liquid crystal composite provided by the invention has a relatively high response speed and good low temperature storage stability. The invention further provides the active-matrix-addressed electro-optical display device comprising the liquid crystal composite.

Various embodiments provide for electro-photonic networks, including a plurality of processing elements connected by bidirectional photonic channels, suited for implementing neural-network models. Weights of the model may be preloaded into memory of the processing elements based on assignments of neural nodes to processing elements implementing them, and routers of the processing elements can be configured to stream activations between the processing elements based on a predetermined flow of activations in the model.

The invention discloses a repetition-frequency-adjustable high-energy nanosecond laser and a working method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of lasers. The laser comprises a synchronizing signal controller, a nanosecond seed source, an electro-optical selection system, a first end face pumping amplification stage, a second end face pumping amplification stage and a side face pumping bi-pass amplification stage, the synchronizing signal controller is adopted to generate a clock reference signal, a frequency division synchronizing signal and a clock synchronizing signal, and integrated control over system signals is achieved. The clock reference signal is used for triggering the seed source to generate nanosecond seed light pulses, the frequency division synchronizing signal is optimized and adjusted to control the electro-optical menu system to screen out frequency division seed light pulses, and the repetition frequency of the seed light pulses is adjustable. Meanwhile, a pulse pumping mode MOPA structure is adopted, the repetition frequency of each amplification stage pumping light pulse and the repetition frequency of the non-frequency-divided seed light pulse are kept consistent through a clock synchronization signal, it is ensured that the heat effect of the whole system is stable, and repetition frequency adjustable nanosecond laser output with high energy and good reliability is achieved.

The embodiment of the invention provides an electro-optical modulator and a light quantum computer. The electro-optical modulator comprises an electrode assembly and an optical waveguide assembly. The electrode assembly comprises a positive signal electrode, a negative signal electrode, a first grounding electrode and a second grounding electrode, and the positive signal electrode and the negative signal electrode are arranged between the first grounding electrode and the second grounding electrode. The optical waveguide assembly is configured to bear optical signals and comprises a first optical waveguide and a second optical waveguide, the first optical waveguide is located between the positive signal electrode and the negative signal electrode and used for bearing first optical signals, and the second optical waveguide is located between the first grounding electrode and the positive signal electrode or between the second grounding electrode and the negative signal electrode and used for bearing second optical signals. The carrier is used for bearing second optical signals. Constant-amplitude voltage signals with opposite phases are applied to the positive signal electrode and the negative signal electrode which are tightly coupled, so that the modulation efficiency can be improved, and the common-mode noise can be reduced.

An adaptive modular multimodal communication and computing panel includes a multilayer stack with a protective layer transmissive in selected bands, a reconfigurable communication layer operable in phased array, reflectarray, hybrid phased reflector, free space optical, or quantum modes, and electronics with heterogeneous processors. A multi scale interconnect and input and output fabric couples electrical, radio frequency, guided optical, and free space optical domains through interfaces including electro optic transduction and RF or baseband conversion. The fabric may implement programmable true time delay, resonators, and comb referenced timing. A management system coordinates beamforming, sensing, routing, calibration, workload placement, and security. Panels tessellate and connect by electrical, radio frequency, and fiber optic interfaces, supporting hot swappable modules, blind mate connectors, robotic servicing, and anti tamper features. Power and thermal subsystems harvest, store, regulate, and dissipate energy. The architecture scales from chip level modules to vehicle, airborne, maritime, orbital, and deployable systems.

The invention discloses a micro-grid park integrated energy system planning method and device, a terminal and a medium. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring energy demand data, time-of-use electricity price information, natural gas price and meteorological information of a park to be planned, and equipment parameters, equipment investment cost and equipment maintenance cost in an integrated energy system of the park to be planned; the influence of temperature change on thermodynamic characteristics of steam is considered, and equivalent energy storage of a steam heat accumulator of the microgrid park is modeled by considering valley electricity heat storage; setting constraint conditions of a planning model according to the acquired data information, and taking the minimum comprehensive cost as an objective function, thereby constructing a cold-hot electro-optical storage and charging integrated microgrid park planning model considering electric power-steam multi-energy complementation; and solving the planning model, and outputting a planning scheme about whether each device in the integrated energy system is configured, the configuration capacity and the operation output curve of each configured device. According to the invention, the energy structure of the park is optimized, the resource utilization efficiency is improved, and the stability of the system is enhanced.

The invention discloses a multi-sideband chirp modulation DAS system and a working method thereof, and relates to the technical field of distributed sound wave sensing. The DAS system comprises a narrow linewidth laser, an optical fiber coupler, a phase modulator, an electro-optical modulator, an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier, an optical fiber circulator, a dense wavelength division multiplexer, a photoelectric balance detector, a data acquisition card, an arbitrary waveform generator, a direct current source and the like. The phase modulator is used for modulating constant-amplitude multi-frequency continuous light, the frequency number of light waves is related to the harmonic number of a microwave modulation signal, the frequency interval is determined by the fundamental frequency of the microwave modulation signal, the continuous light frequency can be flexibly modulated by adjusting the microwave modulation signal, and the modulation bandwidth is large; detected beat frequency signals are compressed into single-frequency signals through pulses, phase information of the single-frequency signals is demodulated, vibration signals along the sensing optical fiber can be detected, the spatial resolution of the system depends on the chirp frequency sweeping range, and the spatial resolution is high.

The invention provides a broadband tunable low-phase-noise photo-generated microwave signal source and device, and relates to the technical field of photo-generated microwaves. According to the invention, a low-frequency optical pulse and a high-frequency microwave signal are respectively input into the electro-optical sampling phase-locked loop; and the electro-optical sampling phase-locked loop determines the synchronization error of the optical pulse and the microwave signal based on the phase difference between the optical pulse center point and the microwave signal zero crossing point. And taking the synchronization error as a feedback signal, and continuously adjusting the frequency and the phase of the microwave signal by the voltage-controlled oscillation module until the frequency and the phase are synchronized with the Nth harmonic of the optical pulse. By setting different initial frequencies of the voltage-controlled oscillation module, microwave signals with different integral multiple optical pulse frequencies can be obtained, and broadband tuning of photo-generated microwave signals is realized. Furthermore, the repetition frequency of the frequency comb is locked through beat frequency of two beams of reference laser and two adjacent comb teeth, the stability of the reference laser is transmitted to the optical pulse, and the stability of the reference laser is further transmitted to the microwave signal through synchronization of the optical pulse and the microwave signal, so that the phase noise of the photo-generated microwave signal source is reduced.

The invention discloses a distributed feedback laser and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the field of lasers. The preparation method of the distributed feedback laser comprises the following steps: forming a lower limiting layer, a lower waveguide layer, an active layer, an upper waveguide layer, an upper limiting layer, a grating layer, a grating buried layer, a corrosion stop layer, an InP cladding, a barrier gradient layer, a contact layer and a sacrificial layer on a substrate, wherein the sacrificial layer comprises an InP layer and an InGaAs layer which are stacked in sequence; etching to form a ridge waveguide structure; forming an insulating layer; removing the insulating layer in a preset area on the ridge waveguide structure to expose the sacrificial layer; wherein the side wall of the InGaAs layer is completely exposed, and the side wall of the InP layer is partially exposed; and etching to remove the InGaAs layer and the InP layer to form an upper electrode layer and a lower electrode layer. According to the invention, the reliability and the electro-optical conversion efficiency of the distributed feedback laser can be improved.

The invention discloses a rapid polarized light acoustic imaging device which comprises an excitation source, a light beam shaping module, a rapid polarization modulation module, an energy feedback module, a rapid scanning module and an acquisition processing module. And receiving photoacoustic signals corresponding to the exciting light in four different polarization states for calculation, and extracting anisotropy information of the sample. Compared with multiple times of scanning a sample or modulating the polarization state by rotating a half-wave plate, the problems of dislocation of multiple times of polarization acquisition points and false positive calculation are avoided, meanwhile, the time interval generated by continuously modulating the laser pulses is short, and energy fluctuation among the four pulses and errors caused by fluctuation are reduced. According to the invention, the limitation of the precision and speed of polarized light acoustic microscopic imaging is overcome, the microstructure characteristics in the target sample can be rapidly, accurately and highly sensitively detected, and the method has great application prospects in biomedical imaging and high-precision material detection.

The invention discloses an optical memristor, and relates to the field of photon integrated circuits and optical computing, and the optical memristor comprises a waveguide layer, a ferroelectric film layer, an electrode structure and a substrate. The ferroelectric film layer is located on the upper surface of the substrate; the waveguide layer and the electrode structure are located on the upper surface of the ferroelectric film layer; the waveguide layer is used for propagating an incident light signal and performing amplitude modulation on the incident light signal; the electrode structure is used for applying an electric field to the ferroelectric film layer; and the ferroelectric film layer is used for carrying out phase modulation on optical signals transmitted in the waveguide layer under the action of the electric field. The ferroelectric material is used as the optical switch of the optical memristor, efficient modulation of the optical phase is achieved through the non-volatility and the high electro-optical effect of the ferroelectric material, and meanwhile the optical memristor has the advantages of being low in energy consumption and rapid in response.

The invention belongs to the technical field of optical communication, and particularly relates to a high-integration-level direct insertion type circular active connector optical cable assembly which comprises a modified connector, a shell connected with the assembling end of the modified connector, a printed board assembly fixedly arranged in the shell and an optical cable assembly. The printed board assembly comprises a rigid printed board I which is in welding fit with a pin contact element in the modified connector, and two end parts of the rigid printed board I are connected with flexible printed boards. According to the high-integration-level in-line circular active connector optical cable assembly in the technical scheme, the photoelectric / electro-optical conversion chips mounted on the rigid printed board II are all vertical emitting light and vertical receiving light, and the photoelectric / electro-optical conversion chips are coupled by adopting the lenses, so that on one hand, the lenses play a role in protecting the photoelectric / electro-optical conversion chips and the gold wires, and on the other hand, the optical cable assembly is not damaged; on the other hand, the optical path can be rotated by 90 degrees to be parallel to the second rigid printed board, it is guaranteed that the optical cable center line and the active electric connector optical cable assembly are located on the same center line, and coaxial fiber output is achieved.

The invention discloses an optical frequency comb generation method and device based on Brillouin scattering and an electro-optical modulator, and belongs to the field of photoelectric measurement. The method comprises the steps that a first laser and a second laser are used for generating pump light and seed light respectively, multi-wavelength pump light is generated through a cascade electro-optical modulator, the pump light and the seed light are emitted into a Sagnac loop, an optical frequency comb is output through the forward Brillouin scattering effect of an optical fiber and the electro-optical modulator, and the seed light and the pump light are output. The polarization controller is adjusted to optimize polarization state matching of the pump light and the seed light, so that the Brillouin scattering effect reaches the maximum value. The device is composed of a laser, an electro-optical modulator, a signal generator, an optical amplifier, an optical isolator, an optical coupler, a polarization controller and an optical fiber. The optical fiber forward Brillouin scattering effect and the electro-optical modulator are combined, the optical frequency comb giving consideration to the wide frequency spectrum and the narrow interval is generated, meanwhile, the comb tooth interval of the optical frequency comb can be accurately controlled by independently adjusting the frequency of the signal generator, and accurate measurement of signals or objects is achieved.

The invention discloses a laser coaxial beam combining system for improving the repetition frequency of laser pulses, which comprises p polarization pulse lasers, a pulse time sequence controller and n stages of beam combining devices, each stage of beam combining device comprises an s polarization pulse laser, a polarization beam combiner and an electro-optical Q switch, and n is a non-negative integer and is greater than or equal to 1. The invention has the following advantages: a plurality of beams of laser in different polarization states can be combined, the pulse repetition frequency and the output average power of the laser are improved, the optimal pulse energy and peak power are maintained, and coaxial output of pulses in the same polarization state is realized.

The invention provides a bent waveguide structure, an electro-optical modulator and a light quantum computer, and relates to the technical field of electro-optical modulation.The bent waveguide structure comprises an input waveguide, a bent waveguide and an output waveguide which are sequentially connected, and the bent waveguide comprises a substrate transmission waveguide layer, an input coupling part and an output coupling part; the input coupling part and the output coupling part are arranged at the two ends of the substrate transmission waveguide layer respectively, a shallow etching groove is formed between the input coupling part and the output coupling part, the input coupling part is connected with the input waveguide, and the output coupling part is connected with the output waveguide. Compared with the prior art, the shallow etching groove is formed between the input coupling part and the output coupling part, so that the thickness of the waveguide film at the bending part is reduced to ensure that the substrate transmission waveguide layer is of a single-mode structure, the transmission loss is reduced, and the bending waveguide is relatively independent from the input waveguide and the output waveguide, so that the transmission efficiency is improved. Therefore, the process precision of the bent waveguide can be independently adjusted, the process time is reduced, and the efficiency is improved.

The invention discloses an electro-optical-acoustic cooperative partial discharge detection device and method, and belongs to the field of equipment discharge fault detection. The device integrates a high-frequency current detection module, a photoelectric coupling detection module and an acoustic emission detection module; a high-frequency pulse current signal of a cable grounding loop, a pulse electric field of an insulating surface and an ultrasonic signal in a solid medium can be collected at the same time; all the collected signals are sent to the signal integrated processing module for alignment, noise reduction and multi-signal homologous conformity test; after detection, the signal integration processing module extracts combined feature vectors from the signals and inputs the combined feature vectors to the classification discriminator; finally, the discriminator outputs the probability of partial discharge, and if the probability exceeds a preset threshold value, it is judged that partial discharge exists in the cable. Therefore, by implementing the method and the device, the problems that single-mode detection in the prior art is poor in anti-interference capability in a complex field environment, and false alarm or missing alarm is easy to occur can be solved.

The invention relates to an integrated microcavity optical comb repetition frequency and optical frequency locking device and method, and belongs to the technical field of integrated microcavity optical combs. The locking device comprises a pumping module, a power amplification module, a phase modulation module, an electro-optic driving module, an acousto-optic modulation module, an acousto-optic driving module, a band-pass filtering module, a micro-ring resonant cavity and a beam splitting module; the device comprises a soliton detection module, a control module, a repetition frequency detection module, a first feedback control module, an acetylene frequency stabilized laser, a beat frequency module, an optical frequency beat frequency detection module and a second feedback control module. The locking device can achieve full frequency locking of the microcavity optical comb, has the advantages of being high in frequency stability, wide in servo bandwidth, simple and compact in structure, tight in locking, low in noise, high in reliability and low in cost, and can provide a powerful tool for the field of precision measurement.

Disclosed in the present invention are a dual electro-optic frequency comb-based laser tracking interferometric spatial coordinate measurement system and method. Multiple target mirrors are identified by means of a vision module, to guide a rotating mirror to direct laser light toward each target mirror individually. A laser tracking interferometric ranging module obtains a tracking error of the laser beam deviating from the center of the target mirror to be used for closed-loop tracking control. A light source module outputs single-frequency laser light traceable to a gas absorption peak. By controlling a light source modulation module to enable or disable an electro-optic phase modulation drive signal, dual electro-optic frequency combs or dual-frequency continuous-wave laser light is outputted. In a tracking state, the laser tracking interferometric ranging module respectively uses the two light sources to measure the absolute distance and the relative displacement of a target mirror, and the real-time distance between the target mirror and an original point is computed by means of distance fusion; the elevation angle and the azimuth angle of the target mirror are obtained in real time by means of an azimuth angle and elevation angle measurement module; tracking control and coordinate computation are carried out by means of a tracking control and signal processing module and a computer, and finally three-dimensional spatial coordinates of all the target mirrors are measured.

The invention relates to the technical field of lighting electrical testing, in particular to a lamp testing system and method, and the system comprises an electrical parameter collection module, a harmonic analysis module, an optical collection module, a light fluctuation analysis module and an abnormality judgment module. Wherein the electrical parameter acquisition module is used for acquiring a real-time voltage waveform of an input end of a lamp; the harmonic analysis module is used for extracting a fundamental wave and each harmonic component and calculating a harmonic distortion rate; the optical acquisition module is used for synchronously acquiring light signal time sequence data of the light emitting surface of the lamp; the light fluctuation analysis module calculates the light fluctuation frequency of the light source; and the abnormity judgment module is used for generating an electrical-optical relevance index and comparing the electrical-optical relevance index with a preset threshold value so as to output a stroboscopic qualification judgment result of the lamp. According to the method, the accuracy of lamp stroboscopic detection and the causal identification capability are effectively improved by constructing the electrical-optical correlation index and realizing synchronous judgment.

Electro-photonic networks, including a plurality of processing elements connected by bidirectional photonic channels, suited for implementing neural-network models. Weights of the model may be preloaded into memory of the processing elements based on assignments of neural nodes to processing elements implementing them, and routers of the processing elements can be configured to stream activations between the processing elements based on a predetermined flow of activations in the model.

The invention discloses a laser frequency stabilization system based on Faraday anomalous dispersion atomic filtering, which is used for carrying out frequency stabilization on phase modulation multi-sideband laser, and comprises a frequency doubling laser unit which is configured to comprise a fundamental frequency seed light source, an electro-optical modulator, a fundamental frequency amplifier and a frequency doubling crystal; the light splitting module unit is configured to split the frequency doubling light into a main output light path and a monitoring light path; the atomic optical rotation filter is located on the monitoring light path and is configured to maintain the purity of the frequency-stabilized laser spectrum through purification treatment under the control of the axial magnetic field and the temperature; the frequency stabilization unit is configured to be a frequency stabilization light path and a servo system, and the frequency stabilization light path is used for obtaining laser frequency information and generating an error signal; the servo system is used for controlling the frequency of the fundamental frequency seed light source according to the error signal feedback. According to the laser frequency stabilization system provided by the invention, the spectrum purification and frequency stabilization precision can be improved, so that high-frequency stability locking is realized.

The invention discloses an on-chip time-frequency transmission system and method based on an octave optical comb and an electro-optical modulation optical comb, and the method comprises the steps: constructing a chip-based optical reference cavity through the technologies of vacuum optical cement, photoresist backflow and the like, and achieving an on-chip ultra-stable laser through a phase modulator and a reflection separation optical path; an on-chip laser source pumping micro-ring resonant cavity is utilized to generate an octave optical frequency comb, frequency multiplication is carried out on the on-chip laser source pumping micro-ring resonant cavity and an additional laser source to realize detection and locking of carrier envelope offset frequency (fceo), frequency beating is carried out on the on-chip laser source pumping micro-ring resonant cavity and the on-chip ultra-stable laser device to realize frequency beating (fbeam) locking, and the laser source is utilized to generate an electro-optical modulation optical frequency comb through a circulating phase modulator to realize frequency beating and locking of the on-chip ultra-stable laser device. And the optical time frequency is locked with the locked octave optical comb, is sent to a far end after polarization control and light amplification, and simultaneously receives an electro-optical modulation optical comb at the far end and performs linear light sampling, so that the transmission of the optical time frequency is realized. The optical fiber or space optical link time-frequency transmission device can realize optical fiber or space optical link time-frequency transmission, and has the advantages of low overall noise, high transmission precision, compact structure, small size, low power consumption and the like.

Exemplary embodiments provide a device [e.g. a circuit, such as a control circuit] for generating a [e.g. time-variable] bias voltage VDC for an electro-optic modulator, wherein the device is configured to obtain an output power signal (I) dependent on an optical output power of the electro-optic modulator, wherein the device is designed to generate the bias voltage VDC on the basis of an amplitude ratio between the fundamental and the first harmonic of the output power signal (I) and on the basis of a phase angle of a pilot signal applied to the electro-optic modulator.

The embodiment of the invention provides an extreme ultraviolet light generation method, an extreme ultraviolet light source assembly and an optical system. The extreme ultraviolet light generation method comprises the following steps: generating plasma by using a magnetic confinement device; under the condition that the plasma meets the preset injection condition, the heavy metal injection device is controlled to inject specified heavy metal into the magnetic confinement device, so that the specified heavy metal acts with the plasma in the magnetic confinement device to generate extreme ultraviolet light; the optical device is controlled to collect the extreme ultraviolet light. The magnetic confinement device meeting the extreme ultraviolet light generation requirement is low in cost, simple and stable in operation and high in electro-optical conversion efficiency, so that the extreme ultraviolet light generation method improves the stability of the extreme ultraviolet light and reduces the extreme ultraviolet light generation cost.

The invention relates to an electro-optical modulator, a preparation method thereof and an electro-optical chip. The electro-optical modulator comprises a substrate, an optical beam splitter, a first optical waveguide, a second optical waveguide, traveling wave electrodes and an electro-optical film, the traveling wave electrodes comprise a first signal electrode and a second signal electrode, the first signal electrode and the second signal electrode are sequentially arranged in the second direction, the first signal electrode and the second signal electrode form a differential electrode, and the first signal electrode and the second signal electrode are sequentially arranged in the second direction. The first signal electrode generates a first electric field when transmitting a first electric signal, the second signal electrode generates a second electric field when transmitting a second electric signal, the directions of the first electric field and the second electric field are opposite, and the refractive index of the electro-optical film is changed under the action of the electric fields to realize electro-optical modulation; part of the electro-optical film, the first optical waveguide overlaps with the first electric field, and the other part of the electro-optical film overlaps with the second electric field. According to the invention, the differential driving of the electro-optical modulator is realized based on the electro-optical film, and the anti-interference capability and the transmission distance of the electro-optical modulator are effectively improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of data processing, in particular to a method for monitoring the running state of a laser transmitter, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the multi-dimensional parameters of the laser transmitter, determining the instantaneous abnormal index of the laser transmitter at the current moment according to the variable quantities and change rates of the voltage and current of the laser transmitter at the current moment, and determining the running state of the laser transmitter according to the instantaneous abnormal index. Determining the sum of the relative decrease degree of the electro-optical conversion efficiency of the laser transmitter at the current moment and the relative increase degree of the waste heat as a performance degradation index of the laser transmitter at the current moment; and determining the product of the performance degradation index of the laser transmitter and the instantaneous abnormal index of the laser transmitter at the current moment as a health degree index of the laser transmitter at the current moment, and monitoring the running state of the laser transmitter in real time according to a comparison result of the health degree index and a preset health degree index threshold value. According to the method, the accuracy of monitoring the running state of the laser transmitter is improved.

The invention discloses a non-volatile phase shifter which is ultra compact and low in loss. In the non-volatile phase shifter, signal light is transmitted to the composite hybrid waveguide through the input waveguide and is modulated after passing through the phase change material area of the composite hybrid waveguide, and the phase change material is directly modulated through spatial light, so that the phase of the signal light is modulated. According to the invention, optical pulses with different pulse widths and different powers can be used, and the phase state of the phase change material can be regulated and controlled. The problems of large size area and high power consumption required by electro-optical regulation and control, thermo-optical regulation and control and the like are solved, pi phase shift can be realized in an interaction length as low as several microns, and meanwhile, relatively low loss is kept. According to the invention, the phase change material is regulated and controlled through spatial light, so that the distinguishable level up to 8 bits can be realized, and hyperfine phase regulation and control in an ultra-small structure can be realized. According to the invention, an excellent phase shifter design scheme can be provided for realizing complex photon circuits with ultra-compactness, ultra-low power consumption, low loss and the like.

An optical transceiver includes an electro-optic front end; a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) connected to the electro-optic front end; and one or more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) connected to the DAC and the ADC, wherein the one or more FPGAs are connected to one or more of a local memory and a remote storage for loading FPGA bit files, and wherein the one or more FPGAs are loaded with a forward error correction (FEC) encoding app and a FEC decoding app. The FEC encoding app and the FEC decoding app can be selected based on any of an optical application and a standard compliance requirement.

The invention provides a three-axis modulator chip structure and a three-axis fiber-optic gyroscope. The three-axis modulator chip structure comprises an electro-optical modulation chip, a first optical fiber and a second optical fiber, the input fiber is connected with the side of the chip. The input waveguide is embedded in the top surface of the chip, and the first end is coupled with the input fiber; a main port of the one-to-three coupler is coupled with the second end of the input waveguide; first branch ports of the three first one-to-two couplers are respectively coupled with three branch ports of the one-to-three coupler, second branch ports of the three first one-to-two couplers are respectively coupled with the three photoelectric detectors, and total ports of the three first one-to-two couplers are respectively coupled with total ports of the three second one-to-two couplers; each group of Y waveguide modulators comprises a Y waveguide and a modulation electrode, and first ends of two branch arms of the Y waveguide are coupled with two branch ports of the second one-to-two coupler; each output optical fiber group comprises two output optical fibers which are respectively coupled with the second ends of the two branch arms of the Y waveguide; the sealing cover covers the top surface of the chip. Welding is not needed, the assembling difficulty is reduced, and the overall size is reduced.