58 results about "Optical coefficient" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of damage detection, and discloses a screen protection film damage detection method and system, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the laser interference thickness scanning of a screen protection film, and obtaining three-dimensional thickness distribution data and thickness gradient vector field data; performing multi-layer polarization interference detection on the circularly polarized light beam based on the three-dimensional thickness distribution data to obtain polarization phase difference distribution data; according to the thickness gradient vector field data, non-periodic phase unenveloping processing is carried out on the polarization phase difference distribution data to obtain continuous polarization phase distribution data; performing stress optical coefficient tensor calculation and dynamic elliptical polarization modulation based on the continuous polarization phase distribution data to obtain stress damage space positioning data; the edge cutting area and the center bending area of the screen protection film are subjected to damage imaging reconstruction, a three-dimensional stress damage imaging result is obtained, and full-chain detection from geometric thickness change to stress distribution and then to damage positioning is achieved.

The invention discloses acousto-optic chalcogenide glass with a high laser damage threshold, the chemical composition formula of the acousto-optic chalcogenide glass is GexSySez, x, y and z respectively represent the mole fractions of Ge, S and Se, x = 10-30, y = 5-40, z = 40-70, x + y + z = 100, and the microscopic network structure of the acousto-optic chalcogenide glass contains a [GeSe4] tetrahedron, a [GeSSe3] tetrahedron, a [GeS2Se2] tetrahedron, a [GeS3Se] tetrahedron, a [GeS4] tetrahedron and a Se ring. The acousto-optic chalcogenide glass provided by the invention has a relatively high laser damage threshold Fth (9.72-15.58 J / cm < 2 > at1550 / 20ns / 5kHz), a relatively low thermo-optic coefficient dn / dT and good acousto-optic characteristics and mechanical properties, is high in near-infrared band transmittance, and has a relatively high laser damage threshold while ensuring a high acousto-optic quality factor. The material can be used as a material basis for developing high-performance and high-stability infrared acousto-optic modulation devices.

The invention discloses a polydimethylsiloxane sensitization optical fiber temperature and strain simultaneous measurement sensor. The sensor comprises an incident optical fiber, an optical fiber coupler, an optical fiber patch cord, a transmission optical fiber, a sensing cavity, a reference cavity and an emergent optical fiber, an optical signal enters the optical fiber coupler through the incident optical fiber and is divided into two beams of equal-intensity light in the coupler, the two beams of light are respectively input into the transmission optical fiber through the optical fiber patch cord and then enter the sensing cavity and the reference cavity which are coated with the polydimethylsiloxane, and the light is reflected by the cavities to form interference; the interference light is transmitted back to the optical fiber coupler through respective transmission optical fibers, so that a vernier spectrum is formed; the emergent optical fiber transmits an optical signal containing temperature strain information to a spectrograph, trough drift is analyzed through a dual-wavelength matrix demodulation method, and simultaneous measurement is achieved. By combining the vernier effect, the structural advantages of the Fabry-Perot interferometer and the advantage of high thermo-optical coefficient of the polydimethylsiloxane, the invention has the advantages of low cost, high sensitivity, high stability and the like.

The present disclosure provides a free space optical system for optically transmitting processed radio frequency signals through a variably refractive medium. The system may include a transmitting element configured to receive a first signal and process it to generate a time-division combined signal. The transmitting element includes an optical source to generate a beam of light, a modulator to modulate the beam of light based on the time-division combined signal, and an amplifier to amplify the modulated beam of light, which is transmitted through the variably refractive medium. A receiving element includes a photoreceiver to receive the amplified beam of light and extract a second time-division combined signal, a correction unit to correct distortion in the second time-division combined signal, a mixer to multiply the corrected signal with a predetermined frequency signal, an amplifier to amplify the multiplied signal, and an antenna to emit a radio signal generated from the amplified multiplied signal.

The invention discloses a thin-film barium titanate electro-optical switch unit based on a composite electrode and an array thereof. The optical switch unit comprises a first waveguide optical fiber coupling module, a second waveguide optical fiber coupling module, an optical beam splitting module, an electro-optical phase shift region, an optical beam combining module, a third waveguide optical fiber coupling module and a fourth waveguide optical fiber coupling module. Wherein the composite electrode of the electro-optic phase shift region is composed of a metal electrode and a transparent conductive layer, the electrode is closer to the waveguide by utilizing the transparent characteristic of a transparent conductive material, the coupling of a light field and an electric field is effectively enhanced, and the extinction ratio is improved. Meanwhile, a barium titanate film with a high electro-optical coefficient is adopted as a waveguide material, and the performance is further optimized, so that the electro-optical switch unit has the excellent characteristics of low-voltage driving, high extinction ratio, low insertion loss and small size.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a lead zirconate titanate film of a spatial light modulator, which comprises the following steps of: depositing a lead zirconate titanate target material on a prepared substrate by using a magnetron sputtering method to form a layer of lead zirconate titanate film; annealing the substrate deposited with the lead zirconate titanate film to enable the lead zirconate titanate film to form a compact crystal structure, and after annealing is completed, naturally cooling the substrate to room temperature; and sputtering an electrode material in a selected area on the surface of the formed lead zirconate titanate film to complete the preparation of the spatial light modulator. A magnetron sputtering method is adopted to deposit a lead zirconate titanate target material on a substrate to form a uniform and high-quality lead zirconate titanate film, a traditional material is replaced, and the electro-optical coefficient is improved; annealing the substrate deposited with the lead zirconate titanate thin film to form a compact crystal structure, optimizing the crystallization quality of the thin film, improving the stability and durability and meeting the long-term stable operation requirement, and sputtering an electrode material in a selected area on the surface of the lead zirconate titanate thin film to complete the preparation of the spatial light modulator.

A temperature measurement device (1) comprises: a light emission unit (10) that generates coherent, continuous measurement-light; a light detection unit (30) that detects reflected light or transmitted light of the continuous measurement-light which is projected onto a sample (50) to be measured; and an analysis unit (42) that calculates a temperature distribution of the sample (50) to be measured on the basis of the intensity of the reflected light or the transmitted light detected by the light detection unit (30). The analysis unit (42) calculates the optical thickness of the sample (50) to be measured from a temporal change in the intensity of the reflected light or the transmitted light and, by using a refractive index distribution model representing the relationship between the optical thickness and a refractive index distribution in the thickness direction of the sample (50) to be measured at the time of a temperature change, calculates the refractive index distribution from the optical thickness, and calculates the temperature distribution of the sample (50) to be measured by converting the refractive index distribution into the temperature distribution on the basis of the thermo-optical coefficient of the sample (50) to be measured.

The application discloses a modulation-insensitive dual-mode waveguide optical switch and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of planar optical waveguide devices. The switch is composed of a silicon wafer substrate, a polymer lower cladding layer, a polymer optical waveguide core layer and a polymer upper cladding layer from bottom to top, the polymer optical waveguide core layer is covered in the polymer upper cladding layer, and the refractive index of the polymer optical waveguide core layer is higher than that of the polymer upper cladding layer and the polymer lower cladding layer. The application utilizes the advantages of simple asymmetric directional coupling structure and asymmetric Y branch structure and the large thermal-optical coefficient of organic polymer materials, and realizes the modulation-insensitive switch of two signal optical modes through mode conversion by using the asymmetric Y branch when the heating electrode is modulated. The preparation process of the application is simple, only needs spin coating, photoetching and wet etching, effectively reduces the production cost, improves the production efficiency of the device, is favorable for large-scale batch production, and enables the mode signal optical switch to be applied to actual use.

The invention discloses a nano-bubble optical coefficient measurement method based on a multilayer spherical shell Mie theory, relates to the technical field of nano-bubble and nano-particle optical property measurement, and aims to solve the problem that an existing method cannot measure the optical property of a nano-bubble, the energy of laser absorbed by nano-particles is obtained according to the change of the transmission light intensity of the nano-particles, and the optical coefficient of the nano-bubble is measured according to the change of the transmission light intensity of the nano-particles. And substituting the refractive index field into an energy equation, obtaining the temperature and density in the nano-bubble forming process through a lattice Boltzmann method, and further obtaining the optical coefficient of the nano-particles wrapped by the nano-bubbles based on the multilayer spherical shell Mie theory according to the change condition of the refractive index field along with the degree.

The invention relates to chalcogenide glass with a low thermo-optical coefficient as well as a preparation method and application of the chalcogenide glass. The chalcogenide glass with the low thermo-optical coefficient is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight: 78 to 84 percent of Se; 12%-20% of Ge; and 4%-8% of As. Through specific component design, the thermo-optical coefficient is reduced, and the influence of temperature on the optical system is reduced, so that the wavefront distortion control precision of the optical system in an extreme temperature environment is ensured.

The present invention relates to the field of optical waveguide manufacturing technology, specifically disclosing an optical waveguide, a manufacturing method thereof, and an optical waveguide spot adapter. The optical waveguide is manufactured using silicon oxycarbide with a refractive index ranging from 1.457 to 2.7 (inclusive), exhibiting low transmission loss and a good thermo-optical coefficient. The optical waveguide is suitable for optical waveguide devices of various sizes and can be used for optoelectronic monolithic and hybrid integration. Furthermore, the optical waveguide can achieve single-mode transmission even with a large refractive index difference between the core and cladding, resulting in lower loss compared to standard single-mode fiber coupling. Furthermore, the provided optical waveguide manufacturing method utilizes a low process temperature during the manufacturing process, eliminating the need for high-temperature annealing and being compatible with IC manufacturing processes.

The present invention provides a rare earth-doped optical fiber for suppressing mode instability effects and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of special optical fiber preparation. The preparation method first deposits a channel region with a low refractive index in a quartz tube, and then sequentially prepares a core passive region and a core active region with different doping components to achieve different thermo-optic coefficients in the local region of the core. The present invention reduces the thermo-optic coefficient of the optical fiber and weakens the nonlinear inter-mode coupling effect by introducing a negative thermo-optic coefficient material, thereby effectively suppressing MI; at the same time, the method of rare earth ion center doping is adopted to reduce the high-order mode gain in the case of a large core, and then suppress the generation of high-order modes through a mode competition mechanism, thereby increasing the proportion of the fundamental mode; the low numerical aperture and channel structure design enable the optical fiber to have a higher high-order mode loss, suppress the fundamental mode-high-order mode coupling effect, further increase the MI threshold, and improve the beam quality.

This invention discloses an ultra-low residual amplitude modulation waveguide-optical phase modulator, comprising a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer parallel to each other. An α-phase waveguide channel and a substrate layer are disposed between the first and second electrode layers. The optical axes of the α-phase waveguide channel and the substrate layer are both perpendicular to the plane of the first electrode layer. The difference between the thermo-optical coefficient of the α-phase waveguide channel and the thermo-optical coefficient of the substrate layer is less than a preset thermo-optical coefficient difference threshold. Part of the side of the α-phase waveguide channel is covered by the substrate layer. The electric field between the first and second electrode layers uniformly covers the entire α-phase waveguide channel and the substrate layer. The two ends of the α-phase waveguide channel serve as the input and output ends of the light beam, respectively. This invention, by changing the electric field application method and thermo-optical coefficient matching, fundamentally maintains the consistency of the interference phase, thereby significantly reducing the sensitivity of RAM signals to voltage and ambient temperature fluctuations.

The embodiment of the invention provides a chromophore compound, a preparation method of the chromophore compound, an organic electro-optical material and application of the organic electro-optical material, and relates to the technical field of materials. The chromophore compound comprises a conjugate bridge, and a receptor and a donor which are respectively connected to two ends of the conjugate bridge through chemical bonds, the donor comprises aniline and a derivative structure thereof, and the aniline and the derivative structure thereof comprise silyl ether groups. By introducing the silyl ether group into the donor, the chemical stability and thermal stability of the chromophore compound can be improved. Meanwhile, when the chromophore compound is applied to the organic electro-optical material, the organic electro-optical material can have low dipole moment, and the nonlinear optical performance of the organic electro-optical material is improved. Furthermore, the donor in the chromophore compound has strong electron donating ability and can be cooperated with the receptor, and the beta value of the chromophore compound can be effectively improved, so that the organic electro-optical material can generate a larger electro-optical coefficient subsequently.

The present invention provides a thermal compensation birefringent filter and an imaging device. The thermal compensation birefringent filter adopts a four-stage series interference polarization unit design, with the third and fourth stage interference polarization units placed in the middle, and the first and second stage interference polarization units placed on both sides. Each interference polarization unit is based on the principle of interference polarization and is based on two birefringent crystals with different refractive index temperature coefficients. The phase difference change caused by temperature change is compensated by the reasonable placement of the optical axis. The birefringence of crystals of different materials is different, and the thermo-optical coefficient is also different. The problem of spectral line drift caused by temperature change is solved, so that the working wavelength is always stable at 656.3nm (i.e., the Hα line of the sun), and the fluctuation range of the central wavelength of the spectral line does not exceed 0.002nm. The thermal compensation birefringent filter designed by the present invention has no electrical control, temperature control and mechanical devices in the system, which can reduce the physical size of the instrument and improve the stability of the instrument.

The present invention relates to the field of damage detection technology, and discloses a damage detection method and system for a screen protective film. The method comprises: performing laser interference thickness scanning on the screen protective film to obtain three-dimensional thickness distribution data and thickness gradient vector field data; performing multi-layer polarization interference detection on a circularly polarized light beam based on the three-dimensional thickness distribution data to obtain polarization phase difference distribution data; performing non-periodic phase de-envelopment processing on the polarization phase difference distribution data according to the thickness gradient vector field data to obtain continuous polarization phase distribution data; performing stress optical coefficient tensor calculation and dynamic elliptical polarization modulation based on the continuous polarization phase distribution data to obtain stress damage spatial positioning data; and performing damage imaging reconstruction on the edge cutting area and the central bending area of ​​the screen protective film to obtain three-dimensional stress damage imaging results. The present invention realizes full-chain detection from geometric thickness change to stress distribution to damage positioning.

The invention provides a gradient doped ferroelectric film device and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of optoelectronic devices. The gradient doped ferroelectric thin film device comprises a substrate, a buried oxide layer, a buffer layer and a ferroelectric thin film material layer which are sequentially stacked from bottom to top, impurity ions are doped in the ferroelectric film material layer, and the doping concentration of the impurity ions is sequentially increased from bottom to top. By adopting the gradient doping design increasing from bottom to top, the interface defect and the internal stress of the ferroelectric film are optimized, the problem of lattice mismatch between a common ferroelectric film and the substrate layer is solved, the crystal quality is improved, the electro-optical coefficient is enhanced, and the electro-optical effect is effectively improved.

The invention provides a chiral coupling ytterbium-doped optical fiber and a high-power optical fiber laser, and relates to the technical field of optical fibers. The ytterbium-doped optical fiber sequentially comprises a central fiber core, a plurality of spiral side cores, an inner cladding and an outer cladding from inside to outside, wherein the spiral side cores are spirally wound on the central fiber core along the axial direction of the central fiber core; wherein the basic mode refractive index of at least one spiral side core in the multiple spiral side cores is different from the refractive index of the central fiber core in a preset high-order mode, and the thermo-optical coefficient of the spiral side core with the refractive index different from the refractive index of the central fiber core in the preset high-order mode is larger than that of the central fiber core. The chiral coupling ytterbium-doped optical fiber provided by the invention can effectively remove a high-order mode in the central fiber core.

The invention provides a superlattice electro-optical thin film material and a composite film layer and an electro-optical component comprising the same. The superlattice electro-optical thin film material is composed of dielectric material layers and barium titanate layers which grow periodically and alternately, in each period, each barium titanate layer is provided with m unit cell layers, each dielectric material layer is provided with n unit cell layers, m is in the range of 5-50, and n is in the range of 1-20; wherein the material for the dielectric material layer is selected from scandate or strontium tantalum lanthanum aluminate. The electro-optical composite film layer based on the barium titanate superlattice structure solves the problem that the electro-optical performance of traditional barium titanate is degraded, and the electro-optical coefficient of the barium titanate film approaches or even exceeds the level of block barium titanate.

The present application relates to a kind of unidirectional glass fiber reinforced polymer stress optical coefficient detection methods based on terahertz time-domain spectroscopy, comprising: S1, preparation of unidirectional glass fiber reinforced polymer under different curing temperature, in preparation process, respectively along fiber direction and perpendicular fiber direction embedding fiber Bragg grating;Obtain the residual strain of unidirectional glass fiber reinforced polymer along fiber direction and perpendicular fiber direction e x 、 e y , and then calculate the residual stress of along fiber direction and perpendicular fiber direction s x 、 s y ;S2, based on transmission terahertz time-domain spectroscopy system, obtain the refractive index of unidirectional glass fiber reinforced polymer along fiber direction and perpendicular fiber direction n x 、 n y ;S3, establish the propagation model of terahertz wave in different stress state of unidirectional glass fiber reinforced polymer;Combined s x 、 s s y 、 n x 、 n y , calculate the stress optical coefficient of unidirectional glass fiber reinforced polymer.This method is conducive to accurately detecting the stress optical coefficient of unidirectional glass fiber reinforced polymer.

The invention discloses CsSnCl3 nanocrystal doped chalcogenide glass and acousto-optic application of the CsSnCl3 nanocrystal doped chalcogenide glass, the molar composition formula of the chalcogenide glass is 97 (0.8 GeS2-0.2 Sb2S3)-3 CsSnCl3, and CsSnCl3 nanocrystals separated out in situ through heat treatment are dispersed in the chalcogenide glass. The chalcogenide glass has the advantages as follows: the chalcogenide glass has excellent thermal mechanical properties and high robustness, the comprehensive characteristics are outstanding, the Vickers hardness, the elastic modulus, the thermo-optical coefficient, the laser damage threshold and other parameters of the chalcogenide glass are remarkably improved compared with those of current mainstream acousto-optic chalcogenide glass, and a guarantee is provided for stable operation of a device in a high-temperature and high-power environment; the CsSnCl3 nanocrystals are packaged by using the stable glass matrix, so that the problems that the Sn-based perovskite material is easy to oxidize in the environment and poor in stability are fundamentally solved; the material has good infrared acousto-optic comprehensive characteristics and an ultra-wide infrared transmission range, can be used as an acousto-optic medium to be applied to acousto-optic devices, and has a wide application prospect in the acousto-optic field.

A device includes an entrance pupil configured to receive light from a distant source. The device also includes an exit pupil configured to output the light to at least one component of an imaging system. The device further includes a plurality of lenses disposed optically between the entrance pupil and the exit pupil, where the lenses are grouped into an objective group and an eyepiece group. In addition, the device includes a housing surrounding the lenses and formed of a housing material. The lenses are formed of one or more lens materials selected based on a thermo-optical coefficient of the one or more lens materials and a coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of the housing material. The lens materials can be selected to have a thermo-optical coefficient that is closest to the CTE of the housing material among thermo-optical coefficients of a plurality of possible lens materials.

The invention discloses a quantum dot-plasmon strong coupling device capable of electro-optical modulation and a preparation method thereof. The quantum dot-plasmon strong coupling device comprises a bottom silicon substrate, a silicon dioxide oxide layer, a lead zirconate titanate thin film, a metal interdigital electrode and a quantum dot light-emitting layer, and the bottom silicon substrate, the silicon dioxide oxide layer and the lead zirconate titanate thin film are sequentially arranged from bottom to top. The metal interdigital electrode is arranged in an interdigital grating array groove structure of the lead zirconate titanate film, and the quantum dot light-emitting layer is arranged in an area above a first groove and a second groove of the interdigital grating array groove structure. According to the quantum dot-plasmon strong coupling device, in the modulation performance, lead zirconate titanate serves as a relaxation ferroelectric material, the electro-optical coefficient of the relaxation ferroelectric material is far higher than that of a lithium niobate material, nanosecond-level ultra-high-speed response can be achieved, and the refractive index of the material can be adjusted in real time so as to be matched with the quantum dot energy level.

The invention provides a self-reference optical temperature sensor and a preparation method thereof. The sensor comprises a wafer substrate; the temperature sensitive film is formed on the wafer substrate, and coupling gratings are arranged at the two ends of the temperature sensitive film; an optical waveguide is arranged between the coupling gratings and comprises a temperature-sensitive sensing cavity and a temperature-insensitive reference cavity which are respectively arranged on two sides; the waveguide width of the temperature-insensitive reference cavity is smaller than that of the temperature-sensitive sensing cavity; and the negative thermo-optical coefficient material film covers the temperature-insensitive reference cavity and is used for compensating the positive thermo-optical coefficient of the temperature-sensitive film, so that the temperature-insensitive reference cavity is insensitive to the temperature. According to the invention, the temperature insensitivity of the resonant cavity is realized based on the compensation of the negative thermo-optical coefficient material as the reference of the temperature-sensitive resonant cavity, the resonant wavelength difference between the sensing cavity and the reference cavity is used as the sensing basis, the output wavelength drift noise of the laser is inhibited, and the stability of the optical resonant temperature sensor is effectively improved; the device preparation method is simple and convenient.

The present disclosure relates to an intraoral scanning system configured to determine a 3D graphical representation of a dental object. The system may include a handheld intraoral scanner configured to provide an invisible 2D image and a visible sub-scan of a dental subject; and one or more processors configured to determine a point cloud of the invisible 2D image and the visible sub-scans, determine a 3D finite element mesh, and align the point cloud with the 3D finite element mesh, where the 3D finite element mesh includes a plurality of finite elements, and where each finite element of the plurality of finite elements includes a plurality of vertices, determining one or more optical coefficients for each vertex of the plurality of vertices, and wherein the one or more optical coefficients correspond to a dental feature represented by the aligned point clouds; determining a triangular mesh representation of the aligned point clouds corresponding to the visible sub-scans, and wherein the triangular mesh representation comprises triangularly arranged vertices of the plurality of vertices; determining a tetrahedral mesh representation of the aligned point clouds corresponding to the invisible 2D image, and wherein the tetrahedral mesh representation comprises tetrahedral arranged vertices of the plurality of vertices; and wherein the 3D graphical representation is determined based on the triangular mesh representation and the tetrahedral mesh representation.

This invention provides a method based on MXene Ti 3 C 2 T x All-optical phase modulation device and modulation method for PDMS. This all-optical phase modulation device consists of a fiber interferometer and MXene Ti... 3 C 2 T x Two-dimensional materials, PDMS material composition, MXene Ti 3 C 2 T x Two-dimensional material was deposited onto the surface of coreless fiber II of the fiber interferometer. The surfaces of coreless fibers I and II of the fiber interferometer were also coated with PDMS material to complete the fabrication of an all-optical phase modulator. Based on MXene Ti... 3 C 2 T x The high photothermal conversion efficiency of two-dimensional materials and the high thermo-optical coefficient of PDMS material convert changes in excitation light into changes in the refractive index of PDMS material. The fiber optic interferometer senses the refractive index change of PDMS material, causing wavelength shift and phase change in the output interference spectrum. This invention optimizes the sensitivity of phase modulation, reduces device size, and enhances device reliability and practicality.

The invention discloses a Na5Tb9F32 magneto-optical crystal and a preparation method and application thereof, the chemical formula of the Na5Tb9F32 magneto-optical crystal is Na5Tb9F32, the crystal is of a cubic structure, the space group structure is Fm-3m, and birefringence does not exist; the order of magnitude of the thermo-optical coefficient of the material reaches 10 <-6 > K <-1 >, and the Vierdet constant is 33-34 Rad.m <-1 >. T <-1 > at 1064nm; the uniform melt crystallization characteristic is realized. The Na5Tb9F32 magneto-optical crystal is of a cubic structure, and birefringence does not exist; the thermo-optical coefficient is small, and the system is suitable for a high-power and high-stability optical system; the crystals have consistent melt crystallization characteristics, and large-size crystals are easy to grow. The Na5Tb9F32 magneto-optical crystal can be prepared by adopting a well-known crystal growth method, is a novel magneto-optical material with great potential, and is very suitable for being used as a crystal element of a high-power and high-stability magneto-optical device.

The invention provides an optical switch and a silicon optical chip, the optical switch comprises a first waveguide and a second waveguide, and the first waveguide and the second waveguide are arranged in parallel; the second waveguide comprises a main body and a first slot arranged in the main body; the first waveguide is made of a first material, the main body is made of the first material, and the first gap is filled with a second material; the thermo-optical coefficient of the first material is greater than that of the second material; the optical switch is sequentially provided with an input port area, an input coupling area, a non-coupling phase modulation area, an output coupling area and an output port area in the light propagation direction, and the input port area, the input coupling area, the non-coupling phase modulation area, the output coupling area and the output port area are all arranged on the first waveguide and the second waveguide. The width of the first waveguide in the uncoupled phase modulation area is 450 nanometers, and the width of the second waveguide in the uncoupled phase modulation area is 600 nanometers. The cost is reduced while the optical switch is realized.

The present disclosure provides a micro-ring modulator, comprising: a first electrode having an opening formed thereon; the second electrode is arranged in the opening, and an annular space is defined by the second electrode and the first electrode; the annular waveguide is arranged in the annular space, the annular waveguide is prepared based on a lead zirconate titanate material, the annular waveguide comprises a first linear waveguide, the first linear waveguide is located on the inner side of the opening, and metal plasmon surface waves are formed between the first linear waveguide and the first electrode and between the first linear waveguide and the second electrode. According to the micro-ring modulator, the lead zirconate titanate with a high electro-optical coefficient is adopted, the high-efficiency modulation function of the whole modulator can be supported, meanwhile, the service life of photons in the annular resonant cavity is shortened by means of the high transmission loss characteristic of metal plasmon surface waves, and therefore the low Q value of the micro-ring modulator is achieved, the optical modulation bandwidth is improved, and the optical performance of the micro-ring modulator is improved. And finally, high-speed signal modulation is realized.

Fatigue-resistant photoelastic soft materials are provided for soft robots and other sensing applications. The fatigue-resistant photoelastic soft materials include hydroscopic salt that allow the stress-optical coefficient of the fatigue-resistant photoelastic soft material to be tuned. The fatigue-resistant photoelastic soft materials include molecular entanglements that help to tune mechanical properties of the fatigue-resistant photoelastic soft materials.