The invention discloses a flexible nanofiber zinc tin oxide field effect transistor and a preparation method thereof. The flexible nanofiber zinc tin oxide field effect transistor comprises a top source electrode layer, a top drain electrode layer, a carrier channel layer of a nanofiber structure, a dielectric layer, a bottom gate electrode layer and a substrate which are arranged from top to bottom, wherein the carrier channel layer of the nanofiber structure is a zinc tin oxide filament cluster which is prepared by a sol method and has the diameter of about 100-300 nm. The preparation methodcomprises the following steps of: a) cleaning the substrate; b) preparing the bottom gate electrode layer, c) preparing a hafnium oxide dielectric layer, d) preparing a carrier channel layer with a nanofiber structure, and e) preparing a top source electrode layer and a top drain electrode layer. According to the scheme, the nanofiber (NF) filaments are prepared by adopting a sol method, the operation is simple and convenient, the distribution and direction are easy to control, the cost is low, the uniformity is relatively high, and large-scale industrial application can be realized; the advantages of environmental protection, high mobility and the like are achieved; the method can be applied to the field of flexible wearable circuits; and the whole device is transparent, and has good application potential in the optical field.