An aqueous formulation includes a PEDF-derived short
peptide (PDSP) having the sequence of one of SEQ ID NO: 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, or 9;
histidine having a concentration of 1 mM – 100 mM; and an
antioxidant and optionally a non-ionic
tonicity agent. The pH value is around 5–9. The
antioxidant is
nicotinamide, which is at a concentration of 50 mM – 1000 mM. The non-ionic
tonicity agent is
sorbitol, which is at a concentration of 0 mM – 500 mM. A concentration of the PDSP is 0.01% - 1% w / v.