The invention discloses a shell heat exchanger of a double-cylinder casting, comprising a double-cylinder shell, a base, casting end sockets, an end socket sealing ring, a heat exchange core, a rear sealing cover plate, a threaded plug, a fastening bolt, a cover plate sealing ring, an air inlet, an air outlet and a standby air inlet; the double-barrel shell comprises a first tube and a second tube, the openings of the first tube and the second tube are positioned at one side of the double-barrel shell, and the casting end sockets are arranged on the openings of the first tube and the second tube; the other side of the double-barrel shell is provided with the rear sealing cover plate; the top side of the double-barrel shell is provided with the air inlet, the air outlet and the standby airinlet. The shell heat exchanger provided by the invention has the characteristics of improving the passing rate of one-time test, improving the overall yield rate, shortening the production cycle of the heat exchanger, shortening the design cycle, reducing the outage maintenance loss and having strong capability.