89 results about "Small element" patented technology

An adaptable orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing system (OFDM) that uses a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) to having OFDM signals transmitted either in accordance with time diversity to reducing signal fading or in accordance with spatial diversity to increase the data rate. Sub-carriers are classified for spatial diversity transmission or for time diversity transmission based on the result of a comparison between threshold values and at least one of three criteria. The criteria includes a calculation of a smallest eigen value of a frequency channel response matrix and a smallest element of a diagonal of the matrix and a ratio of the largest and smallest eigen values of the matrix.

The system includes a bin hopper which temporarily stores a plurality of small elements, such as medications. The elements are moved out of the bin and singulated into a one-by-one sequence by a series of singulating conveyors. The resulting sequence of elements is moved onto a main system conveyor where the element is identified and then moved to a loading mechanism which arranges the item so it is ready to be gripped and stored. The system includes a mass storage apparatus comprising a series of four upstanding cylindrical drums, each having a plurality of individually accessible and addressable cell storage locations for the elements. A gripping apparatus removes the elements from the loading mechanism and transfers them to a selected location in a cylindrical drum. When an article is to be dispensed, the drum is rotated so that an ejection arm comes adjacent the desired location in the drum. The ejector arm is actuated, pushing the small element out of its slot, into the center of the drum, where it falls onto a conveyor which moves the dispensed item from the system.

An adaptable orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing system (OFDM) that uses a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) to having OFDM signals transmitted either in accordance with time diversity to reducing signal fading or in accordance with spatial diversity to increase the data rate. Sub-carriers are classified for spatial diversity transmission or for time diversity transmission based on the result of a comparison between threshold values and at least one of three criteria. The criteria includes a calculation of a smallest eigen value of a frequency channel response matrix and a smallest element of a diagonal of the matrix and a ratio of the largest and smallest eigen values of the matrix.

A single lens or optical system is used to image two different optical bands, for example visible and infrared, with the same possible adjustments in zoom and / or focus. A dual band singlet is formed of a first, larger, optical element, suitable for operating on light of a first optical band, with an aperture cut out of it. A smaller element, suitable for operating on light of a second optical band, is secured in, or on either side of, the aperture cut through the larger optical element, thus forming a dual band singlet that can operate on two different wavelength bands. Combinations of dual band lenses, lens elements, and lenses with cut-out apertures are used to form dual-band optical systems, including systems with dual-band focus and zoom.

A method and system for facilitating resolution of engineering and business issues is provided which comprises an issue component for identifying the issues to be resolved, an inquiry component for facilitating collection of client information relevant to the issue component to facilitate definition of the issue component, a knowledge base comprising data and information for facilitating assessment of the client information; and a solution base for compiling assessments and recommendations from the knowledge base and for reporting the assessments and recommendations to a client. In addition, the system can include a network for communicating the client information to the knowledge base and for communicating the assessments and recommendations to the client. The knowledge base comprises an artificial intelligence engine for assessing the client information, wherein the artificial intelligence engine is configured for comparing the new issue with an existing issue within a database to determine if similar, and thus provide a recommendation associated with the existing issue, and for breaking down the new issue into smaller components for further comparison if the existing issue is not similar to the new issue to thus provide a suggestion associated with said smaller components. As a result, an optimal set of suggestions and recommendations can be provided for a given engineering or business issue or problem. In addition, in accordance with another aspect of the present invention, the above method can be further broken down into smaller elements and sub-elements to provide a more detailed analysis. In addition, the method and system can be suitably utilized to resolve various ergonomic engineering issues.

The invention provides a laser preparation method of an iron-based amorphous nanometer crystalline coat, belonging to the technical field of coating a surface. The method comprises the following steps of: transporting laser melted and coated metal powder by means of side shaft synchronous powder transportation; melting and coating under the argon protection atmosphere to be formed into an iron-based alloy coat; and remelting by means of laser into the iron-based amorphous nanometer crystalline coat. The laser preparation method leads the coat to have smaller element segregation and even component distribution in fine equiaxial structure, leads a melting pond and a melting body to have higher glass forming capability, and is good for forming the amorphous nanometer crystalline tissue.

An anti-bird roosting device for protecting an area, comprising at least a pair of cooperating base elements mounted on the area to be protected, and a plurality of projecting spikes, supported on the base elements and projecting away therefrom into a space above the area to be protected. The spikes are provided in a pattern of interspersed combinations of vertical, obtuse and acute angle-forming projections, in a high spike density that prevents roosting in the protected space. Thus, each point in the area to be protected is defended by more than one spike, each spike coming from a different direction, so as to cross-defend each other, creating a perimeter envelope defense of the air volume surrounding the base elements. Each device is easily and inexpensively prepared as a continuous mesh, whose dimensions can be constructed in standard sizes or in accordance with the needs of the user. The element diameter is typically approximately two millimeters. The small element diameter makes the entire device hard to see from a distance so that it does not detract from the building's aesthetics.

A single lens or optical system is used to image two different optical bands, for example visible and infrared, with the same possible adjustments in zoom and / or focus. A dual band singlet is formed of a first, larger, optical element, suitable for operating on light of a first optical band, with an aperture cut out of it. A smaller element, suitable for operating on light of a second optical band, is secured in, or on either side of, the aperture cut through the larger optical element, thus forming a dual band singlet that can operate on two different wavelength bands. Combinations of dual band lenses, lens elements, and lenses with cut-out apertures are used to form dual-band optical systems, including systems with dual-band focus and zoom.

An image is processed to encode a digital watermark, with different regions thereof processed using different levels of watermark intensity. In an image comprised of elements of differing sizes (e.g., halftone shapes of different sizes, or lines of different width), the different regions can be defined by reference to the sizes of elements contained therein. Regions characterized by relatively small elements can be watermarked at a relatively low intensity. Regions characterized by relatively large elements can be watermarked at a relatively high intensity. A variety of other features are also discussed.

The invention discloses a hybrid power system for recovering the potential energy of a movable arm of an excavating machine. A check valve I, an auxiliary box, a motor, an electricity storing unit, a motor controller, a pressure sensor I, a pressure sensor II, a hydraulic motor, a clutch, a main controller and a check valve II are added on the basis of the conventional excavating machine; and an engine, the motor, the hydraulic motor and a master variable pump are combined into a power system through the auxiliary box. When the movable arm is lowered, oil flows back in two channels, a first oil backflow channel is connected into the hydraulic motor, a second oil backflow channel is connected into the master variable pump, and the hydraulic motor and the master variable pump are used for transmitting power to the power system respectively. The motor has an electricity generating function; by controlling the motor, the function of generating electricity through absorbed energy or providing driving energy through output energy can be realized, and the aim of energy conservation can be fulfilled; and the hybrid power system has the advantages of a small number of used elements, small element specification and low cost.

An adaptable orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing system (OFDM) that uses a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) to having OFDM signals transmitted either in accordance with time diversity to reducing signal fading or in accordance with spatial diversity to increase the data rate. Sub-carriers are classified for spatial diversity transmission or for time diversity transmission based on the result of a comparison between threshold values and at least one of three criteria. The criteria includes a calculation of a smallest eigen value of a frequency channel response matrix and a smallest element of a diagonal of the matrix and a ratio of the largest and smallest eigen values of the matrix.

A modified VOMAC mesh generation method for image data sampled from an actual object in which mesh resolution can vary locally within the mesh whilst permitting control of the distortion of cells in the mesh to maintain suitability for performing finite element (or finite volume) analysis on a representation of the object.The method includes computer-implemented instructions that calculate a variable sampling point distribution (SPD) in image data space, the variable SPD having localized variations in SPD within the image data space, and the distribution of sampling points having the same topology as a uniform SPD suitable for obtaining a regular structured is mesh. The method includes generating an indication of the magnitude of cell distortion between the generated mesh and the regular structured meshVarying the mesh resolution may enable smaller elements to be located in regions of particular interest or activity when subsequently performing analysis using the mesh model.

A rotating element display includes a matrix having discrete regions of cells of different sizes occupied by rotatably disposed optically and electrically anisotropic elements (e.g., electrically anisotropic bichromal spheres). The regions of larger cells are occupied by larger rotating elements having a first combination of optical properties while the regions of smaller cells are occupied by smaller elements having a second combination of optical properties. The rotating elements having different combinations of optical properties are separately addressable by electromagnetic signals that cause rotation of selected optically dissimilar elements and create a desired color image. In a different aspect, a rotating element display includes a plurality of optically anisotropic rotatable elements occupying cells of a transparent matrix, in a configuration where a background color is viewable through the matrix. A color image is created using a combination of background color with optical properties of the rotating elements.

The invention relates to an X-Y address type solid-state image pickup device manufactured by a CMOS process, and has an object to provide an X-Y address type solid-state image pickup device which has a small element size and a wide opening ratio, and can reduce a kTC noise. A photodiode 10, a reset transistor 12, a source follower amplifier 14, and a horizontal selection transistor 16 are formed in each of pixel regions Pmn. A kTC noise reduction circuit 6VR1 for reducing a kTC noise and a CDS circuit 6CL1 are formed outside of the pixel regions Pmn. A differential amplifier is constituted by a first differential transistor 62 of the kTC noise reduction circuit 6VR1 and the source follower amplifier 14 in each of the pixel regions Pmn.

The present invention discloses a new electron spectroscopic metrology system using an electron beam to measure the periodic feature on a substrate. The present invention provides a measurement system for the geometry parameters of the periodic feature which is only a few repeating small elements in the measurement area. The present invention has the following advantages: (1) capable of measuring a small feature of an array of lines (line width less than a couple of ten nanometers); (2) capable of measuring a small feature of an array of via holes; (3) capable of measuring an isolated feature, with a line and patch ratio less than 1:10; (4) capable of measuring a small area, less than twenty five square micrometers; (5) no need to input detailed knowledge about the feature and its film stack; (6) simple theoretical model to derive the geometry parameters. The total simplicity of the present invention will enhance the electron spectroscopic metrology system's overall performance and productivity.

The invention discloses an axially-sealed fluid pressure switcher with reciprocating sliders. The fluid pressure switcher comprises a high-pressure section shell and a decompression section cylinder which are connected, wherein a fluid (high pressure saline water) inlet pipe, a water pressure cylinder connecting pipe and a decompression connecting pipe are arranged on the high-pressure section shell; a decompression port baffle ring is arranged on the end part of the high-pressure section shell; a high-pressure cavity baffle ring, a distance ring for limiting and fixing the high-pressure cavity baffle ring and a connecting baffle ring are arranged in the high-pressure section shell; four connected pull rods are arranged in the radial center of the high-pressure section shell and the decompression section cylinder; and a fixed sealing block which is matched with the high-pressure cavity baffle ring, a connecting baffle ring sliding sealing block and a decompression port baffle ring sliding sealing block are arranged on the pull rods. The invention has the advantages that: complicated fluid switch is realized by a simple structure, an internal structure is formed by assembling a plurality of small elements, the fluid pressure switcher is easy to process and mount, has high replaceability and is reliably operated, and pressure and flow in the process of getting in and out of the fluid pressure switcher do not wave.

A rotating element display includes a matrix having discrete regions of cells of different sizes occupied by rotatably disposed optically and electrically anisotropic elements (e.g., electrically anisotropic bichromal spheres). The regions of larger cells are occupied by larger rotating elements having a first combination of optical properties while the regions of smaller cells are occupied by smaller elements having a second combination of optical properties. The rotating elements having different combinations of optical properties are separately addressable by electromagnetic signals that cause rotation of selected optically dissimilar elements and create a desired color image. In a different aspect, a rotating element display includes a plurality of optically anisotropic rotatable elements occupying cells of a transparent matrix, in a configuration where a background color is viewable through the matrix. A color image is created using a combination of background color with optical properties of the rotating elements.

The purpose of dynamically tuning in dense arrays is to improve power received and signal quality. In traditional phased array the inherent design procedure is to design for good matching over the frequency and scan angle of operation. Typically this is done in the overall design based on a priori knowledge of the frequency, relative phasing and amplitude distribution of all the elements. With this a priori knowledge the design can be done based on known mutual coupling.

The invention relates to a reflective optical pressure sensor. Laser output by a laser emitter is output by a lens in a focused manner and is then split by a beam splitting device. One beam is reflected and is absorbed directly by a first light intensity detector. The other beam is transmitted to a detection unit. An incoming light beam casts to a glass sheet of the detection unit in an inclined manner, penetrates through the glass sheet and then a silicon dioxide globule layer and a garnet in sequence, and then is reflected by an aluminum film on the back of the garnet. The reflection light passes through the garnet and the silicon dioxide globule layer again and is then output from the glass sheet. The reflection light is received by a second light intensity detector after being output.Graphite electrification voltage change of the detection unit causes heat deformation of the silicon dioxide globule layer in the detection unit, so that light intensity of reflection light of the detection unit changes. Through comparing the light intensity change relation of the two light intensity detectors, a pressure parameter can be acquired. The sensor provided by the invention has advantages of small element quantity, high reaction speed, high reliability, high adaptability, simple operation, high precision and the like.

The present invention relates to a method for producing an ultrasound image with a variable refractive lens (6) by transmitting a plurality of transmit beams (Txl-Tx4) from an array of transducers (5) and receiving echo signals with the array of transducers (5) through the variable refractive lens (6) with an associated lens shape. By combining echo signals of receive lines from different transmit beams which are spatially related, the invention enable producing an image using image data. The invention is beneficial for high frequency ultrasonic imaging with the transducers being relatively larger sized than hitherto needed for high frequency applications. The array of transducers does not need to be 'well- sampled'; i.e. having the width or size being comparably to the center wavelength of the ultrasonic signals to be received. This is particularly important at very high frequencies where well- sampled arrays would require very small elements that would be very challenging to manufacture.

A modified VOMAC mesh generation method for image data sampled from an actual object in which mesh resolution can vary locally within the mesh while permitting control of the distortion of cells in the mesh to maintain suitability for performing finite element (or finite volume) analysis on a representation of the object.The method includes computer-implemented instructions that calculate a variable sampling point distribution (SPD) in image data space, the variable SPD having localized variations in SPD within the image data space, and the distribution of sampling points having the same topology as a uniform SPD suitable for obtaining a regular structured is mesh. The method includes generating an indication of the magnitude of cell distortion between the generated mesh and the regular structured meshVarying the mesh resolution may enable smaller elements to be located in regions of particular interest or activity when subsequently performing analysis using the mesh model.

A capacitor energy-storage type silicon-controlled switch power supply is designed to resolve the technical problems in the prior art of complex structure, poor stability, low efficiency, large size, difficulty in modularization and the like. The switch power supply is mainly formed by a capacitor charging and silicon-controlled trigger circuit, a power pulse generation circuit and a rectification filtering stabilizing circuit. The upper half circle of electric supply is utilized to charge an energy-storage capacitor, and the lower half circle of the electric supply is utilized to generate silicon-controlled trigger signals to enable the energy-storage capacitor to be quickly discharged through a loop formed by a primary coil of a pulse transformer and controlled silicon, generate pulse voltage in a secondary coil of the pulse transformer and form a stable direct current power supply through the rectification filtering stabilizing circuit. Compared with other parts, the switch power supply has small element power consumption and is quick in pulse ascending and descending speed and high in energy conversion efficiency due to the fact that the power pulse generation circuit adopts the controlled silicon and the energy-storage capacitor as core parts. The switch power supply has the advantages of being energy-saving, low in cost and ultrathin and facilitating modularization.

The invention discloses a BJT (bipolar junction transistor)-type auto-excitation Buck converter with a small main switching tube driving loss, which comprises a main loop of the Buck converter consisting of an input capacitor Ci, a main switching tube PNP type BJT tube Q1, a diode D, an inductor L and a capacitor Co. The BJT-type auto-excitation Buck converter with the small main switching tube driving loss also comprises a driving unit of the main switching tube Q1. The BJT-type auto-excitation Buck converter with the small main switching tube driving loss has the advantages of simple circuit structure, small element amount, small main switching tube driving loss and high circuit efficiency during light load.

A method and apparatus for transporting an object from one workstation to another, or for manipulating an object within a workstation, where the object or workstations may be contaminated with unwanted dirt or dust particles, are disclosed. The object is gripped at one work station with a movable transfer arm a movable transfer arm having an end effector composed of an array of nano-scale projections, where each projection provides one or more distal contact ends, the density of contact ends is such as to grip a surface of the object with an intermolecular force sufficient to hold the object for movement, where the relative sizes of the object and particles are such that the object makes contact with severalfold times of the number of contact ends than contacted by such particles. After moving the gripped object to the other workstation, the end effector is manipulated to release the gripped object at the other workstation. Before, during or after transport of the object, the arm's end effector is brought into contact with a cleaning surface having a surface energy interaction with particles carried on said effector as great or greater than the surface energy interaction between particles and effector, thereby to transfer such particles to the cleaning surface. Also disclosed is an apparatus for transporting small elements or objects in a nano- or micro-fabrication assembly or in printing, and a self-cleaning adhesive tape.

The invention relates to a merging-sorting method based on an assembly line process and a valve control device using the merging-sorting method. The merging-sorting method is an effective parallel algorithm based on merging operation. Merging-sorting is operation for combining two ordered arrays into one ordered array; elements in the two arrays are compared, and smaller elements are put into a third array, and so forth; and if one of the arrays arrives at the end firstly, the remaining parts of the other array are put into the third array, so that the two different arrays are combined into one ordered array. Moreover, the method is applied to a valve control system of a flexible direct-current power transmission system, and a key path in the algorithm is shortened by means of an assembly line technology, so that the speediness of capacitive voltage sequencing can be ensured under the situation that IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Translator) sub-modules of each bridge arm are increased; less resources are occupied; and the utilization ratio of a chip is increased.

The invention discloses an active balancing circuit and method of a serial storage battery pack. The circuit includes a serial storage battery pack, an electronic switch network, a bidirectional DC-DCmodule, a battery voltage collecting module, a control module and a selective DC-DC isolation power supply module. The serial storage battery pack is composed of a plurality of storage battery piecesconnected in series. The serial storage battery pack is connected with the electronic switch network. The other end of the electronic switch network is connected to the bidirectional DC-DC module. The other end of the DC-DC module is connected to the output terminal of the serial storage battery pack. The control module enables connection of a battery piece requiring balancing through controllingthe electronic switch network and controls the bidirectional DC-DC module to perform charge or discharge balancing on the battery piece enabled to be in connection. According to the invention, through introducing the electronic switch network, efficient charge or discharge balancing can be performed on any storage battery piece in the serial storage battery pack by use of the only one bidirectional DC-DC module. The circuit has advantages of small element number, low cost, large balancing current, simple control and high robustness.